&£E 



Eg 



» 



■ ■ 



mv,.i 



_■ ;V.v$ 



■ 












MYT-IUS'S f . 
CHOOlu DICTIONARY 

•• -' - • 

OF THE 

ENGLISH LANGUAGE, 

tended for those by \?hom a Dictionary is 
used as a Series of daily Lessons : 

which such Words as are pedantica], vuU 
gar, indelicate, and obsolete, are omitted ; 

iid such only are preserved as are purely 
and simply English, or are of Necessary 
Use and Universal Application. 

THE SECOND EDITION, 

TO WHICH IS PREFIXED, 

NEW GUIDE TO THE ENGLISH TONGUE 
By EDWARD BALDWIN, Esq. 



N. B. The object of this bpok is to shorten the time 
: cessary for obtaining a competent knowledge of the* 
iglish tongue, so that the learner may acquire all the 
nuine elements of our speech, with less than one half 
Is labour commonly employed for that purpose. 



PRINTED FOR M. J. GODWIN, AT THE JUVENILE 
LIBRARY, NO. 41, SKINNER STREET, 

AND TO BE HAD OF ALL BCOKSEl 



ELLERS. 

-v^Zr — - 



1809- 

Frict 2s. 6& on Jine, and 2s. on common Paper* 



i • 



LONDON : Printed by Richard Taylor and Co., Shoe Lane ; 
and Charles Spilsbury, Angel Court, Skinner Street. 



1 0J& 

% 

ADVERTISEMENT. 

NO look has leen more loudly called for, ly ^ # 
the nature and system of school-education, than 
the following. The extraordinary circumstance 
is, that having leen so long and universally 
a desideratum, it has never leen attempted, till 
undertaken ly the present proprietors. The 
masters and governesses of schools have leen aU 
most daily in their representations of the extreme 
value and necessity of such a ivork, yet no one 
was found actually to put it in hand. The 
pul Ushers flatter themselves that on this occasion 
they are tendering an invalualle present to all 
conductors of academies and seminaries of learn- 
ing, and to the rising generation; and in so 
doing they seek for no other reward than con- 
scious usefulness, and the fair profit and en- 
couragement naturally arising to them, from the 
success of their undertaking. It will give them 
pleasure to le recollected hereafter as well-doers> 



ADVERTISEMENT, 
if such it shall prove that they are, and to re* 
ceive the countenance which their vigilance and 
activity in pursuing a beneficial purppse, may 

le thought to deserve. 
July 1, 1809. 

I have the highest satisfaction in prefixing th§ 
Essay which Mr. Baldwin has done me the ho* 
nour to address to me, to the second edition of 
this work. I am confident, that even where the 
schoolmaster or governess, from the multiplicity 
of their avocations, shall decline the task of in- 
stilling the principles of this essay into the minds 
of their pupils, there will in every school b e some, 
who will nevertheless le made the better, by vo* 
luntarily turning over these pages, and thus in- 
sensibly becoming familiar with the structure of 
their native tongue. Young persons have very 
often a spirit of enquiry, curiosity and enterprise, 
which hard necessity, as riper years arrive, kills 
in the adult. 

The republication of my work in two months 

from its first appearance, is the completes t and 

most gratifying proof of the benefit attendant on 

my labours. 

Red Lion Square, 
Sep. 1, 1309, 

W. F, M, 



A NEW GUIDE TO THE ENGLISH 
TONGUE. 

BY EDWARD BALDWIN", ESQ. 



Mr. W. F. MYLIUS. 
Sir, 

A exceedingly approve of the plan 
you did me the favour to communicate to me, 
of a New Dictionary for the Use of Schools. 
You inform me that it is now the established 
practice in all schools, both male and female, 
where the English language forms a principal 
object of attention, to put into the hands of the 
pupils in a certain stage of their progress, a 
Compendious Dictionary of their native tongue, 
comprising the words of which that tongue con- 
sists, in a portable form, accompanied with such 
explanations of the meaning of each word, as 
may be given without an unreasonable exten- 
sion of the size of the volume. Each scholar, 
it seems, takes a column or half a column of 
this Dictionary, as may best accord with his or 
her state of advancement, or the portion of 
time which the instructor can appropriate to 
one pupil, for a single lesson, learning at once . 
the right spelling ot" the words, and the mean- 
ing assigned to each, in the course of that 
lesson. 

Nothing can be more luminous than the di« 

B 



VI A NEW GUIDB 

stinetion you set before me between two sorts 
of Dictionaries, the one intended to be used by 
any one as an interpreter in the course of his 
reading, and the other to be committed to me- 
mory, day by day, in our tender. years, by the 
person who .is thus to attain a comprehensive 
knowledge of the elements of a language. It 
was by a just discrimination that you remarked, 
th3t the reader who used a Dictionary as his in- 
terpreter for explaining any book he chanced to 
peruse, would have occasion, by way of prefe- 
rence, for the abstruse, obscure, learned, and 
scarcely English words, words of unfrequent 
use, growing daily obsolete, or which represent 
ideas of the remotest and most scientifical na- 
ture : while the pupil whose object is to ac- 
quire the genuine elements of our speech, will 
be only misled by these words of anomalous form 
and a scarcely English structure, and ought to 
have his attention almost exclusively directed to 
words purely and simply English, and such as 
are of necessary use and universal application. 
You expatiated with a zeal, which did you ho- 
nour in the way of your profession, upon the 
extreme loss of time, and the unnecessary abuse 
of the patience of young persons, which is oc- 
casioned by the general use now made of the 
Interpreting, as a substitute for the Elementary, 
Dictionary : and you concluded with announ- 
cing your resolution, that since, though an Ele- 
mentary, or Proper School Dictionary, was 
universally called for, no one had been found 
hardy or industrious enough to attempt a work 
so totally novel, you would no longer suffer so 
great an evil to exist in the system of education, 



TO THE ENGLISH TONGUE. vil 

if any abilities you possessed would enable you 
to remedy it. 

I felt myself much interested in the develop* 
ment you thus made of your ideas on the sub- 
ject, and waited with no little impatience for 
the publication of your nook. I may with sin- 
cerity take upon me to say that I have con- 
sidered its pages with care and attention, and 
if my commendation of your labours can in 
any way conduce to the dissemination of your 
work, you are perfectly welcome to it, I have 
no doubt that it is capable of farther improve- 
ments ; but T have as little doubt that the same 
good sense which led you to seize the idea, and 
the same zeal and perseverance which have 
enabled you to execute it, will make the author 
himself the fittest man in the world to intro- 
duce such improvements into the future im- 
pressions. 

In the very attentive examination I have 
given to what you have done, and the reflection 
I have bestowed upon the plan and principles 
pursued in your work, some ideas respecting 
the nature of language, and of the English 
language in particular, have occurred to me, 
which I will take the liberty to lay before you. 
And, that I may be more exactly understood, as 
to the way of thinking which led me into the 
train unfolded in the following pages, I will 
make your Dictionary the text of my discourse, 
and set out thus : 

SECTION I. 

Nothing is clearer at the first glance of a 
Dictionary, than the superfluity and vexation, 
b2 



Vlll A NEW GUIDE 

so far as relates to the instruction of a child, 
that arises from the perpetual repetition of a 
word with a small variety in the termination. 
Take the first example ti.at occurs; for instance : 

Bounty, s generosity; munificence. 

Bounteous, a. liberal ; kind ; generous. 

Bounteously, ad. liberally ; frerlv 

Bounteousness, s, munificence; liberality. 

Bountilul, a. the same as bounteous ,*. 
Examples of this sort are as numerous as the 
pages of any of the Dictionaries in use. Now* 
surely there can be no greater waste of time, 
and nothing more wearisome and nauseous 
both to hearer and speaker, than this enuless 
monotony. All these meanings are in reality one 
meaning ; all these variation- are made by rule : 
is it not better that the scholar should learn the 
rule at once, than that he should repeat a multi- 
tude of examples every day, without ever know- 
ing the rule at all ? 

it has been made a subject of commendation 
of the Latin language considered as a study for 
youth, that the inflections of the words of this 
language, with their mass of declensions and 
conjugations, have an admirable effect in in- 
stilling into young minds an idea of the philoso- 
phy of language, and prompting them to ana- 
lyse their thoughts, and reflect upon the man- 
ner in which words, and syllables and termi- 
nations (the parts of words), are adapted to re- 
present ideas. It has been regretted, that in 
consequence of the simple structure of the £n- 

* These meanings are taken from a Dictionary en- 
titled Sheridan Improved, by Stephen J ones. 



TO THE ENGLISH TONGUE. IX 

glish language, we have scarcely any such thing 
as declensions and conjugations, constraining the 
learner as it were to anatomise his words, in 
order to enter into their full force and applica- 
tion. When one word, without suffering any 
variation, constantly represents one idea, the 
mind of a young person will scarcely in any, 
way be enabled to separate the word and the 
idea : both will come mixed and confounded to 
the apprehension : but when he perceives the 
same word undergoing many changes, in con- 
formity to the different shades of the original 
idea, or the way in which it is connected with 
other ideas in meditation or discourse, the learn- 
er cannot foil to distinguish in both word and 
idea what is fundamental and what is casual, 
and being thus led into a train of comparison,, 
will be enabled to weigh his words, and to suit 
his discourse to the thoughts in his mind, in a 
way which he would otherwise have aspired to 
in vain. Add to which, that the system of 
grammar, with its bundle of cases, numbers, 
persons, genders, tenses, and moods, all and 
every one of them attended with and expressed 
by some variation in the word thus differently 
applied, is the first happy introduction of the 
feeling and notion of system (that nurse»of wis- 
dom-and of virtue) into the tender mind. This 
constitutes one of the essential differences be- 
tween a liberal and a merely vernacular educa- 
tion : and hence it has justly been observed, 
that Latin, in every degree in which it can be 
learned, is productive of the most salutary ef- 
fects, and that he who has spent only one month 
in truly and assiduously contemplating the ek* 
b3 



X A NEW GUIDE 

merits of this tongue, will find benefit from it 
thn ugh the whole course of his life. 

jr is far from my intention to impeach in the 
slightest degree the just eulogium above re- 
cited of the s udy of the Latin language. But 
1 think I am able in some degree to vindicate 
our native tongue from the opprobrium which 
has been cast upon it in this comparison. Jt is 
true that we make but a trivia' show in the 
tables, charts, and paradigms which have been 
hitherto exhibited under the apptl ation of gram- 
mar ; and it has justly been observed that our 
English Grammars, as they have hitherto been 
written, are little more than the Latin Gram- 
mar translated, with a false and deceptive title- 
page in the front. In vain have their laborious 
compilers made a copious show of genitive, da- 
tive, and ablative, of number, persons, and 
tenses in their verbs, of indicative, subjunctive, 
infiniitive, and an endless farrago of distinctions: 
when we look accurately into the thing, and 
put aside the disguise, we find for the most 
part but one unaltered word through the com- 
plicated maze, and perceive that we have been 
reading the tree, pedigree, ancestry, and filia- 
tion of any other language, rather than of that of 
which the book fallaciously professes to treat. 

Yet it is not true that the words of the English 
language undergo no variations and inflections, 
and can exhibit no show of descents and declen- 
sions. If the writers of English Grammar, in- 
stead of coming (as at least the earliest ot these 
writers did) full fraught with the stores of 
ancient learning, their memories loaded with 
all the inflections which the Latin and Greek 



TO THE ENGLISH TONGUE. XI 

words sustain and ours do not, had confined 
their thoughts to the subject actually before 
them, they would soon have perceived the real 
declensions or English words, and by exhibiting 
these to the tender minds or youth, would have 
made them by a shun and demonstrative process 
apprehend the genius of their native tongue, 
and have taught them as salutary a lesson of 
philosophy and system, as any that is to be 
learned from the disquisitions of Priscian and 
Lily. 

Having said thus much, I will no longer de- 
tain you with preliminary matter, but lay before 
you at once various specimens of the genuine 
declensions of the English tongue. The words 
of our language in the various dresses they as- 
sume, do not pass indeed, in the manner ex- 
hibited in the Latin and Greek Grammars, into 
various cases, genders, tenses, and moods, but 
into various parts of speech ; and the exhibition 
of these, with the rules by which they are form- 
ed, will, I confidently persuade myself, have 
to the full as conspicuous and salutary an effect, 
in drilling, marshalling, and disciplining the 
young ideas, as any that has hitherto been de- 
rived from the study of the learned languages. 

In the following examples I have alu ays in- 
clined to consider the substantive as the root, 
and the verb and the other parts of speech as 
the branches which spring from it. If I do not 
at first give the best and most definite names 
to every variation that occurs, you will, J am 
sure, think that I have some claim to indul- 
gence, when you recollect that I am advancing 
on ground that was never trod before. 



XII 



A NEW GUIDE 



TABLE THE FIRST*. 

OF THE REAL DECLENSIONS OF THE ENGLISH 
TONGUE. 



I. 

Love , substantive. 
Love, verb. 
.Lovely, adjective. 
'Unlovely , negative 
Lover, 

person. 
Zroveliness, 



Artfulness, ? substantive 
Artlessuess, ) of the thing. 
Artfully, I 
Artlessly, £ 



adverb. 



t4j- 



substantive or 



the 



substantive of 



II. 



IV. 

Govern, verb. 

Governor, \ substantive of 
Governess, £ the person. 
Government, ) substantive 
Governance, \ of the thing. 
Governable, adjective. 
Ungovernable, negative adj. \ 



Shame, substantive. 
Shame, verb. 
Shameful, adjective. 
Shameless, negative adj. 
Shame fulness, ) substan- 
Sliatnelessness, £ tive of the 

thing. 
Shamefully, > d 
Shamelessly, ^ 

III. 

A't, substantive. 

Artful, adjective. 

Artless, \ " ~ . -,. 
17 .A j > negative adj. 

Artist, substantive of the 
person. 

* In these pages, particularly in the Tables, which 
it will probably be found useful that the scholar should 
commit to memory, it is taken for granted, that he is 
so far acquainted with books of grammar, as to be no 
stranger to the names of the different parts of speech, 
and not to need to have them explained to him here. 



Joy, substantive. 
Enjoy, verb. 

■*#* }■ adjective. 

Joyous, j J 

Joyless, ~) 

Unjoyfiil, > negative adj. 

Unjoy<nis,j 

JoyjUness ) substantive 

tW*'" 1 ' oftti thing. 

Joylessness, ) & 

Joyfully, \ 
Joyously, r 
Joylessly, > adverb. 

Uujoyously, J 



TO THE ENGLISH TONGUE 
VI. 



Xlll 



Need, substantive. 

Need, verb. 

Needy, adjective of the 
person. 

Needful, ? adjective of 

Unveeded, $ the thing. 

Needless, negative adj. 

Need v i ess, personal sub- 
stantive. 

Needfulness, ) substantive 

Needlessness, \ oi the thing. 

Needlessly,) 

VII. 

Offend, verb. 
Offence, substantive* 
Offensive, adjective. 
Offenceless, (negative 
Unoffending, J adjective. 
Offender, substantive of the 

person. 
Offe? siveness, ) substan- 
hufftnsiveness,) tiveofthe 

thing. 
Offensively, > , , 
Unoffendmgly, £ aaverD - 

VIII. 

Move, verb. 
Move, substantive. 
Moveable, ) ,. f passive. 
Moving, j ™* (active. 
Motionless, ) 
Unmoved, i'^J^ 
Immoveable, ) ■* 
Mover, substantive of the 

person, 
Motive, substantive of the 

cause. 



Motion, ^substantive 
Movement, f of the thing. 
hnmoveably, adverb. 

IX. 

Use, substantive. 
Disuse, negative substan- 
tive. 
Use, verb. 

Disuse, negative verb. 
Usfd \ ,. . 

Useless, ) . ,. 

User, substantive of the 

person. 
Usefulness, *) substantive 
Uselessness, J of the thing* 
V fully, ^ adyerb> 
Uselessi - ■ 



*> Udve 
V i J 



X. 



Observe, verb. 
Observing, \ adjective of 
Observant,) the person, 
Obser nable, adjective of the 

thing. 
Unobservant, ? negative 
Unobservable, \ adjective. 
Observer 9 substantive of 

the person. 
Ohervnt'on, ^substantive 
Observance, y of the thing. 
Ob enatory, substantive 

of the place. 

XI. 

Vary, verb. 
Varying, } 

Fn viable, > adjective, 
Various, S 



XIV 



A NEW GUIDE 



substan- 
tive of the 
thing. 



Invariable, 1 

Unvaried, V negative adj. 

Unvarying, ) 

Variety, 

Variance) 

Variableness, 

hivariableness. 

Variably, ) , , 
, ■ ., > adverb. 
Jnvariably, } 

XII. 

Please, verb. 

Displease, negative verb. 

Pleasing, 

Pleasant, 

Pleasurable, 

Unpleasing, 

Unpleasant, 

Displeasing, 

Pleasure, { substantive 

Displeasure, j of the feel- 
ing. 

Pleasantry, ~) substantive 

Pleasantness, J of the thing 
felt. 



Pleasantly, ") 

Uiipleasttiilly , j 

XIII. 



adverb. 



AS, J j 



ective. 




Graced substantive. 

Grace, verb. 

Graceful, ) 

Gracious, 

Graceless, 

Disgraceful, f . ,. 

r r & ' c ,'> negative adi. 
ungracejy/.l, ( to J 

Un gracious, } 
Disgrace, negative sub- 
stantive. 
Disgrace, negative verb. 
Gracefulness, "") substan- 
Gracious'ness, I tive of 
Un gracefulness, J the 
Ungraciousness,} thing. 
Gract fully, 
Graciously, 

Ungracefully, V adverb. 
Ungraciously, 
Disgracefully, 



I da not hesitate to say that a few hours of 
the time of every scholar studying the English 
language, cannot be more profitably employed, 
than in committing the above declensions to 
memory. 

All the variations arid inflections which have 
hitherto been dwelt on in books of English 
Grammar, have been the nominative and ob- 
jective cases of pronouns, the possessive case 
and plural of substantives, and the singular and 
plural, with the past tense, and participles (im- 
perfect in ing, a> d perfect in ed) of verbs; rare- 
ly more thari four or five variations to any single 
word. To these I have added a species of de- 



TO THE ENGLISH TONGUE. XV 

clension, sometimes with nearly twenty cases, 
all of them formed with as much system, and as 
strictly according to rule, as those laid down by 
my predecessors. 

Every thing depends upon the manner in which 
that thing is done, 1 know that no one could 
look into a Dictionary professing to contain our 
words, or into a book of English composition, 
without being frequently presented with the 
same word under a slight difference of form, as 
noun and verb,, affirmative and negative, ad- 
jective and adverb, with all the variations above 
recited. But all these had hitherto been left in 
their original chaos, disjecta semlna rerum, and 
had never been brought to throw light and 
yield perspicuity and comment to each other. 
Just so the original compilers of grammars 
added no new words to the languages of which 
they treated ; and yet it N as never been denied 
that they rendered important service to the pub- 
lic, by arranging the various examples under 
different heads, and giving a scientific form to 
the whole. 

SECTION II. 

OF PREFIXES. 

There are two ways in which the words of 
our own, as of every other language, admit of 
inflection and variation, by prefixes and ter- 
minations. It is, therefore, a most desirable 
part: of education that young persons should be 
made well acquainted with the meaning of these 
appendages of simple and primitive words, all 
and every one of which there is reason to 
8 



XVI A NEW GUIDE 

believe were once wor s themselves. When 
the pupil learns the meaning of a primitive, he 
has acquired a clue to the family of that primi- 
tive and no more ; but when he learns the 
meaning of a prefix or termination, he becomes 
acquainted with that which may be a part, and, 
as it has hitherto continued, the obscurest part, 
of perhaps hundreds of words, and besides ac- 
quires to a certain degree a familiarity with, and 
insight into, the very genius and mechanism of 
language itself. 

Prefixes have been pretty copiously treated 
of, and with tolerable clearness explained, by 
many preceding writers. They are by much 
the least delicate and subtle of the two kinds of 
accession which words acquire in their progress 
through language. For the superior degree of 
attention they have experienced they have been 
partly indebted to the greater obviousness of 
their theory, as a commentator will sometimes 
dextrously pass by those passages in his author 
which stood in most need of elucidation, and 
then dwell with all the parade of analysis and 
instruction upon what every reader could have 
explained for himself. This preferable atten- 
tion has also partly been caused by the whimsi- 
cal circumstance, that prefixes, standing at the 
head of the words to which they belong, are 
inevitably ail classed, together with their fami- 
lies, in the Dictionary, while the unfortunate 
termination, having neither bench nor box in 
the great theatre of language that he can call 
his own, is elbowed away by every chance- 
comer, thrust into any obscure corner, and con- 
signed to neglect. 

The prefix, unlike the termination in this 



TO THE ENGLISH TONGUE. XVII 

respect, seldom operates to change the part of 
speech of the word to which it is joined. 

The majority of the English prefixes are taken 
from that distinct class of words in the Latin 
language, called prepositions. The most usual 
are as follow. 



TABLE THE SECOND. 

PREFIXES TAKEN FROM THE LATIN, 

1. a and ah, signifying fro?n. Examples : ab- 

solve, to loosen from ; abuse, from the use, 
a wrong, unfair, or pernicious use. 

2. ad, signifying to. Examples : adapt, to fit 

to -, adjoin, to join to 3 adverb, a word 
joined to a verb. 

The d in ad is changed, for easier pronuncia- 
tion^ into c, f, I, n, and p respectively,. 
when ad is prefixed to words beginning 
with those letters. Thus : 

accompany , to be company allot, to lot to. 

to. allure, to lure to. 

accumulate, to heap to. annotate, to write an espla- 
qffix, to fix to. nation to. 

affront, to turn a rude append, to hang to. 

front to. appertain, to pertain to, 

3. con, signifying with. Examples: 

concourse, a running with, conjoin, to join with. 

or together. conjunction, a joining with* 
conform, to form with, i e. 

to resemble, to comply. 



XVlil A NEW GUIDE 

con is also written co bfore a vowel, and com 

and cor. Thus : 

coequal, equal with. commotion, a motion with 

coetemal, eternal witk. or together. 

coheir, heir with, compassion, a passion or 

coexist, to exist with. suffering with. 

correlative, relative with. 

4. cfe, signify ing/row. Examples : 

deface, to take away the defame, to take fame from. 

face from. depart, to part from. 

deform, to take the form depend, to hang from. 

from. 

5. e and ex, signifying from or out of; written 

also ec and ef before words beginning with 
c and/. Examples : 

eccentric, from the centre. erase,, to rase from. 

efface, to put from the evacuate, to empty from* 

face. exclaim, to cry ouU 
emigrate, to migrate from. 

6. i/z., written also ig, il, im, and ir. This pre- 

fix has two meanings. 1. in, into, or on. 

Examples : 

impress, to press on. inquest, a search into. 

imprint, to print on. inroad, a road into. 

imprison, to confine in. insight, a seeing into. 

inflame, to put flame into, irradiate, to pour rays in. 

ingraft, to graft in. irruption, a breaking in. 
influx, a flowing in. 

The other meaning is negative, or equivalent to 
not. Thus : 

ignoble, not noble. impotent, not powerful. 

illegal, not legal. inactive, not active. 

. immoral, not moral. irrational, not rational. 

irregular, not regular. irresolute, not resolute. 



TO THE ENGLISH TONGUE. XiX 

N. B. In many cases there seems to be no 
real difference betwen the sense of in and en, 
prefixes ; the latter of which is merely the 
French way of spelling this preposition : it is 
also sometimes written em. Examples : em- 
Irace, endorse, enweave, enwrap, ensnare, en- 
velop. 

7. per, signifying through, or thoroughly. 
Though many English words begin with 
this syllable, yet few of those words re- 
main genuine and allowed English words, 
when stripped of the prefix ; that is, they 
were imported into our language whole, 
not first the primitive, and then the deri- 
vative. Examples : 

perform, to do thoroughly, pertinacious, thoroughly 
perspicuous, that may be tenacious, tenacious to 
seen through. . excess. 

persecution, a following thoroughly, or to excess. 

8. post, after : joined to few English words. 

Examples : 

postmeridian, in the after- postpone, to place after, 
noon. 

9. prt; before, over, or alove, Examples : 

preconceive, to conceive be- . prefix, to fix before, or in 
forehand. the beginning of, 

predestine, to destine be- f reengage, to engage be- 
forehand, forehand. 

predominate, to dominate preeminent, eminent above, 
over. 

10. pro, forward, or out (far out) . This pre- 
fix, like per , though beginning many 
English words, is in very few instances 
c2 



XX 



A NEW GUIDE 



placed before words which are complete- 
ly English when the prefix is taken away, 
Examples : ^ 

proclaim, to cry cut. prolong, to lengthen out. 

progress, a stepping for- 
ward. 

11. re, signifying lack, or again. Examples: 

remind, to bring to mind 



again. 
remount, to mount again. 
renew, to make new again. 
repass, to pass again. 
repossess, to possess again. 



readmit, to admit again. 
rebound, to bound back. 
recal, to call back. 
rebuild, to build again. 
Q&coUect, to collect again. 
reform, to form again. 
refresh, to make fresh 
again. 

12. sub, under : written sup, before p. Ex- 
amples : 

subdean, ihe vicedean. suppress, to press under, to 
subjoin, to join under or conceal. 

after. suppliant, bending under, 
subsequent, following after. as in intreaty* 

13 trans, over, through, elsewhere, differently. 
Examples : 

transact, to act through, or transmigrate, to migrate 

with completeness. through, or into a dif* 

transptaut, to plant else- ferent place. [rently. 

where transform, to form diffe- 

14. dis, written also du has three meanings: 
first, about, in several ways or directions, 
thus : 

dimens on, a measuring divulge, to spread amonj* 
about the vulgar, 

dissolve, to loosen and di- 
sperse the parts of 3 
thing. 



TO THE ENGLISH TONGUE. XXI 

secondly, from ; as 

diminish, to minish or sub- divest, to take the covering 
tract from. from. 

and, lastly, which is its most frequent meaning, 
it implies the simple negative,, or net 5 as 

disable, to make unable. disarm, to unarm. 

disabuse, to free from abuse disbelief, unbelief. 

or imposture. • discontent, the state of not 

disagree, not to agree. being content. 

discomfort, discourage, dishonour, disjoin, dis- 
like, disloyal, disorder, dispraise, disquiet, 
regard, disrespect. 

15. super, above : as super 'abound, super excel- 
lent, superintend, supernatural. These 
words need no distinct explanation. 

36. inter 'between, ox among : interchange, in- 
iercourse, interlard, interleave, interhne s 
intermeddle, intermix, interview. 

17* circum, round about: circumjacent, circum* 
navigate, circumlocution. 

38. preter, beyond: preternatural. 

39. contra, against : contradistinction. 

20. extra, out of, beyond: extraordinary. 

21. ante, before: antedate, antediluvian, ante* 
chamber. 

22. anti, in opposition to (this is a Greek pre-* 
position) : antichrist, a pretender to the 
powers and authority of our Saviour ; anti- 
monarchical, destructive of monarchy \ an- 
titype, the real thing, in opposition to the 
emblem by which it was figured. 

23. para (Greek), beyond, on one side, wrong: 

thus , paragraph, a writing by the side 
(this was originally used to mean a mar- 
ginal note) 5 paradox, an opinion beyond 
c3 



XXII A NEW GUTDE 

or on one side, an erroneous opinion ; pa- 
raphrase, a phrase that may be placed by 
the side, an equivalent phrase $ paramount, 
that mounts beyond ; paramour, a reci- 
procal lover. The word par, on a par 
with, comes originally fn-m this preposition. 
24. semi, demi, and hemi signifying half: as 
semicircle, semicolon, semidiameter , demi- 
god, hemisphere, 

TABLE THE THIRD. 

PREFIXES TAKEN FROM THE SAXON. 

It is disputed what was the primitive lan- 
guage, or whether the primitive language exists. 
All the languages of modern Europe are com- 
pounded from other languages. The main 
body of our English tongue is Saxon, imported 
by the Anglo-Saxons, who began their settle- 
ments in this country in the year 449, and who 
first gave to it the name of England, The 
language they found established here was the 
Latin, the country, under the name of Britan- 
nia, having been for about four hundred years a 
flourishing and valuable province of the Roman 
empire. It is doubtful however whether the 
Saxons, who were barbarians, borrowed any 
words from the speech of their predecessors. 
The greatest revolution which our language sus- 
tained, was at the time of, and a little before 
and after, the Norman Conquest. The Nor- 
mans spoke French, which, like the Spanish 
and Italian, is nothing more than the Latin lan- 
guage, changed in its accidents and accessories 
in each country, by the operation of manners 



TO THE ENGLISH TONGUE. XXIII 

and political revolutions. The additions which 
our language finally received from this source, 
will therefore be found to be almost entirely 
Latin, sometimes a little coloured by the me- 
dium through which they were communicated 
to us. 

The principal prefixes from the Saxon are as 
follows. 

1. over. This needs no explanation. Exam- 
ples : overact, overawe, overflow, overlook, 
overreach, overrule, overshadow, overween. 
% out, signifying over, leyond, or out. Ex- 
amples : out valance, outbid, outcry, out- 
grow, outlaw, outlive, outrun, outside, out- 
spread. 

3. with, signifying from, lack, away, against. 

Thus : withdraw, to draw from, or away, 
to depart, to retire, to remove \ withhold , 
to hold back - y withstand, to stand against. 

4. un. This is the most frequent preposition 

in our language, having the sense of nega- 
tion, as unlucky, ungraceful. In some of 
the northern dialects it is wan, and is pro- 
bably formed from the word want. 

5. en. This prefix is often confounded with 

the Latin in, or the French en. It has, 
however, frequently a Saxon meaning. 
En or an is the usual termination of a Saxon 
verb, and as such will presently be men- 
tioned : it is therefore sometimes used as 
a prefix, giving to a word the force of a 
verb, and signifying to make. Examples ; 

enable, to make able. endear, to make dear, or 

tncham, to make chain, or beloved. 

cause to be chained. enlarge, to make large. 

fncourage, to make coura- ennoble, to make noble, 
ge/>us, to inspire courage, enjoy, to possess joy. 



XXIV A NEW GUIDE 

6. be is also a Saxon prefix, giving the force 

of a verb to the word with which it is 
joined, Thus: becalm, to make cairn; 
befool, to make a fool of ; benumb, to make 
numb. 

Very often in modern speech it appears, when 
the word was already a verb, to add no- 
thing to the meaning : as ; bedaub, be- 
deck, befit, befriend, bespatter, besprinkle. 

Lastly, be is sometimes a corruption of the pre^ 
position by : as in the words, because, 
before, behind, and the verb become, to 
come by, or attain, a state or condition not 
possessed before. 

7. mis, signifying ill. Examples : misadve-h* 

tare, misadvise^ misapply, misbecome, mis- 
begotten, misbehave, miscal, miscalculate, 
^mischance, misconduct, misdeed, misgovern, 
misjudge, mislead, mislike, misspend, mis* 
place, misrule, mistake, mistrust. 

SECTION III. 

OF THE TERMINATION OF THE VERB. 

We now come to what is more strictly Ike 
English declension, or the system which is in 
use for varying the inflections of our words in 
their passage through the different parts of 
speech ; and we will here go through the cases 
exhibited in the first Section, in their regular 
order. 

The first is what the Latin Grammarians call 
the direct case (casus rectus), or nominative case^ 
because it stands, as they phrase it, erect, ana 
feas no bending or obliquity whatever. In the 



TO THE ENGLISH TONGUE. XXT 

scheme above delineated it is properly the sub- 
stantive case. It is taken as the primitive word, 
and needs no explanation ; for our business on 
this occasion is to look only at the changes En- 
j glish words undergo in the mouths of the En- 
glish people, and not to recur, systematically at 
leasts or of set purpose, to what they were before 
they became English. 

The second case is the verb. 

An English substantive often becomes a verb, 
without any alteration, either in prefix or ter- 
mination. After having served its purpose as a 
substantive, the people, whose property it is, 
have usurped it as a verb, and treated it as such, 
because such was their pleasure. When this 
lias been done extensively, and for a length of 
time, it then becomes correct, and a law of 
language 5 for there are no courts in which pre- 
cedent, a precedent which for term of years 
has been submitted to, and passed unquestion- 
ed, is of more absolute authority, than in the 
courts of language. 

The following are instances of the substan- 
tive thus becoming a verb : love, hate, account, 
adventure, affront, amount, answer, ape, assent, 
delate, dispute, ease, ebb, embrace, encounter, 
endeavour, envy, escape, exchange, face, Jail, 
fancy, favour, fight, flame, floaty flock, flood, 
form. 

It does not however always happen, that the 
substantive and the verb are both to ear and eye 
the same. We have regular terminations, by 
means of which a word which before was not 
a verb, is made such* The principal of thes© 



XXVI A NEW GUIDE 

are the following; each of which may be -ex- 
plained by the phrase to make or to act. 

TABLE THE FOURTH. 

TERMINATIONS OF THE VEKB. 

1. en. This is immediately from the Saxon ; 

an being the ordinary and characteristic 
termination of the Saxon verb. Thus we 
have, heighten, happen, lengthen, darken, 
deaden, deafen, harden, fasten, fatten, les- 
sen, moisten, shorten, formed respectively 
from the words* height, hap, length, dark, 
dead, &c. See. 
The meaning of the termination is in every one 
of these instances equivalent to the phrase, 
to make. Thus,, lengthen is to make long; 
heighten, to make high 3 darken, to make 
dark, &c. 

2. ate. This is a very frequent termination of 

the English verb : the majority however 
of verbs with this termination, were not 
English words previously to their receiving 
it. The following are instances to the 
contrary : 

alienate, to make alien. criminate, to charge with 
assassinate, to act the as- crime. 

sassin. fabricate, to make a fabric. 
personate, to act the person. 

It may be of some use to remark here, that 
verbs in ate draw after them a family of 
terminations in ant, or,ory, acy, ation, and 
lye ; as for example, from operate, come 



TO THE ENGLISH TONGUE", XXVU 

operant 9 operator , and operation-, from de- 
rogate, derogatory ; from expiate, expia- 
tory ; from intimate, intimacy ; and from 
contemplate, contemplative: all these inflec- 
tions are from the Latin. Of each further 
in its place. 

3. he, or ise. Examples: 

evologize,to make apology, moralize.) to talk morality.. 
equalize, to make equal. methodize, to put in me- 
familiarize, to make f ami- thod. 

liar. patronize, to act the pa- 

fertilize, to make fertile. tron. 

immortalize, to make im- tyrannize, to act the ty- 

mortal. rant. 

ize is a Greek termination : it produces ist m 
the personal substantive, and ism in the 
sul si antive of the thing. Examples: lap- 
ike, baptist, lapiism ; catechize, catechist, 
catechism; anglicize, anglicist, anglicising 
apology, apologist; criticize, criticism. 

4, ify, oxfy. Examples : 

htaulxfy* to make beauti- justify* to make or prove 

ffuL just. 

diversify, to make diverse, signify, to make sign. 

ify is a Latin termination of which we cut off 
a part : in the original it is ifico ; as signi* 
Jico. We therefore retain soxnefhing 
more of the original word in some of the 
descendants of the verb ; as sigriificdfion^ 
justification. 

SECTION IV. 

OF THE TERMINATION OF THE ADJECTIVE. 

TABLE THE FIFTH. 

ADJECTIVE TERMINATIONS FROM THE LATIN. ► 

The third case is the adjective. Of this there 



XXVlIt A NEW GUIDE 

are many terminations. The most frequent of 
those borrowed from the Latin are these : 

1. ant. This is purely the active participle of 

the Latin language, changing ans into ant. 
It may therefore best be explained by 
the English participle in ing. Examples: 
abundant, (abounding), attendant, con~ 
versant, discordant, important, pleasant ', 
pursuant, repentant, triumphant . — The 
reader will remark that no instances are 
here given, but of words that remain pure 
English when the termination is removed. 

2. ent. This is the Latin participle under an- 

other form. Examples: adherent confident, 
consistent, correspondent, dependent, dif- 
ferent, excellent, indulgent, provident, resi- 
dent, reverent, transcendent. 

3. ous. This is merely the Latin termination 

in Us, the most frequent termination of the 
Latin adjective, its meaning is the same 
as that of the two preceding, and may be 
expressed by the word having, or being. 
jft is also an abbreviation of osus, a corn- 
jhon Latin termination for the adjective of- 

flenty. Examples : advantageous, adven- 
irous, covetous, courageous, dangerous* 
-fabulous j famous, hazardous, marvellous 9 
m^aculous, murderous, perilous, poisonous, 
riditulous, riotous, ruinous, venomous, vi- 
gorous, villainous, virtuous. N. B. There 
is a considerable resemblance between this 
termination, and the Saxon word wist, 
(manner) $ ;*)d thus in old English it was 
customary to write rightwise for righteous. 
The eight following adjective terminations, 
borrowed from the Latin, appear uniformly to 



TO THE ENGLISH TONGUE. XXIX 

bear the meaning, of, or belonging to the sub- • 
stantive from which they are formed. 

1. an. As, Christian, European, presbyterian, 

republican. 

2. ine. As, adamantine, amaranthine, coralline, 

serpentine. 

3. or. As, angular, circular, oracular, particu- 

lar, singular, titular. N. B. Each of these 
words formed from angle, circle, oracle, 
particle, singly title respectively, takes the 
u in the last syllable but one, in conform!* 
ty to the idiom of the Latin from which 
they are taken. 

4. ary. As, alimentary, customary, discre- 

tionary, elementary, honorary, imaginary, 
legendary, momentary, parliamentary, pla- 
netary, probationary, secondary, stationary, 
supplementary, testamentary, visionary. 

5. ory. As, conciliatory, contradictory , contri- 

butory, dedicatory, derogatory , mandatory, 
prohibitory, promissory, propitiatory, The 
adjectives in ory are all formed from a per- 
sonal substantive in or, English or Latin, 
with the addition of the syllable?/. See 
the Personal Substantive in the sixth sec- 
tion. 

15. ic. As, angelic, balsamic, choleric, classic, 
despotic, heroic, metallic, pedantic, pQgfrc, 
prophetic, seraphic. 

f. al. As, brutal, central, ducal } fatal, for- 
mal, national r natural, original, pastoral, 
patriarchal, personal. 

8. ical. As, democratical, farcical, lyrical^ 
methodical, nonsensical, puritanical, sophis- 
tical, spherical. 



XXX. A NEW GUIDE 

These remaining adjective terminations from 
the Latin, belong to numerous and impor- 
tant, families of words respectively. 

1. ive. This termination usually signifies that 

can do or is qualified to perform the thing 
expressed by the original word : it may, 
therefore, aptly be denominated the active 
potential. Examples : copulative, expen- 
sive, expressive, indicative, instructive, w'o- 
minative, offensive, oppressive, repulsive. 

2. able. This termination signifies that can or 

is worthy to hear, suffer, or receive the 
thing expressed by the original word : it 
may be styled the passive potential. Ex- 
amples : admirable, adorable, I tameable, 
changeable, commendable, conceivable, con- 
siderable, deplorable, desirable, enviable, 
estimable, honourable, inflammable, laud- 
able, moveable, notable, payable, perish- 
able, pitiable ) preferable, questionable, re* 
markable, reputable, valuable. 

3. ible. This is merely a variation of the fore- 

going. Examples : accessible, contemp- 
tible, corruptible, deducible, defensible, di- 
gestible, discernible, forcible, incontrover- 
tible, inexpressible, irresistible, responsible, 
sensiole. 

4. He. An abbreviation for ible. This is a very 

common termination,- but is, I believe* 
annexed to only one word which would re- 
main strictly English when the termination 
was struck off: viz. projectile. 



TO THE ENGLISH TONGUE, XXXI 

TABLE THE SIXTH. 

ADJECTIVE TERMINATIONS FROM THE SAXON. 

l.ful. This termination still retains its place 
as an independent English word, and needs 
no explanation. Examples : artful, aw+ 
ful, bashful, beautiful, cheerful, de- 
lightful 

2. some, in nearly the same sense 5 somewhat, 

having some portion of. Examples : bur- 
thensome, frolicsome, irksome, loathsome, 
tiresome, troublesome. 

3. rhost. Examples : hindmost, foremost, out- 

most, inmost, uppermost , lo ermost. 

4. ward is derived from a Saxon verb fwdr-* 

diar,) to look, and signifies in the direction 
of or looking toward. Examples : for- 
ward, backward, westward, northward, 
homeward, heavenward. 

5. ly is in all ca^es an abbreviation for like* 

Examples : beggarly, costly, court ly, cow- 
ardly, daily, dearly, elderly, fatherly, 
godly, goodly, homely, leisurely, lively, 
lonely, lordly, lovely, lowly, wanly, beast- 
ly, portly, princely, seemly, shapely, sickly, 
stalely, timely, weekly ', yearly. 
6- y. This termination appears to express 
< plenty of that of which the primitive 15 
the name. Examples : wealthy , healthy, 
mighty, worthy, witty, watery, earthy, 
woody, airy, hearty. 

P2 



XXX11 A NEW GUID« 

SECTION V, 

OF THE NEGATIVE ADJECTIVE. 

The fourth case in the scheme of declension 
above exhibited is the negative adjective, or the 
adjective so inflected, as to express the negation 
of those qualities, which the adjective of the 
former case affirmed. 

This is formed in two ways : either by the 
prefix un or in, or by the termination less. The 
former has been already explained. Less is 
the imperative of the Saxon verb, lesan, to 
dismiss, or take away. Each of the declensions 
given in the first section is an example of the 
use of this termination. 

SECTION VI. 

OF THE PERSONAL SUBSTANTIVE. 

TABLE THE SEVENTH. 

TERMINATIONS OF THE PERSONAL SUBSTAN- 
TIVE. 

The fifth case which occurs in our declensions 
is the substantive of the person. Its principal 
terminations are the following. 
1 . er. This may be considered as the genuine 
English termination of the personal sub- 
stantive. It is the German pronoun of the 
third person, answering to our he : the ex- 
planation therefore is, accuser, he that 
accuses, &c. Examples : accuser, adviser, 
believer, blunderer, borrower, boxer, buyer $ 
seller 3 farmer , jester > printer. 



TO THE ENGLISH TONGUE. XXXiU 

2. ar. This seems merely a variety of the fore- 

going. Examples : beggar, Liar, scholar. 

3. or is a Latin -termination, bearing the same 

sense, and no doubt derived from the same 
source, as the two preceding examples : 
collector, conductor, conqueror, creditor, 
debtor, director, preceptor. 

4. ary is also no un frequent termination of the 

personal substantive, and may probably be 
referred to the foregoing. Examples : 
adversary, missionary , noiary, pensionary, 
prebendary, secretary, sectary, statuary , 
visionary. 

5. eer is merely a variation of the termina- 

tion er, for the sake of the more agreeable 
sound. Examples : auctioneer, charioteer, 
. engineer, mountaineer, mutineer, overseer, 
pioneer, scrutineer, sonndeer, volunteer. 

0. an is one of the signs of the possessive case in 
the Saxon language : as a termination it 
may be explained, he that is of, or belong* 
ing to. Examples : grammarian, hista* 
rian, republican, Mahometan, Ariq?i, Socu 
nian, Lutheran, Arminian. 

f, 8. ant and ent have already been mentioned 
as adjective terminations. Words with 
these terminations, when they usurp the 
character of substantives, are in all in- 
stances substantives of the person. Ex- 
amples : annuitant, appellant, assailant n 
assistant, attendant, claimant, combatant^ 
communicant, complainant, defendant, de- 
pendant, descendant, disputant, expect* 
Wit, inhabitant, protestant, servant, ao\^ 
X>3 



XXXIV A NEW GUIDE 

herent, correspondent, respondent, president ';. 
student. 

9. 1st has already been mentioned as the ter- 

mination of the personal substantive from 
verbs in he. Examples : anglicist, bap- 
tist, catechist, apologist, sophist, Calvinist. 

10. ite is also a Greek termination. Examples : 

anchorite, Areopagite, eremite (Milton, now 
hermit), hypocrite. The most familiar in- 
stance in which it is the termination of a 
word otherwise English, occurs in fa- 
vourite. It is also used in the names of 
sets and parties of men, as Bedlamite, 
Carmelite, Pittite, Foxite. 

1 1 . ard is a German word, signifying nature, 

temperament, or disposition; and in this 
sense it forms the termination of seve- 
ral of our personal substantives ; as, drunk- 
ard, sluggard, dotard, niggard. 

12. ster is always a termination of the per- 
sonal substantive, and seems intended to 
express the exercise of some art or pro- 
fession. Examples : barrister, chorister, 

1 gamester, maltster, punster, songster; tap- 

ster, youngster. 

SECTION VII; 

OF THE SUBSTANTIVE OF THE THING. 

1 am not perfectly satisfied with this name 
for the sixth case of the English declension, as it 
does not enough mark the distinction between 
this sase, and the casus rectus, or primitive word, 



TO THE ENGLISH TONGUE. XXXV 

to which all our inflections refer. Wallis, the 
acutest of the writers on English Grammar, de- 
nominates it the abstract substantive. Mean- 
while, the term here given has the advantage in 
point of simplicity, and most obviously marks 
the distinction between the fifth and the sixth 
case, or the two great classes of compound sub- 
stantives in the English language. It mignt 
also be denominated the neuter substantive. 

TABLE THE EIGHTH. 

TERMINATIONS OF THE SUBSTANTIVE OF THE 
THING, FROM THE LATIN. 

It is difficult to set up a very accurate distinct 
tion between the different meanings of these 
terminations , and I believe no one has yet at- 
tempted to trace them to their origin, and ex- 
plain how they came to have the signification 
they bear, in their present state of union with 
the primitives with which we find them co- 
alesced. The two senses in which they are 
principally employed, are, 1. that 01 the thi ng 
done, or result of the verb, particular. y when a 
verb is the part of speech on which they are 
immediately built : thus we have command- 
ment, the result of commanding ; amendment, 
the result of amending; chastisement, the re- 
sult of chastising, &c. 2. The second sense is 
that which expresses a state, or condition of 
being in correspondence with the sense ot the 
original word : this happens particularly when 
the neuter substantive is built upon an aajec- 
tive : thus piety is the state of being pious; 
purity, the state of being pure-, rarity, the state 



XXXVI A NEW GUIDE 

of being rare, &c. The distinction between 
these two senses will often be a matter of great 
subtlety , and of consequence the first meaning 
not rarely runs into the second. Thus, retire- 
ment, enjoyment, amazement, contentment, &c. 
rather imply the state of being retired, &c, than 
any result of the act of retiring, wondering, or 
being cot tented. The neuter substantive has 
also sometimes a meaning which does not faU 
under either of these heads, 

The principal terminations of the sixth case, 
or substantive of the thing, furnished by the La- 
tip language, are the following. 

1. ment. Examples : abatement, accomplish-? 

merit, agreement, allurement, amusement, 
argument, atonement, banishment, com* 
wencement, discernment, employment, e»- 
gagejnent, government, imprisonment, judg- 
ment, merriment, movement, nourishment, 
pavement, payment, punishment, refine* 
ment, refreshment, resentment, settlement, 
treatment, 

2. mony, as matrimony, parsimony, testimony, 

This termination is not affixed to any word 
previously English. It seemed however 
too conspicuous to be omitted. 

3. ity. Examples: ability, absurdity, adver- 

sity, divinity, docility, durability, facility, 
fertility , formality , frugality , gravity, hu- 
manity, intrepidity, legality, liberality, 
morality , mortality, mutability, partiality, 
prodigality , rapidity, sensibility, sincerity, 
solemnity, solidity, sublimity, venality, vir- 
ginity, 

4. ty* Examples : casualty, certainty, cruelty^ 



TO THE ENGLISH TONGUE. XXXV11 

frailty, loyalty, nicely, penalty, royalty, 
anxiety, gaiety, propriety, sobriety. 

5j 6, 7> 8, 9. ation, ition, tion, sion, ion. 
These terminations usually imply the thing 
done, or result of the verb Examples : 
5. defamation, formation, foundation, invi- 
tation, proclamation, publication, quota- 
tion, 6, addition, definition, disposition, 
opposition, proposition, supposition. J. de- 
duction, production, reduction, seduction 
(in these the final e of the primitive is 
struck off, and c hard changed into c soft), 
consumption, presumption, redemption (in 
these the p is interposed for the sake 
of producing a more agreeable sound). 
8. apprehension, decision, delusion, deri- 
sion, division, explosion, persuasion, provi- 
sion, admission, permission, -submission (in 
the first eight of these instances a d, 
and m the latter three a t, is stru'ck off, 
previously to their receiving the termina- 
tion). 9. communion, rebellion, creation, 
meditation, vindication, relation, action, 
distraction, direction, election, aversion, 
confusion, dispersion, precision, dismission, 
oppression, possession, profession. 

£0, 11, 12, 13. ance, ence, ancy, ency, form 
the neuter substantive from the adjective 
in ant and ent. They express the state or 
condition of being in correspondence with 
the sense of the adjective. Examples : 
abundance, discordance, importance, confi- 
dence, difference, excellence, constancy, 
poignancy, pregnancy, clemency, decency, 
tendency^ 



xxxviii A NfeW GUIDE 

14. ice, signifying the th'mg done, or result of 
the verb j as, service, edifice, cote ar dice. 
Several English substantives end in ace, 
formed from Latin nouns in atium,as the 
substantives in ice are taken from nouns in 
it'rum ; but none of the substantives in ace 
have an English primitive to which they 
can be referred. 

15. tide, tude or ■ itude, signifying the state or 
condition of being in correspondence with 
their primitives. Examples : longitude, 
servitude, solicitude 

16. ure. Neuter substantives with this termi- 
nation stand for the most part in con- 
tradistinction to the personal substantives 
in er or or ; as, composer, composure 5 
creator, creature 5 impostor, imposture; 
pastor, posture ; sculptor, sculpture. 

ism is a termination from the Greek : ex- 
amples of this termination have already 
been given under No. 8, of terminations 
of the personal substantive. 

age is a termination from the Erench, respect- 
ing which it is difficult to say any thing 
sufficiently comprehensive. The words 
age, cage, rage, are, I believe, purely 
French in their structure 5 yet the Romans 
have the termination in the word svffra- 
gium, suffrage : stage, and other similar 
words, are probably a corruption of the 
Latin termination alio, as in statio: and 
sage and image, from sagax and imago 
which bear the same meaning, are formed, 
according to the practice of the French 
and English, by cutting off a part of their 



TO THE ENGLISH TONGUE. XXXiX 

primitives, and were probably recom- 
mended to the ear, by thus accidentally 
acquiring a termination, which was already 
familiar. 

TABLE THE NINTH. 

TERMINATIONS OF THE SUBSTANTIVE OF THE 
THING, FROM THE SAXON. 

1. head. When we reflect on the nature of the 
abstract or collective substantive, nothing 
can be more obvious and simple than the 
addition of this syllable to the primitive, 
to make such a substantive. r Ihe cha- 
racter of a collective name is, to serve as 
a head under which to class all particu- 
lars of that kind. Thus lien is a general 
name for all animals of that species j 
quadruped is a general name comprehend- 
ing all manner of four-footed beasts ; and 
animal is a general name expressive of all 
living creatures, whether with two legs, 
or four, or more, or none, whether walk- 
ing, flying, creeping, or swimming. These 
are general heads, which answer our pur- 
pose, for ranging together a variety of in- 
dividuals that resemble each other in one 
or more particulars, for turning the 
thoughts of him with whom we speak to 
a general notion of this sort, and for en- 
abling us to affirm or deny something re- 
specting ail at once. It is on this- prin- 
ciple that such words are formed, as god- 
head, maidenhead. 



Xl A NEW GUIDE 

2. hood, (as being formed from the same 

verb, to heave-, heaven, the sky heaved, 
or elevated over our heads; head, the 
part of the body which is heaved or highest °, 
hove, hoved, hov'd, hood, past tense or 
participle,) appears to have had original- 
ly the same meaning with head, though 
in process of time it has come, in its mo- 
nosyllabic state, to mean the covering of the 
head. It is from its oldest sense that it 
obtained its place in the composition of 
words, as in brotherhood, falsehood, knight- 
hood, likelihood, manhood, neighbourhood, 
priesthood, widowhood. 

3. ship. Nothing can be more essential in ex- 

plaining the descent of words, and the 
manner in which they pass from one 
language and one signification to another, 
than the considering the affinity of letters, 
and the gradations by which they become 
substituted for each other. C and q, 
which with us are pronounced dirlerent- 
. ly, were by the ancients always sounded 
like k. It has long since been remarked 
that letters pronounced by the same or- 
gan, are apt to slide into each other: 
thus g hard, (agreeably to the ancient 
pronunciation) became k, and h was made 
p, &c, Thus the words, shake and quake, 
shiver and quiver, short and curt, shrink 
and cringe, shy and coy, however different 
they appear to us now, were originally 
the same : and thus the Latin word for 
head, caput, is in German kopf, and in 
French chef and has furnished the Dutch 



TO THE ENGLISH TONGUE. xli 

termination schap, the Danish skab, the 
Saxon scipe, and the English scape, skip 
and ship. Through all these gradations, 
the meaning (head) is still the same j and 
thus this termination appears to be ex- 
actly synonimous with the two preceding, 
[Booth's Introduction to an Analytical 
Dictionary.] Examples : landscape, land- 
skip, fellowship, friendship, guardianship, 
lordship, partnership, stewardship, ward- 
ship. 

4. ness. This termination is understood to 
come from the Latin nasus, the original 
of, and of the same meaning as, our nose. 
In geography the word is aptly and na- 
turally applied to signify a promontory or 
nose of land : as Sheerness, Dungeness, 
Inverness, Caithness, &c. In forming a 
general name it easily came to signify the 
same as head, the nose being the principal 
or leading member of the head, as the head 
is the leading member of the body. Ex- 
amples : acuteness, abstruseness, greatness, 
hardness, softness. 

£. dom. This is probably formed from the 
Latin word domus, a house, and is used 
in the same sense as the four preceding. 
Metaphorically house is employed to sig- 
nify place or residence in general; thus we 
kave the houses of the planets ; and thus 
we might say the houses of animals, vege- 
tables, fossils, &c, instead of saying, in 
the language used by the writers of natural 
history, the animal kingdom, the vegetable 



xlli A NEW GUIDE 

kingdom j the fossil kingdom. The an- 
cients, in their scheme of artificial me- 
mory, assigned to each idea a separate 
apartment in an imaginary building; and 
thus they might have styled these apart- 
ments the house or residence of the se- 
veral ideas. In the same manner house is 
used as synonimous with family, as the 
house of Brunswick, the house of Stuart, 
the house of Tudor It is by this train of 
thinking that we have come by such words, 
as Christendom, dukedom, earldom, free- 
dom, kingdom, martyrdom, thraldom, 
wisdom.^* These two last terminations, 
though coming from the Latin, seem to 
be properly placed here, as they were never 
used by the Romans for terminations, and 
it is from the Saxon that we have received 
them. 
6. t is the termination of many of the 
nouns formed from English verbs. It is 
then the past participle, originally written 
ed, but conformably to the genius of the 
English language, which for ever aims 
at contraction, abbreviated into t. In- 
stances of such participles we have in 

burned, burnt. mixed, mixt. 

checKed, ckeckt. snatched, snatckt. 

di earned, dreamt. passed, past. 
dwelled, dwelt. 

When the participle is used absolutely as a 
substantive, we may conceive in the gramma- 
tical resolution of the sentence, the word thing 
as understood : thus gift is the thing given, or 



TO THE ENGLISH TONGUE. xlili 

gived. It will also frequently signify the act 
performed. Thus we have 

theft from thieved, 
cleft from cleaved, 
rift from rived. 



drift from driyedL 
complaint from complained. 
constraint from constrained. 
j'Ant from joined, 
impost from imposed, 
desert from deserved, 
receipt from received. 
postscript from postscriled. 
manuscript from mauu- 

scribed, 
suit from sweri. 
pursuit from pursued, 
conceit from conceived, 
deceit from deceived. 



portrait from pourtrayed. 

assault horn assailed. 

fault from failed. 

iceight from weighed. 

height from highed. 

sight from see-ed. 

draught or rfra/if from 
draived. 

though* (formed like 
wrought for worked, and 
bought for buyed) from 
thi?iked. 

and tefl (the left hand) 
from leaved, (being cbe 
hand most frequently 
unemployed, or /e/2.) 



7- /A is probably nothing more than another 
variation of the past participle, the A being 
added for the more easy pronunciation* 
Thus 

lengihh longed (longt,lengt.) warmth is warmed, 

strength is stronged. dearth is deared. 

breadth is hroaded. sloth is slowed, 

width is wided. health is healed, 

depth is deeped. stealth is stealed. 

truth. tmwed (trew being r?^h is n<ed. 

the obsolete past tense, filth isfled. 

as / blow, 1 blew, the cock tilth is tilled. 

craws, the cock crew.) 

S. ing is obviously the termination of the im- 
perfect participle, and all the words with 
this termination, except the cdmpc 
of the word thing, &c, were verb^, pre- 
viousiy to their receiving this additi . al 
syllable. Take for example the names 
e 2 



xllV A NEW GUIDE 

of the five senses, seeing, hearing, feeling, 
tasting, and smelling, and the following, 
wedding, building, lodging, shipping, 
rigging, learning, lightening, understand- 
ing, misunderstanding. 
g. r and re (ry) are in some of the northern 
languages signs of the possessive case. 
Hence we form our possessive pronouns, 
your from you, their from they, her and 
our 5 and hence the terminations of many 
of our neuter substantives, in the sense of 
that which is of or belonging to. Exam- 
ples : .saucer, prayer, wager, dinner, sup- 
per, trencher, remainder. 

10. ry, as has been already hinted, is a va- 
riation of the same termination, and the 
explanation is the same. Examples : 
bravery, bigotry, bribery, buffoonery, chi- 
canery, cookery, chymistry, deaconry, 
deanery, drollery, drudgery, fnery, foolery, 

foppery, gunnery, imagery, knavery, ma- 
chinery, masonry, nunnery, nursery, out- 
lawry, pleasantry, quackery, raillery, re- 
velry , rivalry, roguery, rookery, scenery, 
slavery, sophistry, yeomanry. 

11. y taken singly, frequently seems to be 

a termination of much the same force as 
the preceding : thus, from adjectives or 
personal substantives in ate, we have neuter 
substantives in acy, the t being changed 
into c, as accuracy, confederacy, degene- 
racy, effeminacy, intimacy, magistracy, 
olstinacy, privacy : by the same change, 
from prophet, secret, poet, hypocrite, we 
form prophecy, secrecy, poesy, hypocrisy : 



TO THE ENGLISH TONGUE. xlv 

and in a few instances we have the y un- 
accompanied by any change of the primi- 
tive word j as, smithy, villainy. 

SECTION vni. 

The seventh case of the English declension 
is the adverb. 

TABLE THE TENTH. 

TERMINATIONS OF THE ADVERB. 

1. The great and almost universal termination 

of the English compound adverb, is ly, 
signifying like This occurs already in 
most of the examples of declensi6n ex- 
hibited in the first section, as shamefully, 
artfully , joy fully , needfully, usefully, vari- 
ably. 

2. ward. This termination has already been 

given in the chapter of adjectives, and was 
there explained to mean in the direction of 
or looking toward. Perhaps all words 
with this termination were originally ad- 
verbs, though by the ordinary licence of 
speech they have come to be frequently 
used as adjectives. Examples : backward, 
forward, upward, downward, inward, 
outward, windward, leeward, toward, on- 
ward, afterward, heavenward. 

3. 4. ivise and ways, in the sense of manner. 

Jt is thus used as a distinct word in our 
English translation of the Bible. The birth 
of Jesus Christ ivas on this wise. Ex- 
amples of its use in the compound ad- 
verb are, likewise, otherwise, always, 
straightway. 

e3 



Xhi A NEW GUIDE 

CONCLUSION. 

Thus, sir, I have endeavoured to lay before 
you, and to illustrate as well as I was able, a 
new, and perhaps a valuable, conception re- 
specting the analogy of the English language. 
Many an -acute observation on grammar, in- 
teresting to the reader's mind, and full of inter- 
nal evidence and conviction, is apt to fade from 
the memory of the student, because there is 
nothing in the word observed on, for ever to 
link the word and the observation together. 
Perhaps this simple development of the En- 
glish declension may experience a better fate, 
and be of more extensive utility, because it is 
built on prefixes and terminations, solid and 
tangible parts of the words themselves, which 
as they must be for ever recurring to every one 
who speaks the English tongue, may not un- 
reasonably be expected to bring back with them 
the theory which they have dictated. 

I am not so inconsiderate as to imagine, that 
I have done enough to enable a foreigner to 
coin, or precisely to call up the adjective, the 
personal substantive, and the neuter substan- 
tive, of every primitive, in the same manner as 
the Latin and Greek declensions will, for the 
most part, enable the learner to form for him- 
self the genitive, the dative, and the accusative 
cases of the nouns of those languages. There 
is necessarily much more of irregularity in the 
present instance: the analogy by which different 
parts of speech are formed out of each other, 
is much less obvious, and therefore subject to 
laws less strict and severe, than the analogy by 
which the oblique cases of nouns are formed 



TO THE ENGLISH TONGUE. xlvtf 

from the direct, or the tenses and persons of 
verbs from the parent verb. The instances also 
are much more frequent of what grammarians 
call words defective, that is, words in which one 
and another case is non-existent, and want- 
ing to complete the circle of declension. These 
illustrations will more effectually answer the 
purpose of assisting the stranger to trace back 
the derivative to its root, and to take away the 
sign of the adjective case, the ptrsonal substan- 
tive cr.se, the neuter substantive case, or the ad- 
verb case, with which he has previously been 
made acquainted. But, where it answers 
neither of these purposes, it will yet afford the 
essential service, of distributing the words of 
the English language into families, of showing 
the unlearned and vernacular student by how 
easy and natural laws the substantive, the verb, 
the adjective, the personal substantive, and the 
adverb, engender and are affiliated with each 
other, and of making him practically sensible 
how fully this wonderful art of articulate com- 
munication, is subjected to the principles of ana- 
logy. It is no small thing if a delineation of this 
sort proves the occasion of leading the pupil into 
the philosophy of language, and inspiring him 
with the inclination to dissect his words, and 
thus to purify and clear, from incidental in- 
cumbrances, and the imaginary empire of a 
lawless caprice, the primary and secondary ideas 
they represent. 

The cases however are very different, of a 
foreigner, and a pupil who has been accustom- 
ed from childhood to the use of the English 
larguage, in hearing, in speaking, and in read- 



Xlviil A NEW GUIDE , 

ing. A boy of ten or twelve years of age will 
generally be found sufficiently competent to 
decide what are and what are not English words, 
and to choose among the possible inflections 
agreeably to the Tables in the first Section, 
which are cases in established use, being such 
as have frequently met his eye and his ear, and 
which are either wholly inadmissible, or of so; 
rare occurrence and singular aspect, as scarcely 
to be accounted parts of the genuine English 
language. To such a boy it would be found 
exceedingly improving, if the master were to 
give him from time to time for his exercise some 
primitive fertile in branches and varieties (such, 
for example, as hard, soft, fat, thin, fast, loose, 
sweet, sour, live, dead, sick, doubt, wit, peace, 
lead, like, offend, suffer, form, mourn, and 
indeed a great majority of the genuine primi- 
tives of our language), and cause him to write 
it out with its cases and inflections, in some- 
what the same manner as the boys in our clas- 
sical schools write out the trees (as they are used 
to call them) of their Greek nouns and verbs : 
the Tables in the first Section would of course 
serve him for a model. The task of the scholar 
would consist of two things; first, to put down 
the substantive, the verb, the adjective, the 
negative adjective, the substantive of the per- 
son, the substantive of the thing, and the ad- 
verb, unless when his root was defective in any 
one of these ; and secondly, when his root pro- 
duced any given case with two or more varieties 
of form, to put down those varieties. The 
pupil would trip at first, but the master would 
"easily correct his errors : it would perhaps be 



TO THE ENGLISH TONGUE. xllX 

desirable, that the pupil should begin with 
being too copious, and that the master on the 
other hand should even exceed in scruple in 
deciding, This term is not English, or is un- 
authorised, or unusual. The learner would 
thus easily, and by a process comparatively 
simple and short, become practised in an ac- 
quaintance with the treasures, the extent, the 
limits, and the genius of his native tongue. 
His taste would be refined, and his powers of 
discrimination as to the vehicle of human crea- 
tures for communicating their thoughts, rapidly 
improved. 

Nothing can be more injurious to the im- 
provement of the youthful mind, than the 
loading the memories of children with great 
quantities of uninteresting and perplexing detail. 
When I recollect this, I tremble in committing 
these pages to the press. It would be wholly sub- 
versive of every pleasure I might enjoy as an 
author, if I am to anticipate the maledictions 
which their lips, formed for innocence and 
smiles, are to pour out against me. I who 
have been hitherto hailed by children as their 
friend, I hope shall never come to be regarded 
by them as their enemy. Meanwhile I am 
fully persuaded, that the most auspicious effects 
will arise from a method opposite to that which 
I deprecate. Cause the child to find amusement 
in his speculations, and his mind will expatiate 
in them freely, and they will still continue 
to be the favourites of his riper years. Directing 
myself by this idea, I ihink the Tables of 
declensions in the first Section might without 
injury be committed to memory. It would also 
be an easy and agreeable task, to set the child 



1 A NEW GUIDE TO THE ENGLISH TONGUE. 

to separate the primitive from the compound 
word, throughout these pages. For the re- 
maining Tables, except the first, it will suffice 
for them to be consulted, without being learned 
by rote. To consult them will be pleasure ; 
to commit them to memory would be a dreary 
and heart-breaking task. The pupil will then 
with facility be brought to draw out freshTables 
of declensions, agreeably to the method re- 
commended in the preceding paragraph. 

lam perfectly aware of the great imperfec- 
tions with which this Essay is accompanied. 
Yet I think some indulgence will be shown me, 
when it is recollected that no person has yet in 
any instance brought forward to view the ge- 
nuine English declension, and that scarcely any 
attempt has been made to class the terminations 
of our tongue *. It is highly desirable that the 
English language should be completely and ac- 
curately distributed in this respect under its 
proper heads, and that the meanings of our 
terminations should be distinctly traced and 
fully explained. This task would yet demand 
a wide tribute of patient industry, and a fami- 
liar acquaintance with the sources, not only of 
our own and the Saxon, but also of the Latin 
language. It is an office, perhaps too laborious 
to be accomplished by any single genius,, and is 
only to be expected from the nappy and concor- 
dant operations of many grammarians. 

I am, sir, your most obedient servant, 

EDWARD BALDWIN. 

* I am certainly aware that declejisions similar to 
this, might be formed in the learned and in all other 
languages. I have nevertheless named it the genuine 
finglish declension, because our la?iguage has ?iothing 
else that deserves the name. 



Just Published hy M. J. Gonwix, 

AT THE 

JUVENILE LIBRARY, No. 41, SKINNER-STREET, 
LONDON. 



1. THE JUNIOR CLASS BOOK; or READ- 
ING LESSONS FOR EVERY DAY IN THE 
YEAR. Selected from the most approved Au- 
thors. For the Use of Schools. 

By William Frederic Mylius. 
Price 4s. bound. 

2. MRS. LEICESTER'S SCHOOL ; or The 
HISTORXof SEVERAL YOUNG LADIES, 

Related by Themselves : with a beautiful Fron- 
tispiece. The Second Edition. Price 3s. 6d. 

3. POETRY for CHILDREN, Entirely Original. 
By the Author of Mrs. Leicester's School. In 2 
volumes, price 3s. 

4. HISTORY of ROME : from the Building of 
the City to the Ruin of the Republic. Illustrated 
with Maps and Other Plates. For the Use of 
Schools and Young Persons. By Edward 
Baldwin, Esq. Price 4s. 

Also, by the same Author, 

1. FABLES ANCIENT and MODERN, in two 
volumes, 12mo, with ,3 engravings, price 8s. ; 
or in one volume, neatly bound, 3s. 6d. 

N. B. A cheap Edition of this Work is just pub- 
lished, price 2s., for universal accommodation. 

Also the same Work in French, price 3s. 6d. 
which from its easy and natural style is peculi- 
arly eligible as a first Book in the study of that 
Language. 



Just Fublished by M. J. Godwin, 41, Skinner Street. 

2. HISTORY of ENGLAND. With Heads of 
the Kings, 4s. and 2s. 6d. 

3. THE PANTHEON, or Ancient History of the 
GODS of GREECE and ROME, with 12 En- 
gravings. A New Edition. Adopted in the 
Charter-House, and Other Principal Schools, 5s. 



Written by Charles Lamb. 

1. TALES from SHAKESPEAR, with 20 En- 
gravings, 2 vols. 8s. 

2. ADVENTURES of ULYSSES. With a su- 
perb Frontispiece, and Title-page, 4s. 



ONE SHILLING BOOKS. 

1, 2, 3. Mrs. Fenwick's Lessons for Children, or 
Rudiments of Good Manners, Morals, and Hu- 
manity. In three parts, with many engravings. 

4. Outlines of English History - } chiefly abstracted 
from the History of England, by Edward Bald- 
win, Esq. Wifh4heads in copper-plate. 

5. The Looking-Glass. A true History of the. 
early Years of an Artist.. 

6. Life of Lady Jane Grey. 



Printed ty Richard Taylor and Co., Shoe Lane, Lond&*. 



SCHOOL 

DICTIONARY. 



ABERE VIATIONS EXPLAINED. 

substantive ; a adjec ive • pron. pronoun ; v. a. verb 
active ; v. n, verb neuter ; p. a. participle active ; 
p p. participle passive ; ad. adverb ; conj. conjunction ; 
prep, preposition 3 inter], interjection; p\, plural. 



ABO 

A Is an article set before nouns of the singular number, 
as a man; a tree. Before a word beginning with 
a vowel, it is written an; as an ox. 
Abandon, v. a. to deseit; to forsake. 
Abase, v. a. to bring low ; to put down, 
Abash, v. a. to make ashamed. 
Abate, v> «• to lessen the price in selling. 
Abate, v. «. to become less, 
A'bbess, s. the chief woman of a convent. 
A'bbey, J. a convent ; a house where religions persons 
A'bbot, s. the chief man of a convent. [live together. 
Abbreviation, s. the act of shortening words by the omis- 
sion of some of their letters. 
Abdicate, v. a, to give up right ; to resign. 
Vbet, v. a. to encourage ; to help ; to assist 
IiBITSt, v. a. to hate vehemently. [quences of a thing. 
Abide, l\ a. and rc. to dwell in a place ; to bear the conse- 
A'bject, a% mean ; wretched ; worthless. 
Ability, s. power ; capacity; skill. 
Abjure, v. a. to promise upon oath not to do something. 
/\>laiu'c, a. that takes away; the sixth <;ase of the Latin 
Act, v. ha Vin g a sufficient power. [noun*, 

****! V& s. the act of washing. 
. ;, ad. in a ship. 
£ 



ABO ACC 

Ab6de, s. habitation ; dwelling place. 

Abolish, v. a. to annul ; to destroy. 

Abominable, a. hateful ; loathsome. 

Abominate, v. a. to abhor ; to detest. 

Ab6rigines, s. the earliest inhabitants of a country. 

Above, prep, higher in place, rank, or excellence ; -more 
in quantity or number. 

Abound, v. 7i. to have in great plenty. 

About, prep, near to ; relating to j encircling. 

Abreast, ad. side by side. 
^Abridge, v. a. to bring a work into a smaller compass. 

Abroad, ad. in another country ; without doors. 

A'brogare, v. a to repeal or abolish. 

Abrupt, a. sudden ; craggy ; broken. 

A'bscess, 5. a disease. 
^Abscond, v. a. to go away secretly. 

A'bsent, a. not present; inattentive. 

Abs61ve, v. a.~ to excuse ; to pardon. 

A'bsolute, a. without conditions. 

Absolution, s. a pardoning of sins. 

Abstain, v.n. to forbear; to refrain fron^ 

.Abstemious, a. temperate ; sober. 

Ab'stinence, s. great temperance. 

A'bstract, s. an abridgment of a work. 

Abstract, v. a. to shorten. 

Abstruse, a. difficult; obscure. 

Absurd, a. contrary to reason. 

Abundant, a. plentiful ; more than enough, 
- "XBuse, v. a« to revile ; to impose on, fguif. 

Aby'ss, $. a great depth ; a depth without a bottom ; a 

. a r. •• > s* the member of an academy. 
Academician, $ J 

^Academy, s. a school in which the liberal arts and sciences 

Accede, v.n, to be added to ; to come to. f are taught. 

Accelerate, v, a. to make quick ; to hasten. 

Accent,s. a mark on a word- to shew its pronunciation. 

Accent, 7). a. to pronounce a syllable with force. 

Accept, v. a. to take; to receive. 

Acc&s, s. approach ; admittance to a person or place, 

A'ccessary, s, he who, not being the chief -agent ir a 

crime, contributes to it. 

Accession, s. the act of arriving at. [of g. , 

A'ccidence, s. the first rudiments or general prin 



ACC ACT 

A'ccident, s. that which happens unforeseen* * 
Acclamation, s. shouts of applause. 
Acclivity, s. the ascent of a hill. [kind. 

Accommodate, v. a. to supply with conveniences of anj 
Acc6mpany, v. a. to join, or go with. 
Acc6mplice, s. a partaker in a crime. 
Acc6mplish, v. a. to fulfil ; to adorn. 
. Acc6mpt, s a reckoning. 
Accord, s. agreement. 

Acc6rding, p. a. agreeable to ; complying with. 
A.cc6st, v. a. to address ; to speak to another. 
Account, s. a reckoning ; a narratire; rank; a holding ia 
Accoutre, r. <z. to dress ; to equip. [repute, or opinion. 
Accrue, v.n. to increase ; to arise from. 
Accumulate, v, a. to heap together. 
A'ccuracy, s. exactness ; nicety. 
A'ccurate, c. exact ; precise. 

Accurse, v. a. to doom to misery, [soum 

Accusative, s. a term of grammar; the fourth case of a 
Accuse, v. a. to charge with a crime 3 to blame or censure* 
Accustom, v a to make frequent. 
Ace, s. an unit on cards. 
Ache,s. a continued pain ; v. a> to be in pain. 
Achieve, v. a. to perform; to finish. 
A'cid, a. sour ; sharp. 
Acknowledge, v. a. to confess ; to © vix. 
A'corn, s. the seed or fruit of an oak. 
Acquaint, v. a. to inform ; to make familiar with. 
Acquiesce, v. n. to rest in, or remain satisfied. 
Acquire, v. a. to gain by labour or study. 
Acquisition, s. the act of acquiring. 
Acquit, v. a. to set free ; to release. 
Acquittal, s. a deliverance from an accusation. 
A'cre, s. a piece of land containing 4840 square yards* 
A'crid, a. of a hot biting taste. 
A'crimony, a. sharpness; severity. 
Across, ad. athwart ; over something. 
Acr6stic, s. a poem in which the first letter of every line 

being taken, makes up the name of a person or thing. 
Act, 5. a deed ; an exploit; a decree. 
Act, 0, a, to do ; to perform ; to represent. 
Act, v. 71. to be in motion; not to rest. 
Vctiun, s gesture in speaking ; a thing done. 
B2 



ACT ADO 

A'ffor, 5. he that performs any thing ; a player, 
Aetna!, a. real; true ; positive. 
A'etu't. , v. a, to put in act on. 
• Acv"c, a sharp ; ingenious; keen. 
A'dage 5. a maxim ; a proverb. 
A y damant, s. a diamond ; the loadstone. 
Adapt, v c, to fii ; to suit ; to proportion. 
Add, v. a. to join something to that which was before. 
A'drier, s, a serpent ; a poisonous reptile. 
Addict, v. a. to devote ; to dedicate. 
Addition, s. an add.ngto; increase ; the ar^meticai ruie 

for adding surrs together. 
Additional, a. that which is aided. 

Address, s. skill ; dexterity ; manner of directing a letter. 
Address, v. a. to apply to another bywords. 
jj:« ■+ Adept, s. a person well skilled in an art. 

A'dequate, a, equal to ; proportionate. [or opinion. 

Adhere, v. n. to stick to ; to remain firmly fixed to a party 

Adherent, s. a follower ; a partisan. 

Adhesion, s. the act or state of sticking to something. 

Adjacent, a, near, or bordering upon. 

A'djective, s. a word added to a substantive, to denote its 

Adi6u, ad, farewell. [quality, as good, bad. 

Adj6urn, i'. a. to put off for a time. 

Adjudge, i\ a. to decree; to pass sentence. 

Adjudication, s. a judgment or decree. 

Adjust, v. a, to regulate ; to put in order. 

A'djutant, s. an inferior officer, [tain quantity* 

Admeasurement, s, measuring according to rule ; a cer- 

Administer, 71. o. to give ; to supply ; to perform. 

Administration, s. the act of administering; persons to 

whom the care of public affairs is committed. 
Administrator, s. he who manages the affairs of a perspn 

dying without a will. 
A'dmiral, s. an officer who has the government of the 

king's navy ; the chief commander of a fleet. 
A'dmiraltv, s. the officers appointed for the administration 
Admire, v. a. to regard with wonder. [of nava! affair*'. 
Admissible, a» which may be allowed. > 

Ad mis -i tn, s. the power of entering. 
Adu.i!:, v. a. to give entrance; to acknowledge the justice 
Admonish, v. a to warn. [of an opinion. 

Admoni!ior,s. the hint of a fault ; counsel ; gentle reproof. 
Ado, s. trouble; difficulty; bustle. 



ADO AFF 

Adolescence, s. the age succeeding childhood. 

Adopt, v. a. to take a son by choice, who is not so by 
birth ; to pursue any particular method or manner. 

Adore, v. a. to worship with external homage. 

Adorn, v. a» to dress ; to embellish. 

Adrift, ad. floating at random on water. 

Adroit, a. active ; skilful. [to improve; 

Advance, v. a. to bring forward ; to raise to preferment 

Advantage, s, superiority ; gain ; profit. 

A'dvent, s. four weeks before Christmas ; the time ap- 
pointed as a preparation for the feast of our Saviour's 
nativity. 

Adventitious, a. accidental ; by chance. 

Adventure, s. an accident; a chance ; an enterprise ja 
which something must be left to hazard. 

A'dverb, s. a word joined to a verb or adjective. 

Adverbial, a. having the quality of an adverb. 

Adversary, s. an opponent ; an enemy. 

Adverse, a. unfortunate. 

AdvSrt, v. n. to attend to. 

Advertise, v. a. to inform another ; to give intelligence* 

Advice, s. counsel ; instruction. 

Advise, v. a. to counsel ; to instruct. 

Adulation, s. flattery ; high compliment. 

A'dulatory, a. flattering 

Ad iilt, a. arrived at full stature. 

Adulterate, v a. to corrupt by mixing. 

A'dvocate, s. he who pleads the cause cf another; a 

Aerial, a. belonging to the air. [counsellor. 

Afar, a. at a great distance 

A'fFable, a, obliging ; condescending. 

Affair, s. any business or concern. 

Affect, v. a. to move the passions ; to have weight. 

Affectation, s. the assuming some appearance not natural 

Affected, p. p. moved. — a. u.. natural. [to the person. 

Affection, s. love ; zeal ; fondness. 

Affectionate, s. fond ; tender. 

Affiance, 5. a contract ; religious trust. 

Affidavit, s. a declaration upon o it.'i. 

Affinity, s relation by marriage ; connexion with. 

Arfir ra, v. a. to declare ; toconfirm. 

Affirmative, a opposed to negative ; that which can 0? 
may be affirmed. 

B3 



A F F AIR 

Affix V. a. to fasten ; to unite ; to subjoin. 

AfH'tc v. a to put <o pun; 1 1 grieve ; to tormen f . 
A'fu 1 c-t.a.wt-ilthy. [bear expences. 

A) ord //. a. to yield or produce. — v. n. to be able to 
A fir a, iehise> t;. a. 10 make free. 
Affray, s. a quarrel . a ^reat tumult. 
Afnigtu, S. terror 3 fear. 
Affront 5. outrage ;■' act of contempt. 
Afl6at, ad. iloatm^; 
A 661*., prep, m time past. 
Afraid, a. terrified ; fearful. 

Afies.% ad. new ; again. [tion of. 

A'fttT,prep. following Hi place ; in pursuit of; in imita- 
Attemoon, s the tune from noon to the evening. 
A'lter^an!. ad. in succeeding times. 
A'ga j\ a Turkish military officer, [hand; in return, 

Again, ad* a second time; once more; on the other 
Against, prep contrary ; opposite. 

A'gate, s. a precious stone. [life ; old age. 

Age, s the space of a hundred years ; the latter pait of 
A'g^ , a. old ; stricken in yeais* 
A'gent, s. a person who acts tor 'another. 
A' irandizc, v. a. to make great j to enfarae ; to exalf. 
A'ggra\ate, v. a. to make worse ; to incense ; to inflame. 
Aggre-sor, s. the person who gives offence' or does an in- 
• Aggrie-e, v. a. to give sorrow ; to vex. ' [J ur 3 7 * 

A; -ha>r, a. struck with horror, as at the sight of a spectre* 
A'gile, a. nimble ; ready ; active. 
A'gitate, v a. to put in motion ; to disturb. 
Ago, ad. past ; as, long ago. 
A'fioiiv. s. the pangs of death; violent pain. 
Agree, v. a. to . *uit or harmonis- j ; to allow; to moke a 
Agriculture, X. tillage ; husbandry, [bargain* 

Agrouid, ad. stuck on the sands. 
Ague, i. one rind of fever. 
Ah, interj. denoting surprise or pity. 
A'h j interj. expressing triumph. 
A; eVJ, ad, further o ward than another. 
Aid, s. help; support. 
Ai f , v. n to be li.i pain or trouble. 
Aim, 5. an intenti n; a design 3 direction. 
Ai'.-v. the element encompassing the earth; a gentle 
gale; a'muskaltune ; gesture; appearance. 



t.:. . 



AIR ALM 

Air, v. a. to give air to ; to warm, 

Afnng, i. a fchort jaunt. 

Airy, a. right as air ; vain ; trifling ', brjsk ? 

Aisle, s. the walk in a church* 

Akin, a. allied by blood. 

Alabaster, s, a kind of soft marble. 

Alack, inierj. of soirow. 

Alacrity, $, cheerfulness; spViglUljnesji, 

Alarm, s. notice of danger ; a dock. 

Alas, interj. of sorrow or pity. 

Albeit, ad. although; notwithstanding. 

Alc6ve, s. a private recess to lie or bit m. 

A'lder, s. the name of a tree. 

A'lderma.i, s. a city m'»gistra f e. 

Ale, s. a liquor made of mail and hops. 

Aie?t, a. watchful ; busk. 

Alexandrine, s. averse consisting of twelve syllables, 

A'lgebra, 5. a kind of arithmetic. 

A'lias, ad. otherwise. 

A'lien, s. a foreigner ; a stranger* 

Alight, v. a. to come down. 

Alik'', ad. in the same manner or form. 

A'iiment, s. nourishment; food. 

Alimentary, a . nourishing; feeding. 

Alive, a. not dead ; active. 

All, s. the whol ; everything. 

AHay, v. a. to pacify ; to repress. 

Allege, v.d. to affirm. 

Allegi nice, j. the duty of subject?, [and another meant, 

Allegory, 5. a discourse in winch one thing is expressed 

Allelujah, tnierj. of religious fervour; praise God. 

illlevi'ate, v. a, to ease; to soften. 

A'lley, s. a walk; a narrow passage. 

Alligator, s. the crocodile. [with the same letter* 

Alliteration, s. when several words in discourse be^in 

Allot, x\ a. to distribute by lot ; to grant, 

All(3w, v. a. to admit; t grant. 

AllCide, v. n. to refer to. 

Allure, v. a. to intice to any thing. 

Allflsion, s. a hint of something not fully described. 

A'lusive, «. hinting at something. 

Ally', s. one who is united to another in friendship or kin- 

Almanack, s, a calendar of time [died. 



ALM AMR 

Almighty, a. unlimited power; omnipotence. 
A'lmond, /. a tree, and its fruit. 

A'lmoner, s the officer of a prince, employed in the dis- 
Al most, ad. nearly ; well nigh. [tribtition of charity. 

Alms, s. what is given in relief of the poor. 
Almshouse, s. an hospital for the poor. 
A'loes, s a precious wood ; the juice of the tree. 
Aloft, prep, above ; on high. 
Alone, a. single ; solitary. 
Along, ad. at length ; in company with. 
Aloof, ad. at a distance. 
Aloud, ad. loudly ; with great noise. 
A'lphabet, s. the letters or elements of speech. 
Already, ad, at this present time ; before the present. 
A'lso, ad likewise ; moreover. 

A'ltar, s the table in Christian churches at which the com- 
munion is administered ; the table on which the Pagans 
burned their sacrifices, 
A'lter, v. a. to change ; to transform. 
Altercation, s. debate ; wrangling. 
Alternate, a. being by turns. 
Alternative, s. the choice given of two things, so that if 

one be rejected, the other must be taken. 
Although, conj. notwithstanding ; however. 
A'ltitude, s. height of place ; the elevation of any of the 

heavenly bodies above the horizon. 
Altogether, ad. .completely; without exception. 
A'lum, s. a kind of mineral salt of an acid taste. 
A'lways, ad. perpetually ; constantly. 
Am, the first person singular of the verb to be. 
Amain, ad. with vigour ; violently. 
Amanuensis, s. a person who writes what another dictates. 
Amass, v. a. to collect together ; to heap up. 
Amaze, v. a. to surprise ; to astonish. 
A'mazon, s. a warlike woman. [other to discuss affairs. 
Ambassador, s. a person sent from one government to an- 
A'mber* s. a yellow transparent substance. 
A'rnbergris, s. a drug, used both as a perfume and cordial. 
A'mbient, a. surrounding ; encompassing. 
Ambiguous, a. doubtful ; having two meanings. 
Ambition, J. the immoderate desire of preferment or honour; 
Ambitious, a. full of ambition ; desirous. pride. 

A'mble, s. an easy pace. 
4'mbuscade, s . a secret place, in which rnen \\t to surprise* 



A M B ANG 

A'mbush, s. the state of lying in wait. 

Amen, ad. so be it; verily ; so may it be. 

Amenable, a., liable to be called to account. 

Amend, t>. a. to correct ; to reform the life. 

Amend, v. n. to grow better. 

Amends, s. recompence ; compensation. 

Amenity, s pleasantness of situation ; sweetness of temper, 

A'methysf, s. a precious stone. 

A'miable, a. lovely ; pleasing; worthy to be loved. 

A'micable, a. friendly ; kind ; obliging. 

Amid, Amidst, prep, m the midst ; among. 

Amiss, a. faulty ; wrong. 

A'mity,s. friendship. 

Ammunition, s. military stores, 

Am6ng, Amongst, prtp. mingled with ; conjoined with 

Am6unt, s. the sum total. [others. 

Amphibious, a. living in two elements. 

Amphitheatre, s. a building in a circular or oval form, for 

A 'tuple, a. large ; extended ; wide; liberal, [public shows. 

Amplify, t. a. to enlarge; to improve. 

A'mputate, v. a. to cut off a limb, 

A'mulet, s. a charm. 

Amuse, v. a. to divert the attention ; to entertain ; to feed 

An, art. one; any; some. fwith promises. 

Anachronism, S. the placing an event much earlier or later 

than it really happened, [make anotherl 

A'nagram, s. the letters of one word transposed so as to 
Analugy, s. the resemblance that one tiling bears to an- 
Ananas, s. the pine-apple. [other. 

Anarchy, $. want of government : a nation without magis- 
Anatomy, s. the art of dissecting animal bodies. [tracy. 
A'ncestor, s- one from whom a pe r son descends, 
Ancestry, s. pedigree ; birth; descent. 
A nchor, s. a heavy iron to hold a ship, by being fixed to 

the ground ; any thing which renders sure. 
A'nchorite, s. a person who lives alone in retirement. 
Anch6vy, s. a s nail sea-fish. 

Ancient, a. old ; long passed, [joined. 

And, conj. the particle by which sentences or terms are 
A'necdote, s. something yet unpublished ; secret history. 
Anew, ad. over again ; newly ; another time. 
Angel, 5. a messenger; one of those heavenly beings em- 
ployed in executing the orders of divine providence. 



ANG ANT 

Angelica, s. a plant. 

A'nger, 5. resentment ; rage ; displeasure. 

A'ngle, v n, to fish with a fishing-rod. 

A'ngry, a. provoked ; displeased. 

A'nguish, s. excessive pain, either of mind or body. 

Animadvert, t*. h. to consider; to pass censure upon. 

A'nimal/s.abody endued with life, motion, and sense; aliv- 

A'nimal, a. belonging or relating to animals, [ing creature. 

Animalcule, s. a small animal. 

A'niraate, v. a. to quicken ; to make alive. 

A'nimate, a. alive ; possessing animal life. 

A'nimated, p. p. lively ; vigorous. 

Animosity, s. « version or hatred; rage, 

A'nise, s. a species of parsley. 

A'nker, s. a vessel ot five gallons. 

A'nkle, s. the joint that unites the foot to the leg. 

Annals, $. the history of a nation distributed under succes* 

Annex, v. «♦ to unite ; to join ; to connect. [sive years. 

Annihilate, v. a, to destroy. 

Anniversary, s. a day as it returns in the course of the year. 

Annotate, i>. n. to write notes upon the work of another. 

Ann6unce, v. a. to publish ; to proclaim. 

Ann6y, v. a. to incommode ; to vex. 

A'nnual, a, that which comes yearly. 

Annuitant, s. one who has an annuity. 

Annuity, s. a yearly allowance, for the life of a person. 

Annul, t;. -a. to make void ; to abolish. 

Annular, a. having the form of a ring. 

Anoint, v. a. to rub with 01L 

An6n, ad. quickly . soon. 

Anonymous, a. without a name. 

Antfther, a. not the same ; different. 

A'n'wer, s reply; solution; confutation. 

A'nswerable, a. obliged to give an account. 

Ant, s. as. ..all diligent insect. 

Antagonist, s. an adversary ; an opponent 

AW, a Latin particle signifying before, which is frequently 

used in composition, as, a?2te-diluvian,»ant<z-chamber. 
Antec6de, v, a. to go before. 
Antecedent, 5. that which goes before. 
Antechamber, s. the chamber that leads to tire chief apart- 
A'ntedate, v. a. to date before the time. [ment. 

Antediluvian, a, existing before the delude. 



S^ 



ANT APP 

Antelope, 5. a sort of gcat. 

Anterior, a. going before. -. 

A'nthem, s. a holy song. 

Anticipate, v. a. to enjoy or suffer beforehand ; to take 

A'ntic, a. odd ; ridiculously wild [before ; to foretastt. 

A'ntidote, s. a medicine given to expel poison. 

Antipathy, s. a natural dislike to anything. 

Antipodes, s. those people who, living on the other side of 
the globe, have their feet opposite to ours, 

A'ntiquary, 5. a man studious of antiquities. 

A'ntiquate, ik a. to make obsolete. 

Antiquity, s. old times ; the ancients ; remains of old times, 

A'ntler, s. a branch of a stag's horn. 

A'nvil, s. the iron block for smiths' work, [ness of spirits. 

Anxiety, s. trouble of mind about some future event ; low* 

A'nxious, a uneasy ; doubtful ; careful. 

A'ny, a. every ; whoever ; whatever. 

Apace, ad. quickly ; speedily ; hastily. 

Apart, ad. separately ; privately ; distinctly. 

Apartment, s. a room ; a set of rooms. 

A'pathy, s. cold feelings. 

Ape, 5. a kind of monkey ; an imitator. 

A'perture, $ a small opening. 

A'phorism, s. a sentence containing a maxim, 

A'piary, s. the place where bees are kept. 

Apiece, ad. each ; to the part or share of each, 

A'p°l°g ue > s - a moral tale ; a fable. 

Ap61ogy, s. defence ; excuse. 

A'poplexy, s. a disease. [generally applied to rcllgroa. 

Ap6stacy, s. a departure from what a man has professed,. 

Apostate, s. one who has forsaken his religion. 

Apostle, s. a person sent with a commission, particularly 
applied to those whom our Saviour deputed to pi each 
the gospel. [the use of a comma, as, tho', for though. 

Ap6strophe, s. in grammar, the contraction of a word^y 

Ap6thecary, $. a man who has studied the use of medicine;* 

Appal, v. a. to fright ; to depress. 

'Apparatus, s. those things which are provided for the afc 
complishment of any purpose, as the tools of a tratie j 
the furniture of a house ; equipage ; show. 
Apparel. $. dress ; vesture. 
Apparent, a. visible; plain; evident; 
Apparition, $, appearance y a spectre. 



A P P ARC 

Appeal, s. a calling for relief or justice. 

Appear, v. n. to be in sight; to become visible ; to ht 

Appease, v. a. to quiet. [evident \ to answer. 

Appellation, s. name ; title. 

Apper dage, 5. something added. 

Appendix, s. an addition. 

Appertain, v. n. to belong to. 

A'ppetite,s. keenness of stomach ; hunger. 

Applaud, v. a. to commend ; to praise. 

Applause, s. approbation openly expressed. 

A'pple, s. a fruit. 

Apply', v. a to put to a certain use ; to study. 

Appoint, v. a. to fix ; to determine ; to settle. 

A'pposite, a. proper ; fit. 

Appraise, v. a. to seta price upon any thing. 

.Apprehend, v. a. to lay h'dd on ; to seize, in order for 

trial; to conceive; to think <>f with terror; to fear. 
Apprentice, s. « ne that is bound by agreement to learn a 
Apprize, v. a. to inform ; to acquaint. [trade. 

Approach, s. the act of drawing near; access ; means of 
Approbation, s. the approving of a thing. [advancing. 
Appropriate, v. a. to consign to some particular use orper- 
Approve, v. a. to like ; t*> be pleased with, [son; to set apart. 
.Apm-6ximate, t 1 . n. to come near to. 
Apricot,s. a fruit. 

A'pril, s. the fourth month "f the year. 
Apt, a. fit; inclined ; ready ; quick, [grows in the water. 
Aquatic, a* that which inhabits the water ; that which 
Aqueduct, s. a conveyance made for carrying water. 
A'quiline, a. resembling an eagle ; when applied to the 
A rable, a. fit for tillage. [nose, hooked. 

Arbiter, 5. a person called in to settle a dispute. 
Arbitrary, a. despotic ; absolute; depending on no rule ; 

capricious. 
A'rbour, s. a small part of a garden inclosed with shrubs ; 
Arcade, s. a continued arch. [a shady bower. 

Arch. s. part of a circle, nor more than the half; a circu-' 

lar covering supported with two pillars. 
Arcuangel, s. one of the highest order of angels. 
Archbishop, s, a chief or leading bishop. 
Archdeacon, s. a bishop's deputy. 
A'rcher, s. he that shoots with a bow. 
Archery, s. the art of using a bow. 



ARC ART 

Archipelago, s. the name of a s^a. 
Architect, s. a professor of the art of btrifding; 
Architecture, $. the art or science of building. 
A'rcbives, & the place where records or ancient writings 
are kept ; the records themselves, [tionate. 

A'rdent, a. U< t ; fierce; vehement: passionate; arTec- 
A'fdour, s. heat ; heat of affection, as love, courage,. &c. 
Arduous, a. hard to accomplish. 
Are, the plural of am, art, or is, 
A'ri:ue, u. 77. to reason ; to dispute. 
A'nd, a. dry ; parched up. 
Aright; ad. rightly ; without error. 
Arise, r. n. to get up, as from sleep. 
Arithmetician, s. a ma-ter of the art of numbers. piig^ 
Arithmetic, s. the science of numbers; the art of reckon- 
Ark, ?■ a vessel to swim upon the water, usually applied 
to that in which INoah was preserved ; the moveable 
temple of the Jews. 
Arm, J. the limb which reaches from the hand to the shoulder; 
a large bough of a me ; an .inlet of water from the sea* 
Arm, v. a. to furnish with, or take up arms. 
A'rmament, s. a naval force. 
A'rmour, s defensive arras to cover the body. 
Arms, 5. pL escutcheons; weapons. 

A'rmy, s. a large body of armed men. 

Aromatic, a. spicy ; fragrant; strong scented. 

Around, prep. «Scc al out ; in a circle. 

Art u«e, v. a. to wake from sleep ; to raise up ; to excite, 

A'rrack, s. a spirituous liquor. 

Arraign, i. a. to bring to trial. 

Arrange, v. a. to set in order. 

A'rrant, a. bad in a high degree. 

A'rras, s. tapestry ; hangings. 

Array, 5. dress ; order of battle. 

Arrear, 5. that which remains unpaid. 

Arrest, s. in law, the seizing a man's person, 

Anivai, s. the act of coming to a place. 

Arrive, v. 7i. to come to any place. 

A'rroffant, a. haughty ; presumptuous. 

Arrogate, v. a. to el-im unjustly or haughtily, 

A'rrow, s. a dart to be shot from a bow. 

A'rsenal, s; a place for things requisite t© war* 

At,s. skill; tunning; a business. 
C 



ART ASS 

A'rtery, s. a large blood-vessel. 

A'rtichoke, s. a plant. 

A'rticle, s. a part of speech, as, the, an; one part of as* 
account, or other complex thing. 

Articulate, a. distinctly spoken ; plainly expressed. 

A'rtifice, s. a trick ; fraud ; stratagem ; art. 

Artificer, s a workman; a contriver. 

Artificial, cu made by art; not .natural; fictitious, cot ge- 
nuine ; artful ; contrived with skill. 

Arillery, s. ordnance ; great guns. 

A'rtisan, s. an artificer; a workman. 

A'rfist x $. a curious workman. 

As, conj. in the same mauner with something else; like; 
oi the same kind with ; in the same degree with. 

Asbestos, s. a sort of native fossil stone. 

Ascend, v. n. to mount ; to climb. 

Ascension, s. the act of ascending. 

Ascension-day, s. the day on which the Ascension of our 
Saviour is commemorated, commonly called Holy 
Thursday; the Thursday but one before Whitsuntide- 
Ascent, s. the rising of a hill ; an eminence. 

Ascertain, v. a. to prove ;«to fix. 

Ascribe, y. a. to yield as due. 

Ash, s. a tree. 

Ashamed, a. touched with shame. 

Ashen, a. made of ash wood. 

A'shes, s. the remains of any thing burned ; the remains of 

Ash-Wednesday, s. the first day of Lent* £the Wdy. 

Aside, ad. away ; on one side ; private. 

Ask, v, a. to beg or intreat ; to enquire. 

Aslant, ad. on one side. 

Asle>pi ad. at rest ; sleeping. 

Asp, or A'spic, s. a venomous serpent. 

Aspen, $. a tree. 

Asparagus, s. the name of a plant. 

A'spect, s. visage ; looks ; prospect. 

Asperity,, s, roughness; sharpness. 

Asperse, v. a, to slander or defame, 

A'spirate, s. the sound ot the letter h. 

Aspire, v, n, to aim at ; to desire eagerly. 

Ass, si an animal of burden. 

Assail, v. a. to attack; to assault. 

Assassin, s. a murderer. 

Assault, $» attack ; inrasioa. 



ASS ATT 

Assemblage, *• a collection of things. 

Assemble, v. a. to bring together into one place* 

Assembly, s. a company met together. 

Assent, s, the act of agreeing; consent. 

Assert, v. a. to declare positively. 

Assess, t>. a» to charge with any certain snm. 

Asseveration, s. a solemn protestation. 

Assiduous, a. constant in application. 

Assign, 7;. a. to make over. 

Assignation, s. an appointment ; a meeting. 

Assignee, s. he to whom any thing is assigned. 

Assimilate, i\ a. to convert to the same nature with aa~ 

Assist, v. a. to help or aid. [other thing* 

Assize,*, a court of law held twice a year in erery county, 

in which causes are tried by a judge and jury. 
Associate, s. a partner ; a companion. 
Assortment,, s. the ranging of goods, &e. 
Assuage, v* a. to soften ; to pacify. 
Assume, v. a. to claim unjustly, or haughtily. 
Assure, y. a. to assert positively. 
Assuredly, ad. without doubt ; certainly. 
Asterisk, $. a little star (*)» used to shew that some words 

or letters are wanting, or serving as a reference to a note. 
A'sthma, s. a disease. 
Astonish, v. a. to amaze. 

Astray', ad. out of the right way. [ledge of the stars. 

Astrology, s. a pretending to foretel tilings by the know- 
Astronomy, s. ihe real knowledge of the heavenly bodies? 
Asunder, ad. apart ; separately. 
Asylum, s. a place of safety. 
Ate, pret. of to eat 
Athletic, a. lusty - y robust ; bony. 
Atlantic, s. the name of a sea. 
A'tlas, s. a collection of maps. 
Atmosphere, s. the surrounding air. 
Atom, s. an extremely small particle. 
At6ne, v. n. to satisfy 7 to appease. 
Atr6cious, s. wicked in a high degree. 
Atrophy, s. a disease. 
Attach, v. a. to bind together 7 to stop or lay hold of} X% 

fix to one's interest. 
Attain, v. a. 10 reach ; to obtain ; to come to. 
Attaint, v. a, to dishonour 5 to corrupt j to stain, 



ATT A U S 

Attempt, 5. endeavour ; trial. 

Attend, v. a. to regard ; to fix the mind upon ; to wait on ; 

to accompany ; to be present with upon a summons. 
Attention, 5. the giving tiie thoughts to something ; re* 
Attentive, c. with attention* [spect. 

Attest v. a. to- witness or affirm. 
Attire, s. apparel; dress; ornaments. 
Attitude, $. posture; gesture. 
Attorney, s. a person who practises Javr. 
Attract, v, a. to draw ; to excite esteem or liking. 
Attraction, 5, the p«wer of atrractmg. 
Attribute, 5. the tiling attributed to auother. 
Attribute, i\ a. to ascribe to. 
Avail, s. advantage ; weight* 

A'varice, s. covetousiess. [is driven away, 

Avafinr, interj, a word of abhorrence, by which any one 
A'uburn, a. brown, or of a tan colour. 
Auction, s. a manner of sale, iti which one person bids 
after auother, and the article is soid to the best bidder. 
Audacious, a. bold ; impudent. 
A'udible, a. that may be distinctly heard. 
A'udience, s. the act of hearing j persons assembled to 
A'uditor, s. a hearer. [hear. 

A\£uge, v- a. to punish, 

A'venue, s.an alley or walk of trees before a house* 
Aver, v. a lo declare positively. 
Averse, a. contrary to; not favourable. 
,Av£rt, v. a. to tin 11 awiy j to put by. 

Aught, pron. any thing. 

Augment, i». a . and n. to increase ; to grow bigger. 

Afgury, s. a pretendu g t> foretei things tu come by trve 
flight, feeding, &e. of birds. 

August, a. grand ; royal ; rnagn ficent, 

A'u^ust, s. the eighth month of the year. 

A'viary, s. a place enclose d to keep buds in. 

Avidity, s. greediness ; eagerness. 

Aunt, s. a father's or mother's sifter. 

Avoid, •!>. a. to shun or escape : t 1 leave. 

Avow, i\ a. to Confess; to declare confidently. 

Avowal, s. confession. 

Avowedly, ad, in an avowed manner. 

Auricula, s. a flower. 

Auspicious, a. favourable; happy ', kind. 



AUS BAG 

Austere, a. severe ; harsh. 

Authentic, a. genuine ; not sp<r ous. [writer of a book. 

A'uthor, s. the first beginner or mover of any thing ; the 

Authoritative, a. having due authority ; having an air of 

Authority, s. legal power ; influence; rule. [authority. 

A'uthorize-, v. a. to give power or authority. [winter. 

A'utumn, s. the season of the year between summer and 

Auxiliary, s. a helper ; an assistant ; a. helping ; assisting. 

Await, v. a. to expect ; to wait for; to attend. 

Awake, a. not sleeping ; ready. 

Award, s. a sentence or determination. 

Aware, ad. excited to aution ; vigilant. 

Away', ad, absent. — interj. let us go ; begone. 

Awe, s. reverential fear ; reverence. 

Awhile, ad. some time. 

A'wkward,a. unpolite ; unhandy; clumsy. 

Awl, i. an instrument to bore holes. 

A'wning, s. a cover spread over a boat or elsewhere, to 

Awry', ad. asquint ; unevenly, [keep off the weather, 

Axe,s. an instrument used to cut wood. 

Axle, > s. the piece of timber on which the wheels 

AYletree, J of a carriage turn. 

Aye, ad. yes. 

A'zure, s. blue j faint blue. 

B. 

"Vy AA, v. n. to cry like a sheep. 

J3 Babble, v. n. to prattle ; to talk idly. 
Babe. Baby, s. an infant. 
Baboon, *. a monkey of the largest kind. 
Bachelor, s. a man unmarried. 
Back, s the hinder part of any thing. 
Backgammon, s. a game with dice, &c. 
Backward, a. unwilling; dull; slow. 
Bacon, 5. the flesh of a hog saJted and dried. 
Bad, a. ill ; vicious ; unhappy; hurtful ; sick> 
Badge, s. a particular mark. 
Badger, s. a beast. 
BarBe, v. a. to make of no effect. 
Bag, s. a sack or pouch ; a purse. 
Baggage, s. the furniture of an army, 
Bagnio, s. a house for bathing. 
Bagpipe, s* a musical instrument. 
C3 



B A I BAR 

Bait,s. meat set to allure animals to a snare; a tempta- 
tion ; a refreshment on a journeys 

Bajze, s. a kind of coarse open cioth. 

Bake,t'. a. to dress provisions in an oven. 

Balance, s. a pair of scales; an even weight ; the dif- 
ference up m accounts ; part of a watch. 

Balc6ny, s. a frame of wood, &c. before a window. 

Bald, ft without hair; unadorned. 

Bale, s. a large parcel of goods. 

Baleful, ft. sorrowful ; full of mischief. 

Balk, r, a. to disappoint or cross a person. 

Ball, s. any tiling round j an entertainment with dancing- 

Ballrid, s. a song; an air. 

Ballast, s. weight to balance a ship. 

Balloon, s. a machine lor ascending in the air. 

Ballot, $. a little ball or ticket used in giving votes. 

Balm, S, the juice of a tree of a fragrant smell. 

Balsam, s. an ointmenl ; a medicine. 

Baluster, s. a small pillar. 

Balustrade, s. a row of little pillars. 

Bamboo, s. a sort of Indian cane. 

Banana, s. the plantain tree. 

Band, s. any thing to bind with; a piece of tfitislin 
worn upon tie neck by clergymen, *icc. ; a-tniopor 

Bandage, s. a fillet or roller ot linen. [company. 

Bandbox, s. a sort of slight thin box. 

J^nditti, s. highwaymen. 

Bane, s. poisoYi; mischief; ruin. 

Banish, v a. t?» send or drive away. 

Bank, s. a little hill ; the side of the sea, or of a river ; 
a great shoal of sand in the sea ; a public stock of 

Bank-bill, 5. a note for money in a bank. [money. 

B£i.ker, s. one who tratL-s in rfef>ney. 

Bankruptcy, s. the state of a bankrupt. 

Bankrupt, s. a person inc spable of paying his debts. 

Banner, 5. a standard or ensign ; a streamer. 

Banquet, s. a feast or entertainment. 
Banter, t;. a. to jest, jeer, or ridicule. 
Ban thing, s. a little child ; an infant. 
Baptis'u, s. the first sacrament in 'he Christian church. 
^Baptize, v. a. to perform the office of baptism. 
Bar, s. a long piece of wood or iron ; the place where 
lawyers pleadj and criminals stand to be tried ; a smail 



BAR E A S 

r©*>m in a tavern ; a shallow at the mouth of a harbour ; 
a stoppage or hindrance; a cross beam; in music t a 
hue drawn rfowrtwards through the note lines. 

Barbarian, 5. a rude uncivilised person ; a savage. 

Barbarism, s. an uncouth manner or speaking or wri- 
ting; brutality; ignorance. [arts; cruel; inhuman. 

Barbarous, a. savage; uncivilised; unacquainted witk 

Barbed, p. p. jagged with hooks. 

Barber, s.- a man who shaves the beard. 

Barberry, s. a shrub. 

Bard, s. a poet. [poor. 

Bare, a. naked ; uncovered ; plain ; simple ; unadorned ; 

Barefaced, a. shameless ; impudent. 

Bargain, s. an agreement for any tiling ; the thing bought 

Barge, s. a large boat for pleasure or trade. [or sold. 

Bark, s. the rind of a tree ; a small ship ; the noise made 

Barley, s. a grain of which malt is made. [by a dog. 

Barleycorn, s. the third part of an inch. 

Barm, s. yeast to make drink ferment. 

Barn, 5. a storehouse for corn. [of the weather. 

Barometer, 5. a machine for making known the changes 

Baron, s. a nobleman next in degree below a viscount. 

Baronet, 5. the lowest degree of honour that descends t» 
a son ; it is below a baron; and above a knight. 

Baronetage, s. the dignity of a baronet. 

Barony, s. that honour or lordship that gives title to a 

Barrack, s. a building to lodge soldiers in. [baron. 

Barrel, $. a vessel to contain liqaors. 

Barren, a. fruitless ; not producing any thing. 

Barricade, v. a. to stop up a passage. 

Barrier, s. a defence ; a bar to mark the limits of a place, 

Barrister, s. a lawyer who pleads causes. 

Banow, j. any carriage moved by the hand ; as a wheel- 
Barter, v. a. to change one thing for another. [barrow, 

Base, s. the bottom ; the foundation of any thing. 

Base, <7. of mean birth or sentiments; metal below weight. 

Base-viol, s. a musical instrument. 

Bashaw, 5. among the Turk*, the governor of a province, 

Bashful, 0% modest; shamefaced; shy. 

Basilisk, 5. a kind of serpent. 

Basin, 5. a place near the sea, where ships may ride in 
safety ; a vessel to hold water or other liquid. 

Bask, v, n. to lie in the sun. 

Basket, s,a vessel made of twigs, rushes, occ* 



BAS BEC 

Bass, s. In music ; grave ; deep. 

Bassoon, s. a musical wind instrument. [slightly. 

Baste, v a. to drip butter upon meat on the spit ; s sew 
Bastinado, $. blows from a stick on the soles of the teet. 
Bat, s. a small winged animal resembling a mouse j a 

piece of wood made -fit to strike a ball with. 
Bath, s. a place to wash or bathe in. 
Bathe, v. a. to wash in a bath. 
Bating, prep, except. 

Battle, s. a fight between two armies or persons. 
Battledore, s. an instrument for striking or playing with 

shuttlecocks. 
Bauble, s. a gew-gaw ; a trifling piece of finery. 
Bawi, u. n, to talk very loud; to cry out. fchesnur. 

Bay, s. a road for ships ; a colour inclining to that of a 
Ba'yoner, s. a dagger fixed at the end of a gun. 
Be, v. n. to exist ; to exist in some certain state, condz- 
Beach, s. a shore, or point of land. [dition, or quality. 
Beacon, s. fires to warn ships ; lights upon high places 

to guide ships. 
Bead, s. a smal round ball of which necklaces are made* 
Bearle, s. a messenger belonging to a court ; a petty ofH- 
Beak, s. the horny mouth of a bird. [cer in parishes. 
Beaker, s. a cup with a spout, [of scales; a ray of light. 
Beam, s. a large piece of timber; the balance of a pair 
Beam, v. n. to send f rth rays or beams. 
Bean, s. a common pulse, or garden bean. 
Bear, s. a rough savage animal. 

Bear, v. a. to carry as a burden, or in the mind ; to con- 
vey ; to support ; to keep from falling ; to suffer j to 
permit; to produce. 
Beard, s. the hair that grows on the lips and chin ; sharp 

prickles growing upon the ears of corn. 
Beast,^. a four-footed animal. 
Beat, s. a stroke ; a sound of a drum. 
Beat, v. a. to strike; to overcome; v. 21* to throb as a 
Beau, s. a man finely dressed. [pulse. 

Beaver, s. an animal ; a hat of the best kind ; that part 

of a helmet which covers the face. 
Beauty, s. that assemblage of graces which pUases the 
Because, conj\ for this reason, [eye ; a particular grace. 
Beckon, v. a, to make a sign with the hand. 
Bec6ine, Vi a, and n. to fit j to a,dora ; to be the fate o/. 



BED BEN 

Bed, s. a place to lie upon; part of a garden; the chars* 

Bedeck, v. a. to adorn. [nel of a river; any hollow, 

Bed£w, v. a. to wet ; to cover with dew. 

Bedrid, a. confined to the bed by age or sickness. 

Bee, s. the insect that makes honey. 

Beech, s. the name of a tree. 

Beef, s. the flesh of a cow or an ox. 

Beehive, 5. a cover under which bees are kept. 

Beer, s. a liquor made of malt and hups. 

Beet, s. a plant. 

Beede, s. au insect. 

Before, prep, further onward in place; in the front of J 

not behind ; in the presence of ; in preference to. 
Betnend , v. a. to favour ; to be kind to. 
Beg, v. a. to ask alms ; to desire earnestly. 
Beggary, s. want; indigence, 
Bigi ■ t v. n. and v. a. to take rise; to enter upon. 
Begone, inter}, away ; hence; go away. 
B< guile, i\ a. to deceive ; to mislead. 
Behalf, s. favour ; support. 
Behave, v. n. to act; to conduct one's self. 
Behaviour, s. conduct; course of life. 
Behead, v, a. to cut off the head. [inferior to another* 

Behind, prep, at the back of another; on the back part; 
Behold, v. a. to look upon; inter}, lot see ! 
Being, s. existence; a particular state or condition; the 

person existing. 
Belfry, s. the place where the ropes of bells are pulled, 
Belief, s. a persuasion of the truth of any thing. 
Believe, v. a. to give credit to. 
Bell, s. a holiow metal with a clapper. 
Bellow, v. n. to make a loud noise as a bull. 
Bellows, s. the instrument used to blow the fire. 
Bellman, s. a crier of go ;ds, &c. 

Bei6ng, v. n. to be the property of. 

Beloved, ad, dear. 

Below, ad. under; inferior in dignity. 

Belt, s. a girdle ; a sash. 

Bem6an, v. a, to lament ; to bewail. 

Bench, s. a seat. 

Ben<i, v. a. to bow ; to make crooked. 

Beneath, ad. underneath; below; lower in rank, in ex- 

Benediction, $. a blessing. |_cellence, or in dignity, 

Benefaction, s. a charitable gift. 



BEN B I L 

Benefactor, s. he who confers a benefit. 

Benefice, s. a clerg3'man's living. 

Beneficent, a. kind ; doing good. 

Beneficial, a. advantageous; profitable* 

Benefits, advantage; profit; use. 

Benevolent, a. kind ; aifeeticnate. 

Benign, a.SJnd ; generous. 

Bent, s. a being inclined to. 

Bent, p. p. crooked. 

Bequeath, v. a. to leave by will to another. 

Bereave, v. a. to deprive; to take away. 

BergamOt, s. a delict us pear. 

Be>ry, s. any small fruit. 

B6r>l, s. a precious stone. 

Beseech, v. a. to beg; to inlreat. 

Beset, v. a. to waylay ; to fall upon ; to perplex* 

Beside, B sides, prep, over and above. 

Bespatter, v a. to splash or throw dirt upon. 

Bespeak, v. a. to order ; to address ; to request* 

Best, ad. in the highest de^re*- of goodness* 

Bestow', v, a to confer upon ; to lay out. 

Bet, s. a wager 4 

Betide, v. n. to corae to pa*s. 

Betimes, ad early ; soon ; seasonable. [to discover. 

Betray', v. a. to divulge a secret ; to be false ox unjust te; 

Batter, a. superior ; improved; surpassing. 

Between, prep, in the middle. 

Beverage, 5. dnnk; liquor to be drunk. 

Beware, v. n. to guard against ; to avoid. 

Bewilder, v. a. to mislead ; to puzzle ; to deceive. 

Bewitch, v. a. to charm ; to please. 

Beyond, prep, on the further side ; at a proper distance j 

above ; more excellent. 
Bfib, s, a piece of linen to pin before a child. 
Bible, 5. the sacred volujue. 
Bid,!;, a. to order; to invite; to offer- 
Bide, v. a. and n. t > stay ; to endure ; to dwell; t» live. 
Bier, 5. a frame to carry the dead upon. 
Big, a. great; large, 
Bilberry, s. a fruit. 
Biik, v. a, to cheat ; to defraud. 
Bill, 5. a bird's beak ; an edged tool for lopping trees, 

hedges, &c. ; an advertisement or note ; an account iur 

money. 



BIL BLE 

Billet, s. a log of wood ; a letter or note. 

Billiards, s. a kind of play. 

Billow, s. a large rolling wave. 

Bin, s. a place for keeping corn, wine, &c* 

Bind, v. a. to confine with bonds • to gird. 

Biographer, s. a writer of lives. 

Biography, s. writing the lives of men; 

Biped, 5. an animal with two feet. 

Birch, s. a tree. 

Bird, 5. a general term for the feathered kind. 

Birdlime, s. a gammy substance used to ensnare small 

Birth, 5. being born ; rise or beginning. [birds. 

Birthright, s. the rights and privileges to which a man is 

Biscuit, s. bread twice baked ; a small sweet cake. [born. 

Bishop, s. one of the chiefs of the clergy. 

Bissextile, s. leap year ; every fourth year. 

Bit, s, as much meat as is put into the mouth at once ; & 

small piece of any thing ; part of a horse's bridle. 
Bite, v. a to crush or pierce with the teeth. 
Bitter, a. of a hot biting taste ; severe ; cruel. 
Black, s>. a black colour ; mourning ; a biackmoor. 
Black, a. cloudy ; wicked : mournful. 
Blackberry, s. the fruit of the bramble, 
Blackbird, s. the name of a bird. 
Blacken, v. a. to make black ; to darken. 
Blackthorn, ?. the sloe, [strument ; the spires of grass. 
Blade, s. the sharp or striking part of a weapon or &»• 
Blame, s. fault; crime charged on any one. 
Blanch, v. a. to whiten ; to peel h^sks, &c. 
Bland, q, soft; mild ; gentle. 
Blandishment, o. soft words; kind speeches, 
Bfank, s, a void space ; the opposite of prize. 
Blank, a. white ; inwritten ; confused. 
Blanket, s. a woollen cover for a bed. 
Blaspheme, a, to speak evil of God. 
Blasphemy, s. indignity offered to God. 
Blast, s, a gust or puff of wind ; the sound made by- an 
Blaze, s. a flame. [instrument of wind music. 

Bleach, v. a. to whiten in the sun. 
Bleak, a. pale; cold; chill. 
Bleat, v. n to cry as a sheep. 
Bleed, v. a. to let blood. — v. n. to lose blood* 
Blemish, *. a spot or stain ; disgrace. 



*. 



BLE BON 

Blend, v. a. to mingle together. 

Bless, v. a. to make happy ; to pray for happiness to* 

Blight, s. mildew ; anything nipping or blasting. 

Blind, s. something tu hinder the sight; something to 

Blind, a. without sight ; dark; obscure. fmialead. 

Blindfold, si. having the eyes coveied. 

Blink,!', n. to wink. 

Bliss, s. happiness ; joy; felicity. 

Blister, s. water rising in the skin. 

Blithe, a. gay ; airy. 

Block, s. a piece of marble ; a log of wood. 

Blockhead, s. a stupid fellow. 

Blood, s. the red liquor that flows in the bodies of lir- 

Bloom, v. n, to yield blossoms. [ing crtarure 

Blossom, 5. tiie flower that grovNS on any plant or tret. 

Blot, s. a spot ; a blemish. 

Blow, s. a stroke; a misfortune. 

Blow, v. a. and n. to breathe hard, as the wind ; to sound 

an instrument of wind music ; to put forth flowers. 
Blue, a. a colour like that of the sky. 
Blunder,.^, a gross or shameful mistake. 
Bfimderbuss, s. a short gun. 
..Blunt, a. dull; rough; impolite. 

"Biush, s. a red colour in the cheek, produced by certai 
Bluster, v. n. to roar ; to swagger. [uneasy feelings. 

Boar,s. the male swine. 
Board, i. a piece of wood ; a court held. 
Board, v. a. to lay with boards; to enter by force * U 

pay for lodging or eating. 
Boast, s. proud speech; haughty bragging. 
Boat, s. a vessel to pass the water in. 
Bobbin, s. a small pin of wood with a notch. 
Bodice, s. a sort of stays for women. 
B6dkin, s. a large needle blunted at the point. 
Bony, 5. a person. 
Bog, s. a marsh ; a fen. 

Boil, v. a. to bubble through heat ; to dress meal.. 
Boiler,*, a vessel for boiling water, &c. 
Boisterous, a. furious ; loud ; stormy. 
Bold, a. daring; stout; impudent. 
Bolster, s. a long pillow. 
Bolt, s. a bar of a door ; an arrow. 
Bondage, s, captivity ; imprison aiaat. 



m 



BON BRA 

bondmaid, s. a woman slave, 
B6ndman, J. a man slave, 
Bonfire, $. a fire made for triumph. 
Bonnet, s. a hat ; a cap. 
Bonny, a. handsome ; gay ; merry. 
Booby, s. a stupid fellew, 

B ook/s. a volame, &c. in vvhich we read or write. 
Bookkeeping, s. the art of keeping accounts. 
Boon, s. a gift ; a grant. 
Boor, 5. a lout ; a clown. 
Booth, s. a house built of boards or boughs, 
Bo6tv, s. plunder. 

Border, s. an edge; a hem ; a aide; a boundary. 
Bore, v. a. to pierce in a hole, 
Boru, o. some into life. 
Borne, a. carried ; supported ; endured. 
B6rough, s. a town with a corporation. 
Borrow, v. a. to receive as a loan. 
Bosom, s. the breast ; tender affections. 
B6tany, s. the science of plan's. 
Both, a. the two. — ad. as. well. 
Battle, 5. a vessel to contain liquor. 

B6ttom, s. the lowest part of anything; a foundation ; ••£. 
Bough, 5. an arm, or a large shoot of a tree. [valley. 

Bound, v. a. to limit ; to rt strain ; to confiue. 
Boundary, s. a limit ; abound. 
Bounty, s. generosity; munificence. 

Bow, *. a bending of the body in sign of respect; an in- 
strument to shoot arrows. 
Bow'els,!. pi. internal parts of the body. 
Bow'er, s. an arbour ; an apartment. 

Bowl, s. a large ball of wood to play with ; a large basin. 
Box, 5. a tree ; a seat in a play-house ; a case of wood ; 
Box, v. to fight with clenched fists. [a blow, 

Boy, s. a male child ; a youth. 
Brace, s. a bandage ; tightness ; a pair. 
Bracelet, s. an ornament for the arms. 
Bracket, s. a small support of wood. 
Brackish, a. tasting of salt. 
Brag, v. n. to boast; to swagger. 
Braggart, s. a boas'er. 
Braid, v, a* to weave together. 
Brain, s. a soft substance within the skull, 
D 



BRA BRI 

Brake, s. fern ; brambles. 

Bramble, s. a prickly bush ; a thorny shrubs 

Bran, s. the husks of corn ground. 

Branch, s. a small bough ; a shoot; a part. 

Brandish, v. a. to wave or flourish. 

Brandy, s. a strong liquor. 

Brasier, s. one who works in brass. 

Brass, s. a yellow metal. 

Brave, a. courageous ; gallant ; noble ; excellent 

Bravery, s. courage. 

Brawl, s a quarrel ; noise ; low abuse. 

Brawn, s. the flesh ot the boar. 

Bray. v. n. to m-ike a loud noise like an ass. 

Brazen, a. made of brass ; impudent 

Breach, s. an opening; a gap ; a difference ; a quarrel* 

Bread, s. food made of ground corn. 

Breadth, s. the measure from side to side. 

Break, s. an opening ; a failure ; a pause. 

Breakfast, 5. the first meal in the day. 

Breast, s. part of the body. 

Breastplate, s. armour for the breast. 

Breath, s. life ; moving air ; a breeze. 

Breathe, u. n. to draw breath. 

Breed, s. a kind ; a race ; offspring. 

Breed, v. a, to bring up -, to take care of. 

Breeding, s. education ; manners. 

Breeze, 5. a gentle wind. 

Brethren, s. the plural of Brother. 

Brevity, 5. shortness. 

Brew, v. a. to make liquors. 

Briar, s. a prickly plant. 

Bribe, s. a gift to pervert judgement. 

Brick, s. a mass of burnt clay ; a small loaf/ 

Brick-kiln, s. a kiln used to burn bricks in. 

Bridal, a. belonging to a wedding. 

Bride, s. a woman newly married. 

Bridegroom, $. a man newly married* 

Bridewel, s. a house of correction. 

Bridge, s. a passage built over water. 

Bridle, s. a headstall ; restraint ; a check. 

Brief, a. short ; concise ; contracted ; narrow 

Bright, a. shining ; clear ; witty. 

Brighten, v. a, to make bright ; to clear up. 

Brilliant, a, shining -, sparkling. 



BRI BUD 

Brim, 5. the edge ; the bank of a fountain. 

Braided, «. streaked ; tabby. 

Brine, s. a salt pickle. 

Bring, v. a. to fetch ; to conduct ; to lead ; to prevail upon. 

Brink, 5 the edge of a place, as of a precipice, &c. 

Brisk, a. lively ; gay ; bright. 

Bristle, s. the surf hair of swine. 

Brfstol-stonr, s. a kind of soft diamond, 

British, a. belonging to Grent Britain. 

Brittle, a. fragile ; apt to break. 

Broad, a. wide ; extended ; open j coarse. 

Brocade, s. a silken figured stuff. 

Broccoli, s. a species of cabbage. 

Broil, s. a tumult ; a quarrel. 

Broil, v. a, to roast on the fire. 

Br6ken-hearted, a. very uneasy ; cast down ; low. 

Bronze, s. a medal or statue cast in brass. 

Brooch, 5. a jewel worn in a lady's dress. 

Brood, s. a number of young chickens, ducks, or other 
birds, hatched together. 

Brood, v. tu to sit on eggs ; to muse. 

Brook. $. a running water ; a rivulet. 

Brook, v. a. t<» endure ; to bear; to suffer. 

Broom, 5. a shrub ; a besam to sweep with. 
Bro6mstick, s. the handle or stick of a broom. 
Broth, s. a liquor in which flesh is boiled. 
Br6ther, s. a male born of the same parents. 
Br6therhood, s. union ; a society ; a clan; an order. 
Brow, 5. ihe forehead ; the edge of a place. 
Brow'beat, v. a. to depress with stern look* ©r words. 
Brown, a. the name of a colour. 
Browse, v. a. to eat branches or shrubs. 
Bruise, s. a hurt in the flesh ; a crush. 
Brush, s. a useful instrument ; an attack. 
Brushwood, 5. a shrubby thicket. 
Brute, x. a creature without reason. 
Bubble, s. a water bladder. 
Buck, 5. the male of tallow deer, rabbits, &c. 
Bucket, 5. a vessel to carry water in. 
Buckle, s. a fastening 
Buckler, 5. a shield ; a defensive weapon. 
Buckram, s, a cloth stiffened with gum. 
Bud, 5. the first state of a flower. 
D2 



BUD BUT 

Bftdge*", s, a bag ; a pack; a store; stock. 

Buff, s. a leather made of buffalo's skin ; a colour nearly 

Buffet, s. a blow. [approaching to yellow* 

Bufr6t, 5. a kind of cupboard. 

Buffoon, s. an arch fellow ; a low jester. 

Bugle, s. a shining bead of glass, 

Buglehorn, s. a hunting horn. 

Build, v. a. to raise a building. — v. n. to depend on. 

Bulb, s. a round root, as of oniony &c. 

Bulk, s. size. 

Bull, 5. the male of the cow. 

Bulldog, s. a dog remarkable for courage, 

Bullace, s. a wild sour plum. 

Bullet, s. a round ball of metal. 

Bullion, s. gold or silver unwrought. 

Bullock, s. a young bull. 

Bully, s. a noisy quarrelling fellow. 

Bulrush, s. a large rush. 

Bulwark, s. a fortification. 

Bumper, s. a cup filled. 

Bunch, s. aknot.$ a cluster ; a hard lump. 

Bundle, s. a parcel of things bound together. 

Bung, s. a stopper for a barrel. 

Bungler, s. a bad workman. 

Bun, s. a cake. [weight; a mark, 

Buoy, s. a piece of cork or wood floating tied to a 

Burden, s. a load; uneasiness. 

Bureau, s. a chest of drawers. 

Bnrgess, s. a citizen ; a representative. 

Burglary, s. the crime of house-breaking. 

Burial, s. a funeral ; the act of burying. 

Burn, s. a hurt caused by fire. 

Burnish, v. a. to polish ; to make bright. 

Burrow, s. a rabbit hole. 

Burst, v. a. and n. to break asunder. 

Bury,i;. «. to put hito a grave; to conceal. 

Bush, s. a thick shrub. 

Bushel, s. a dry measure of four pecks. 

Bust, s. a head carved. 

Bustle, s. a tumult; a hurry. 

Busy, a. employed ; active; meddling. 

Butcher, s. one who kills animals to sell. 

Butler, 5. a servant employed in furnishing thetabl*. 



BUT CAM 

Butt, 5. a mark; an object of ridicule ; a large vessel. 

Butt, v. a. to strike with the head. 

Butter, s. food made from cream. 

Butterflow'er, Buttercup, s. a yellow flower of May. 

Butterfly, 5. a beautiful insect. 

Buttermilk, s the whey of churned cream. 

Buttock, s. the rump ; the part near ihe tail. [a bud. 

Button, 5. used for the ornamenting of clothes; a knob 3 

Buxom, a. lively; brbk; wanton; jolly ^ obedient. 

Buy, v. a. to pay a price for. 

Buzzard, s a hawk ; a blockhead : a dunce. 

By, prep, notes the agents, cause, or means. 

By-and-by', ad. in a short time. 

J*y'-w6rd, s. a cant word j a proverb. 



f^A'BBAGE,* a plant. 



Cabin, s. an apartment in a ship ; a cottage. 
Cabinet, s. a set of drawers ; a private room in which con 
Cable, s. a tlrid ropt tot a ship. [sultations are held* 

Cackle, v. a to cry like a goose or hen. 
Cadi, s. a magistrate among ihe Turks. 
Cage, j. a place ot confinement. 
Cajole, v. & to flatter j to soothe. 
Caitiff, s. a base villain ; a knave. 
Cake, s. a kind of sweet bread. 
Calamanco, 5. a kind of woollen stuff. 
Calamity, s. misfortune. 
Calculate, v. a. 1 mpute ; to reckon. 
Caldron, «. a pot; a boiler ; a kettle. 
Calendar, s. ait almanack ; a register. 
Calender, v. a. to give cloth a gloss. 
Calf,s. a young cow or bull ; a part of the \eg* 
Calic<>, s. a mar.utr.. ur made of cotton. 
Calif, Caliph, s. the highest priest of the Saracens. 
. Call, s. a demand ; address ; summons j a short visit. 
Call,r. a. to summon or invite. 
Calling, j. an employ mem or profession. 
Callous, a. hard ; insensible. 
Callow, a. wanting leathers. 
Calm, s eicnit ; annuel • repose, 
Calumnv,s Zander; false charge. 
Cambric, & exquisitely fine linen. 
D3 



CAM CAR 

Daniel, s. a beast of burden. 

Camelion, s. an animal said to live on air. 

Camomile, $. a plant. 

Camp, s. the dwelling of an army in war time. 

Camphor, s* a white gum. 

Can, s. a large mug with a lip. 

Canal, s. a bason or course of water. 

Canary-bird, s. a singing bird from the Canary Islands* 

Cancel, v. a. to blot out ; to destroy . 

Candid, a. fair; open. 

Candidate, s. one that solicits for a place. 

Candle, s. a light made of wax or tallow. 

Candlestick, s. a utensil to hold a candle. 

Candour, s. fairness of judgment ; purity of mind. 

Candy, v. a. to conserve with sugar. 

Cane, s. a walking-stick. 

Canine, a. having the property of a dog. 

Canister, s. a small box for tea. 

Canker, s. a disease ; an eating humour. 

Cannibal, s. a man-eater. 

Cannon, s. a large gun. 

Cannot, v. ru of can and not, to be unabje, 

Can6e, s. an Indian boat. 

Canopy, s. a covering elevated over the head. 

Canvass, s. a coarse stiff cloth ; a soliciting. 

Canvass, v. a. to sift y to examine ; to solicit. 

Cap, 5. a covering for the head; 

Capable, a. sufficient; able; qualified. 

Capacious, a. wide ; large ; extensive ; equal to great design. 

Capacity, s. ability ; room; condition. 

Caper, s. a leap; a jump ; a fruit.. 

Capital, s. a principal sum; stock ; a large letter; a chief 

Caprice, 5. fancy ; whim. [ Clt y» 

Captain, s. the commander of a ship, troop, or company. 

Captious, a. snarling ; peevish. 

Captive, s. one taken in war. 

Captor, s. he that takes a prisoner or a prize. 

Capture, s. a prize ; act of taking. 

Car, s. a cart; a chariot of war. 

Caravan, 5. a tro>p or body of merchants or pilgrirrs. 

Caravansary, $. a house built for the reception of travellers* 

Carbuncle, s. a jewel ; a red spot. 

Carcase, 5. the dead body of an animal, &6. 



CAR CAT 

Card, s. a paper painted ; a note; a square pasteboard. 

Cardinal, s. a dignitary of the Romish church. 

Care, s. concern * charge. 

Career s. a course j race ; motion. 

Carets, v. a. to fondle. [should be read, as (a> 

Carets, a note which shews where something interlined 

Cargo, 5. the lading of a ship, 

Carmine, s, a crimson colour. 

Carnage, s. slaughter ; havoc. 

Carnation, s, a fleshy colour ; a flower, 

Carnivorous, g/flesh-eajUbg. 

C£rof, s. a song of devotion. 

Carousal, $. a festival. 

Carouse, v. a. to drink ; to quaff. 

Carp, s. a fish, 

Carpenter, s. a winker in wood. 

Carpet, s. a covering for a floor. 

Carriage, s. behaviour ; that which carries. 

Carrot, s. a garden root. 

Carry, v. a. to bear; to hebave ; to sustain. 

Carts, a carriage for luggage. 

Carter, s. one who drives a cart. 

Cartridge, s. a paper case for gunpowder. 

Carve, v. a. to cut wood, stone, or meat. 

Cascade, s. a water-fall, 

Case, s. a box ; a sheath ; the state of things ; a circura- 

Casement, s. a window with hinges. [stance* 

Cash, i. coin; icady money. 

Cask, j. a barrel. 

Casket, s. a small box or chest of jewels. 

Cast, s. a throw ; manner ; air ; mien. 

Cast, v. a. to throw away ; to reckon. 

Castle, s. a house fortified. 

Casual, a. accidental. 

Casually, s. accident; chance. 

Cat, s. a domestic animal. 

Catalogue, s. a iist of names, Sec, 

Cataract, s. a large stream of water falling from a hiffSfc 

Catch, s. a song. [place, 

Catch, v. a. 10 stop ; to seize ; to ensnare ; to kindle. 

Catechism, jr. questions and answers concerning religion* 

Caterpillar, s. a worm. 

Cathedral', f. the head church of a bishop. 



CAT CHA 

Cattle, s. beasts of pasture not wild. 
Cavalcade, s. a procession on horseback. 
Cavalry, s. horse troops. 
Caudle, s. a mixture of wine with gruel. 
Cave, Cavern, s. a den; a hollow place* 
Cauliflower, s. a sort of cabbage. 
Cause, s. reason ; motive ; party. 
Cause, v. a. to effect as an agent. 
Causeway, 5. a raised way. 
Caution, s prudence ; warning. 
Cautious, a. wary ; watchful. 

Caw, v. n. to cry as a rook or crow. 

Cease, v. n. to leave off; to be at an end$ 

Cedar, s. a tree 

Cede, v. a. to yield ; to give up. 

Ceiling, s. the inner root. 

Celebrate, v. a. to praise loudly. 

Celerity, s. Swiftness ; speed. 

Celery, s a root. 

Celestial, a heavenly. 

Cell* s. a small close room ; a cave. 

Cellar, s. a place under ground where stores are kept, 

Cement, 5. that which joins together. 

Censor, s. a magistrate of old Rome. 

Censorious, a. addicted to censure. 

Censure, s. blame ; reproach. 

Centre, $ the middle. 

C6htury, «. a hundred years, [lity ; outward forms of state. 

Ceremony, s. external forms in religion ; forms in civ;- 

Ceitain, a, sure ; fixed ; determined. 

Certificate, 5. a testimony in writing. 

Certify, y. a. to give certain information. 

Chaff, s. the husks of com. 

Chaffinch, s. a bird. 

Chagrin, s. ill humour ; vexation. 

Chain, s. a line of links. 

Chair, s. a moveable seat; a sedan. x 

Chaise, s. a carriage of pleasure. 

Chaldron, s. a measure of thirty -six bushels. 

Chanc* , 5 a cup J a bowl. 

Chills, s a wmt earth 

Challenge, s. a summons to fight. 

Challenge, v, a, to claim ; to call to fight. 



CHA CHI 

Cb&mber, s. part of a house. 
Champion, s. a hero ; a stout warrior. 
Chance, s. fortune ; accident. 
Chancel, & the east end of a church. 
Chandelier, s. a branch fo'r candles. 
•Chandler, s. a pett}' shopkeeper. 
Change, s an alteration ; small money. 
Cha.'.geling, s. a child left for another. 
Channel, s the course for a stream. 
Chant, v. a. to singthe cathedral service. 
Chapel, $. a place of divine worship. 
Cbaplet, s. a wreath of flowers. 
Chapter, s, a division of a book. 
Char, s. a fish. 

Character, s. the qualities of a person; a letter or figure. 
Charcoal, 5. coal made of wood. 
Charge, s. care; command; cost; accusation. 
Charger, s a large dish ; a war-horse. 
Chariot, s. a kind of carriage. 
Charity, s love ; alms ; affection. 
Charm, s. a spell or enchantment. 
Charter, s. a patent; a privilege. 
Chjse, v. a. to hunt; to pursue. 
Chasm, s. a cleft ; a gap; opening. 
Chastise, v. a. to correct. 
Chat, s. idle talk ; prate. 
Chatter, s. noise of birds ; idle prate* 
Cheap, a. to be had at a low rate. 
Cheapen, t\ a. to ask the price. 
Cheat, s. a fraud ; a trick. 
Check, s. a restraint ; a sort cf linen. 
Cheek, s. a part of the face. 
Cheer, s. entertainment; temper of mind. 
Cheese, s. food made of milk curds. 
Civ esecake, a. a cake of curd,, sugar, &c. 
Cherish, v. a, to support ; to nurse with anxiety. 
Cherry, s. a ruddy fruit. 
Cherub, s. a celestial spirit. 
Chess, s. a well known game. 
CmSssnut, s. a sort of fruit; a brown colour. 
Chest, s. a box of wood ; the breast. 
Chew, v. a. to grind with the teeth. 
Chick, s. the young of hens. 



CHI CIR 

Chide, -p. «. to rebuke ; to reprover 
Chief, s. a leader. — a. principal. 
Chieftain, s. a leader ; a commander. 
Chilblain, s. a sore made by frost. 
Chid, s. an infant. 
Chill, v. a. to make cold. 
Chil y, a. somewhat cold. 
C'ume, s the music of bells. .. 
Chuuera, 5. a vain wild fancy. 
Chimney, s. 3 passage for smoke. 
Chin, s. the lowest part of the face. 
China, s. a country in Asia so called ; fine earthen«.ware f 
Chink, s. a small opening. — 1/. a, to jingle as money, 
Chip, 5. a morsel of wood. 
Chirp, v. ». to imitate the note of birds. 
Chisel, 5. a tool used by carpenters. 
Cbivts, s. smal' onions. 
Choice, s. the power of choosing. 
Choice, a. select ; of great value. 
Choir, s. part of a church ; a set of singers* 
Choke, v. a. to suffocate ; to block up. 
Ch6ler, s. anger. 

Choose, v «. to pick out ; to make choice, 
Chop, s. a piece of meat. 
Chop, v. a. to cut ; to mince. 
Ch6ra), a. belonging to a choir. 
Ch6rister, s. a singer in cathedrals. 
Chorus, s. a number of singers in concert. 
Ch6sen, a. made choice of. 
Christen, v. a, to bap'ise : to name. 
Christian, s. a follower o; Christ. [25th of December- 
Christmas, s. the feast of the nativity of Jesus Christ, the 
Chronology, s. the art of comp itin^time. 
Chump, s« a thick piece of wood. 
Chur< h, s the place where Christians worship God* 
Churl, s. a rustic ; a rude man. 
Churn, s. a ve sel to make butter in. 
Cider, St a drink made of apples. 
Cinder, s. a coal that has ceased to flame. 
Cinnamon,, s. a spice ; bark of a tree. 
Cion, s. a shoot from a plant. 
Circle, 5. a round line. 
Circuit, 5. the act of moving round. 



CIR CLI 

Circular, <*• round like a circle. 

Circulate, v, a. to put about [sound broad, thus ( A ). 

Circumflex, s. an accent over a sy (able to make it 
Circumscribe, v. a to inclose ; to confine. 
Circumspect, a. watchful. 
Circumstance, s. somethi'g that happens* 
Cistern, 5. a vessel to hold water. 
Citadel, s. a fortress ; a castle- 
Cite, v. a; to summon ; to quote* 
Citizen, s. a freeman of a city* 
Citron, s. a fruit. 
City, s. a town wilh a bishopric. 
Civil, a. belonging loa state ; obliging* 
Clack, s. the noise of a mill. 
Claim, v. a. to demand of right. 
Ci&rober, v. n. to climb with difficulty. 
Clammy, a. that sticks to the fingers. 
Clamour, s. outcry ; noise. 
Clandestine, a. secret. 
Clang, s. a sharp shrill noise. 

CIap> s. a noise ;. thunder ; the applause of a theatre. 
Clipper, s. the tongue of a bell. 
Claret, s. a French wine. 
Clarion, s. a trumpet. 
Clash, v. a. to strike together; to oppose. 
Clasp, s, a broad metal hook with a hole to receive it* 
Clasp, v. a. to embrace ; to inclose. 
Class, s. rank; degree; order. 
Clatter, v. a. to make a confustd noise. 
Clause, s. part of a sentence. 
Claw, 5. the foot of a beast or bird. 
Clay, $. a common earth. 
Clean, v. a. ta free from dirt. 
Cleanly, a. neat. 
Cleanse, y. a. to make clean. 
Clear, a. bright; guiltless. 
Cleaver, 5. a butcher's hatchet. 
Clemency, s. mercy ; humanity. 

Clergyman, 5. a man who performs the service in churches* 
Clerk, s. a writer or book-keeper; the man who says after 
Clever, a. dextrous ; shilful. [the minister. 

Cliff, s. a steep rock. [irieg 

Climate, *. the air, hot, cold, moist, dry, la difftreat coin" 



C L I COD 

Climb, t>. a. to r.scend. 

Clinch, v. a. to fasten, as by bending the point of a naif 

after it has been driven. 
Clins;, v . n. to twine round. 
Clink, v. a, to sound like metal. 
Clip, v. a. to cut. 
Cloak, s. the outer garment. 
Clock, s. a machine to tell the hour. 
Clod, s. a lump of clay. 
Clog, $. a sort of shoe ; an nindrance. 
Cloistqr, s, a religious retirement. 
Clcse, a. shut ; private. 
Cl6set,s. a s>i>allroom. 
Cloth, s. linen or woollen woven. 
Clothe, ■*;. a. to cover with dress. 
Clothes, s. pi. vestments ; dress. 
Clothier, s. a maker of cloth. 
Cloud , s. a body of vapours in the air. 

Clover, s. a species of grass. 

Clown, s. a coarse ill-bred man. 

Cloy, v. a. to over fill the stomach. 

Club, s. a stick ; a society. 

Cluck, v. n. to call as a hen 

Clumsy, a. auk ward \ heavy. 

Cluster, s. a bunch. 

Coach, s. a carriage of pleasure. . 

Coal, s. a mineral used for tiring. 

Coarse, a. not refined ; rude. 

Coast, s. an edge; a shore j a bank. 

Coat,s. the upper garment; the covering of any anirnaL 

Coax, v. a. to wheedle ; to natter. 

Cobble, v. a. to mend coarsely. 

Cobweb, s. a spider's web. 

Cockade, s. a bow of ribband worn in the hat, 

Cockatrice, s. a serpent. 

Cockle, s. a small shell fish. 

C6ck-loft, s. a room over a garret* 

C6cks-comb, s a plant. 

C6coa, s. a kind of palm-tree. 

Cod, s. a sea fish. 

Code, s. a book of laws. 

C6dicil, s. an addition to a will* 

Codling, «• an apple. 



C O E COM 

Coequal, a. equal. 

Coffee, s. the berry of an Arabian tree. 

Coffer, s. a money chest. 

Coffin, s. a chest for a dead body. 

Cogitation^ s. thought ; meditation. 

Cohibjt, v. a. to live together. 

Coheir, s. a joint heir with another. 

Com, 5. money stamped with a lawful impression, 

Coinage, s. the practice of coining money. 

Coincide, v. n. to agree with. 

Cold,s. thinness of air; a disease. 

Coldness, s. want of heat. 

Colewort, s. a sort of cabbage. 

C61ic,s. a pain in the bowels. 

C61Iar, s. something round the neck; 

Collar, v. a. to seize by the collar. 

Collate, v. a. to compare j to examine. 

Collation, s. a repast. 

Colleague, s. a partner 

Collect, s. a short prayer. 

Collect, v. a. to gather together. 

College, s. a house or school for learning* 

Collegian, s. a member of a college. 

Collier, s. a digger of coals. 

Colliery, s. the place where coals are dug* 

C6!on, s a point., thus (:^. 

Colonel, s. the commander of a regiment, 

Colonnade, s. a row of pillars, or columns. 

Colony, s. a body ef pewple drawn from the mother- 
country to inhabit some distant place. 

Colossus, 5. a statue larger than the life. 

Colour, s. the reflection of rays of li^ht ; painters say 
there are only three colours, blue, red., and yellow. 

Colt, s. a young horse. 

Column, s. a pillar. 

Comb, s. an instrument for the hair ; the crest of a cock, 

Combat, s. contest ; battle. 

Combine, v. n. to unite ; to agree. 

Combustible, a. that -will easily burn. 

Combustion, s. a burning. 

Come, v. a. to draw near. 

Comedian, s. a comic actor ; a player, 

Cumeiy, a. decent ; graceful ; pretty, 

Comet, s. a blazing star. 

E 



COM 

Comfit, s. a lurid of sweetmeat. 
Comfort; s. support 5 ea>f. 
Co me a. relating t comedy. 
r<6mica , a. rneirs ; droll. 
Comma, s. a ptnnr, inailted thus (,), 
Gommai)cl,s. tfte ngi t of commanding; an act of com., 
Coiumemwiaie v, a. to celebrate. [mancw 

C<...jme C,v n. to begin. 
Commend, v a, o> praise. 
Comment, $ ex^lnnation ; note. 
Commentary, s. an explanation. 
Cumme rc^, S. trnde ; tr.'fhc. 

Commiserate, v. a to pny. Rations, 

Commissary, s. a person employed to make certain regu* 
Commission, s. a trust ; a warrant of office. 
Commi», v. a. to intrust to the care of, 
Comni6dity, s. any kind of goods ; merchandize. 
Comnnxh.re, s. the captain who commands a certain 
number of ships. > 

C6niif»" 11. s. an open uncultivated country. — a. vulgar 5 

Coo motion, s. tumult. > [public ; equaU 

Commune, v.n to converse. 

Communicate, v. a. to give information to another, 

Connnu lion, s. holding together. 

Community, s. the nation in general. 

C6mpact, s. an agreement,, - 

Compact, a. firm ; close. 

Companion, S. a partner* 

Com pan v, s* persons assembled together. 

Compare,?;, a. to take account of the qualities nf things 
in regard to each other, [compared,- 

Comparison, s. the act of comparing ; the state of being 

Compass, s. a circle; the instrument for guiding the 
course of a ship ; pi. the instrument with which circles 

Compassion, s. pity. - [are drawny 

Compatible, a- consistent with. 

Compel, vl a. to force. 

C upendious, a short. 

C onpendium, s.- an abridgement. 

Compensate, v* a. to recompense, 

C6mpetent, a. qualified ; fit. - 

Competition, s. a contest. 

Competitor, $. a rivaK [the/. 

Compile, v, a. to bring parts of different authors toge* 



COM CON 

Complacency, s. mildness ; favour. 
Complain, v. n. to inform against. 
Complaint, s. a lamentation ; a disease. 
Complaisant, a. civil. 
Complement, s. the full quantity. 
Complete, a. perfect ; full. 
Complexion, s. the colour of the face, &c» 
.Complicate, u. to invn've ; to perplex. 
C6nipliiueiii f $. a speech or act of civility. 
C< mpiy', v. n. to yield to. 

Comp6se,i'. a. to quiet ; to settle ; to put together* 
Composure, s. order; tranquillity. 
Comprehend, v, a. to include ; to understand. 
Compile, v. a* to include. 
C6ropromise, v. a. to settle a difference, 
Compulsion, s. the act of . forcing, 
Compunction, s. sorrow with regret, 
Compute, v. a. to reckon. 
Cdmrade, s. a companion. 
Con, v. a. to study ; to get by heart 
Conceal, v. a. to hide. 
Concede, v. a. toal ow ; to yield. 
Conceit, s. a fancy ; an idea ; an opinion ; silly pride* 
Conceive, r. n', to imagine ; to comprehend. 
Concern, s. at? air ; v. a. to affect ; to interest. 
Concerning, prep, relating to. 
Concert,'!?, a. to contrive ; to adjust. 
C6ncert, s. a piece of music in parts. 
Concession, $, the act of yielding. 
Conciliate, v. a. to incline a person to favour. 
Concise, a. brief; short. 
Conclude, v'a. to finish. 
Conclusion, 5. thernd. 
Concu^ive, a. decisive. 
Concord, s. agreement. 
C oncord ant, o* agreeing. 
Concourse, s. a number of people. 
Concur, v, a. to agree m one opinion* 
Concussion, s. ash- king. 

Condemn, r. a. to tenure; to .pronounce judgment on« 
Condescend, v. a. to yield with kindness. 
Condign, a. deserved. 

Condition, s. quality; state; rank; teim on whtcb a 
Condole! v, a, to lament with. [thing is granted. 

£2 



CON 

Conduce, v. n. to Lelp. 
C6nduct, s. behaviour; management* 
Conduct, v. a. to lead. 
C6nduit, 5. a water-pipe. 
Coni6ction, s. a sweetmeat; a mixture. 
Conf6derate, s. an ally. 

Confer, v. a. to bestow ; to hold discourse with. 
Confess, v. a. to acknowledge; to relate offences to 3 
priest in order to absolution, as practised by the Roman 
Confide, v. n. to trust in. [Catholics. 

Confine, s. a boundary. 
Centnie, i>. a. to imprison ; to restrain. 
Confirm, v. a. to make certain; to fix. 
Conflagration, s. a raging fire. 

Confirm, v. n. to comply with. [other. 

Conformation, s. the torm of things as relating to each 
Confound, v. a. to mix lnfeggntarly ; to perplex. 
Confrat6rnity, s. a body flft religious men. 
Confr6nt, v, a. to bring face to fac»- ; to compare. 
Confuse, v. a. to interrupt ; to perplex. 
Confute, v. a. to disprove. 
Congeal, v. ». to freeze. 

Congenial, a. of the same nature ; in agreement with* 
Congratulate, v. a. u> wish a person joy. 
Congregation s a collection of persons. 
Cnngru;ty, s. fitness. 
Congruous o. suitable to. 
Conjecture, s. a truess. 
onjoin, tf. a. «o unite. 
Conjoint a. in union together. 
Conjugate v. a. to recite the variations of verbs. 
Conjunction, s. union; apaitof speech. 
Conjuncture, s. an occasion; a critical time; a falling 
Conjure, v»a to charge solemnly. [together. 

Conjure, v. a to practise enchantment. 
Connect, V. a. to join ; to unite. 
Conniv: , v. n. to pretend not to see ; to wink at. 
Conquer v. a. to overcome. 
Conquest, 5. success in arms. 
C6o science, s. a feeling that we do right or wrong* 
Conscie tious, a. exact in dealing ; just. 
Conscious a. with knowledge. 
Consecrate, v. a. to make sacred. 
Consent} s. agreement; permission, 



CON 

Consequent, a. following naturally. 

Conserve, s. a sweetmeat. 

Consider, v. a. to examine; to take account of; to regard. 

Considerate, a. rational. 

Consign, v. a. to makeover. 

Consist, it.n. to be made of. 

Consistence, ) 5. the natural state of bodies ; agrea* 

Consistency! $ mei-.t; substance. 

Consistent, a. not contradictory. 

Consolatory, a. tending to curuioit. 

Cuws61e, v. a. to cheer. 

Cons61idate, v, a/to harden ; to make two bodies one 

Cdnsonant, s. a letter not sounded by jtself 

Co sonant, a. agreeable to. 

Cons rt, s. a Companion. r 

Contort, v. n. to associate with. 

Conspicuous, a. eminent. 

Conspiracy, $. a plot. 

Conspire, v. a. to plot* 

C6nstable, s. a peace officer. 

C6nstant, a. firm ; certain. 

Constellation, s. a cluster of fixed stars, 

Con<ternauon, s. dread ; surprise. 

C61 stifute, v. a. to appoint ; to make up, 

Constitution, $. frame of body or mind; law ) form of 

Constrain, v. a. to c >mpel. [government. 

Constraint, s. violence. 

Construct, v. a. to build. 

Construction, s, a building; the syntax in grammar. 

C6ostrue, v. a, to explain. 

C6nsul, s. a Roman magistrate ; a person who manages 

the trade of his nation in foreign states* 
Consular, c. relating to a consul. 
Consult, v. a, to plan ; to advise with another. 
Qjnsfame, ?\ a. to waste ; to destroy gradually. 
Consummate, a. complete. 

Consumption, s. the act of consuming; waste ; a disease. 
Consumptive^ a. wasting. 

Contact, s. touch. * 

Contagion* s. infection. 
Com ay ions, c. infectious. 
Contain, v. a. to hold. 

Contaminate, v. a. to corrupt by base, mixture* 
Cent6mn # v, a, to deipise, 

£3 



\ 



<r 



CON 

Contemplate, v. a. to study • to meditate 

Contemporary, a. living at the same time. 

Contempt, s. scorn. 

Contend, v. n. to dispute. 

Content, s. satisfaction ; happiness. 

Contention, s. strife. 

C6 test, s. dispute. 

Contiguous, a. bordering so as to touch. 

Comment, s. a portion of land comprising various states 

Contingent, a. accidental. [or regions. 

Continue, v. n. to remain in the same state. 

Cont6rtion. s.a twist. 

Contour, s. the outline. 

Contract, s. a bargain. 

Contract, v. a. and n. to shorten; to bargain ; to betroth. 

Contraction, s. a. shortening* 

Contradict v. a. t oppose. 

Contrary, a.jppposite. 

Contrast, s. opposite qualities. 

Contrast, v, a. to place in opposition. 

Contribute, v. a. to bear a patt. 

C6ntrite, a. penitent. 

Contrive, v. a. to plan. 

Control, s. a check ; power of checking. 

C6utrover, t «y, s. a dispute • a quarrel. 

Controvert, v. a. to call in question a statement. 

C6ntumely, s. rudeness j insult. 

Contusion, s. a bruise. 

Convalescent, a. recovering health. 

Convene, v. a. to call together. 

Convenient, a. fit ; proper. 

C6uvent,s. a house for monks, nuns, or friars. 

Conv£nucie, s. an unlawful assembly for worship. 

Convention,*, an assembly ; a coi tract. 

Converse, v. n. to talk in dialogue. 

Conv. rt s. o;.e who is maue religious. 

C' nv£rt, v. a. to change fromirreligion to piety; to turn j 

Convey', v. a. to carry ; <o send. [to apply to a use. 

C6n\ict, s. a prisoner tried and found guilty. 

Conviction, s. detection of guilt ^satisfactory proof. 

Convince, v. a. to satisfy by proofs. 

Conundrum, s. a sort of riddle. 

Convoke, v. a. to call together. 

Convey, s. attendance for defence, 



CON COS 

Convulse, v. a. to give violent involuntary raotiori* 

Coo, v. n. to cry as a dove or pigeon. 

Cook, s. a dresser of victuals. 

Coo), a. somewhat cold ; indifferent. 

Coop, s. a cage for poultry. 

Copartner, s. a joint partner. 

Copious, a. plentiful ; full. 

Copper, s. a metal ; a large boiler. 

Coppice, s. low woods cut at stated times for fuel. 

Copse, s. short wood. 

C6py, s. an exact resemblance ; manuscript; a pattern tfi 

Coral, s. a sea plant ; a child's ornament. [write after. 

Cord, s. a rope ; a string. 

Cordage, s. ropes of a ship. 

Cordial, s. a comforting draught. 

C6rdial, a. reviving ; kind. 

Core, s. the heart or inner part of any thing. 

Coriander, s, a plant. 

Cork, s. a tree ; its bark ; the stopple of a bottle. 

Cormorant, s a bird. 

Corn, $. grain. [points ; a place least in sight. 

Corner, s. the meeting of two lines drawn from different 

Cornet, s. a musiical instrument. 

Cornice, s. the heghest projection of a wall or column. 

Coronation, s. th «> olemnky of crowning. 

Coroner, s. an officer whose duty it is to enquire how any 

sudden death is occasioned. 
Coronet, s. an inferior crown worn by the nobility. 
Corporals, the lowest military officer. 
C6rporate, a. united in a body. 
Corporeal, a. having a body. 
-Corpse, s. a dead body. 

Corpulent, a. bulky. [amend, 

Correct, a. finished with exactness. — v. a. to punish ; to 
Correspond, v. n. to suit ; to answer ; to write alternate 
Curngible, a. that which may be amended. [letters. ' 

Corroborate, t?. a. to confirm a -statement. 
Corr6de, v. a. to eat away by degrees. 
Corrosive, a. able to corrode. 
Corrupt, a. vicious ; wicked. 

Corrupt, v. n. to become putrid ; v, a, to bribe ; to render 
C6rsair, s. a pirate, [wicked, 

Corse, s. a dead body; a carcase. 
Cost, s, price ; charge* 



Cot CO u 

Cot. Si a small house ; a hut. 

Coteniporary, a. properly written Contemporary. 

C6ttage, s. a hut. 

button, s. a plant ; the stuff made Of it. 

Couch, s. a seat of repose; 

Cove, Si a small creek or bay. 

Covenant, s. a contract, 

Cover, s. a screen ; a defence. 

C6verlet, s. the outermost of the bed-clothes; 

CoVert, s. a shelter ; a defence. 

Covet, v a. to desire earnestly. 

Covey, s. an old bird vvith her young ones. 

.Cough, s. a disease. 

Could, imperfect preterite of Can. 

Council, s. an assembly for consultations. 

Counsel, 5. advice ; a pleader. 

Count, v. a. to number ; to cast up. 

Countenance, s. the form of the face ; air, or look ; con* 
fidencc of mien ; protection. 

Counter, 5. base money ; a shop table. 

Counteract, v. a to hinder any thing from its effect. 

Counterbalance, 5. opposite weight. 

Counterfeit, 5. an impostor ; a forgery. 

Countermand, v. a. to contradict an order. 

Counterpane, s. the upper covering of a bed. 

Counterpart, 5. the correspondent part. 

Countess, s. the wife of an earl. 

Country, s. a tract of land ; a region ; rural parts ; the 

Country, a. rustic ; rural. [place of one's birth* 

County, s. a shire. 

Couple, s. two ; a brace ; a pair. 

Couplet, s. two verses ; a pair. 

Courage, s. bravery ; spirit. 

Courier, s. a messenger sent in haste. 

Course, s. a race ; career ; race-ground ; a service of 
meat ; measure of conduct ; track in which a ship 
sails ; progress . order ; succession ; train of action. 

Course, v. a. to hunt hares ; to pursue. 

Court, s. the residence of a prince : a hall, or seat of jus- 
Court, v. a. to woo ; to solicit. [tice ; a narrow street. 

Courteous, a. civil ; well bred. 

Courtesy, j. kindness ; favour ; civility. 

Courtesy, s. a gesture of respect or civility made by a 

Courtier, s. an attendant of a court, [woman, 



C O IT CRE 

Courtly, ad. elegant ; soft; flattering. 

Cousin, s. a term of relation between the children of hroi 

Cow, s.the female of a bull. [thers and sisters; 

Cow, v. a. to keep under ; to depress with fear. 

Cow'ard, s. one who wants courage. 

Cow'ardice, s. want of courage. 

Cow'herd, s. one who keeps cows. 

Cow'slip, s. a flower of the spring. 

C6xcomb, s. a fop. 

Coy, a. modest; reserved. 

Cozen, v. a. to cheat ; to trick. 

Crab, s. a shell fish ; a wild apple ; a peevish persons 

Crabbed, a. peevish ; harsh. 

Crack, s. a sadden noise ; a chink or cleft. 

Cracker, s. a squib. 

Crackle, v. n. to make slight cracks. 

Cracknel, 5. a hard brittle cake. 

Cridle, s. a bed to rock children in. 

Craft, s. trade ; cunning ; a small ship. 

Craftsman, s. an artificer. 

Crag, s. a rough steep rock ; the neck. 

Cragged, a. rough with stones. 

Cram, v. a. to stuff full; v. n. to eat greedily. 

Cramp, s. contraction of the limbs ; confinement ; a piece 

of ircn bent at each end. 
Crane, s. a bird ; an engine ; a crooked pipe. 
Cranny, s. a chink ; a cleft. 
Crape, s. a thin stuff for mourning. 
Crush, v. a. to break or bruise. 
Crash, s. a loud confused sound. 
Cr&vat, s. a neck-cloth. 
Crave, v. a. to ask earnestly ; to long for. 
Craw' fish, 5. the river lobster. 
Crawl, v. a. to creep ; to move slowly. 
Crayon, s a paste; a pencil. 
Crazy, a. broken ; weak ; maddish. 
Creak, v. a. to make a harsh noise. 
Cream, s. the oily part of milk. 
Crease, s. the mark made by folding any thing. 
Create, v. n. to form ; to cause ; to produce. 
Creator, s. the being that bestows existence ; God. 
Creature, s. a being created ; a word of contempt orten« 
Credence, s. belief; credit. [dernesi-w 

Credible, a. worthy of credit, 



CRE CRU 

jCredit, s. belief; influence. 

Ciedulous, a. easily deceived. 

Cieek, 5. a small bay; a cove. 

Creep, v. n. to mo e slowly ; to loiter. 

Qtesctnt s. a half moon ; « sen)ici cular building, 

Cresces.i, a. increasing ; growing. 

Cre^s, s. an herb. 

Cu si s. a p.ume of feathers } any tiling set over a coat 

Cievice 5. a. crack; h cleft. [of arms* 

Cen, 5 . a ship's company ) a set of mean persons. 

Crib, s. aioant/tr ; a stall or cottage. 

Cifbba^e, s. a gauie at cards. 

Cnck, s. stiffness r.nd pain in t! e neck. 

Cricket, s. a chirping inject ; a game v\nh bats and ballf. 

Crime, s. an offence ; a great fault. 

Crlmin 1. s. a guilty person. 

Crimination, s. an accusation ; a charge. 

Crfiusoinjs. a deep rrd colour. 

Cringe, v. a. to bow ; to fawn. 

Cripple, s. • lame man. 

Crispy a. curled ; rntle. 

Critic s. a man ^kdful in literature ; a sriarler ; acaviller„ 

Croak, 5. the cry * f a frog or raven* 

Crockery , y. earthen ware. 

Crocodile, s. a large voracious animal* 

Cr6cus. s. au early fl nver. 

Croft, s. a small close near a house. 

Crook, S. a crooked stick, 

trop,s. a produce ; the craw of a bird. 

Crop, v. a. to « lit short ; to mow ; to reap. 

Cross, s. a frame of wo« d for the execution of criminals \ 

a misfortune ; opposition. 
Cross, v. a. to lay athwart ; to pa«s over ; to oppose ; to 
Crouch, v. u. to stoop low ; to fawn; to cringe. [vex* 

Crow, 3. a bird ; an iron lever. 
Crow, i\n\ to make a noise like a cock. 
Crowd, s. a multitude. 
Crown, s. an ornament worn on the heads of sovereign 

princes; the top of the head ; a silver coin; a chaplet 

or garland. 
Crucifix, $. a figure representing our Saviour on the cross, 
Ciucity, v. a, to nail or fasten to a cross. 
Crude, a. raw ; unripe; undigested. 
"Crdel, fl. inhuman ; hard-hearted } bloody* 



CRU CUR 

Cruet, s. a small decanter. 

Cruise, v. a. to sad in quest of an enemy. 

Crumb, s. the soft part of >re-»d % a little bit of any thing. 

Crdrubls, v. a. and n. to break or fall imo pieces. 

Crupjier, s. a ieaiher thr.t goes over the horse's tail to 

kt ep the saddle right. 
Cms 1 ., v. a. ?o s jueeze ; to dispirit ; to ruin. 
Crust, s. the ca?e of a pie ; the outer hard part of bread. 
Crntco,s, a support used by cripples. 
Cry, s. a weeping; a shrieking. 
Cry'stal, & a transparent stone. 

C*b,s. the young of a beast j generally of a bear, fax, or 
Cu'ut, J. a measure* [lion* 

C&ckow, /. a bird. 
Cucumb r, j. a plant, and its fruit. 
Cudgel, s. a fighting stick. 
CutT, s. a bl'iw ; part ot a sleeve. 
Cull, v. a. to select. 
Culpable, a. criminal ; blaraeable. 
CuJpiit, j. a man accused of guilt, 
Cultivate, v. a. to till ; to improve ; to manure. 
Culture, s. the act ot cuHivation. 
Cumber, v. a. to embarrass. 
Cunning, j. artifice; slyness. 
Cup, s. a drinking vessel. 
Cupboard, s. a case for Gups, glasses, &c. 
Cupola, s. a dome ; an arched roof. 

Cur, s. a w.»rjhless dog. 

Curate, s. a clergyman hired to perform the duties of an* 

Curb, s. a part of a bridle ; a restraint, [other. 

Curd, s. milk changed to a solid substance. 

Curdle, v. a. and n.-to turn to curds. 

Cure, s. a remedy ; the act of healing ; the employment 

Curfew, s. the evening bell, £of a minister. 

Curi6sity, s. inquisitiveness ; a rarity* 

Carious, a: inquisitive ; nice. 

Curl, s. a ringlet of hair. 

Currant, s. a tree, and its fruit. [lation. 

Currency, s. the lawful money of a country ; free circu* 

Current, s. a stream of water ; a stream of air. 

Curse, 5. a bad wish ; a calamity. 

Cursory, a. hasty ; careless. 

Curtail, v. a. to cut oiF. [linen, or-silk. 

Curtain, s. the screen of a bed or window, made of stuff, 



CUR DAS 

Curve, s. a regular line not straight. 

Cushion, s. a soft seat ; a kind of pillow. 

Custard, s. a sweet meat made of eggs with milk and 

Custody, s. imprisonment; care ; security. [sugar. 

Custom, s. habit ; fashion; usage; the king's duties on 

imports and exports. 
Cut, s. a cleft or wound with an edged tool ; a slice of 

meat,&c. ; a printed picture. 
Cutlass, s. a broad cutting sword. 
Cutter, s. a quick sailing vessel. 
Cy'gnet, s. a young swan. 
Cy'mbal, s. a musical instrument. 
Cy 'press, 5. a tree ; an emblem of mourning. 
Czar, s. the title of the emperor of Russia. 
Czarina, s. the empress of Russia. 

D. 

DA'BBTE, v.n. to play in water. 
Dace, 5. a small river fish. 

Daffodil, s. a flower. 

Dagger, s. a short sword ; a bayonet. 

Dainty, s. something agreeable to the palate, and rare. 

Dairy, s. the place where milk is manufactured. 

Daisy, s. a spring flower. 

Dale, s. a vale ; a valley. 

Dam, s. a mother of brutes; a bank to confine water. 

Damage, s. mischief; loss; hurt. 

Damascene, s. a small black plum. 

Damask, g linen or silk woven in flowers 

Damp, a moist. 

Damsel, s. a young maiden. 

Dance, s. steps to music. 

Dandle, v. a. to fondle ; to play. 

Danger, s. risque; hazard. 

Dapple, a. of various colours. 

Dare,.i;. a. to defy. 

Dark, a. without light; gloomy. 

Darken, v. a. to make dark. 

Darling, s. a favourite. 

Darn, v. a. to mend holes. 

Dart, s. a weapon thrown by the hand* 

Dash, s. a mark in writing ; a line. 

Dastards, a coward, 



DAT DEC 

Date, s. the time at which any event happened, or when 

a letter is written. 
Dative, a. in grammar, the case that signifies the person 
Daub, v. a. to smear. [to whom, place to which* &c» 

Daughter, s. female offspring. 
Daunt, v. a. to discourage. 
Daw, s. a bird. 

Pawn, s. break of day ; beginning ; first rise. 
Day, s. the time between the rising and the setting of 

the sun is called the artificial day; the time from 

noon to noon is called the natural day. 
Daybook, s. a tradesman's journal. 
3>az2Je, v. a. to overpower with light. 
Dead, a. deprived of life. 
Deaf, a. wanting the sense of hearing. 
Deal, v. cu to distribute ; to give each his due 
Dealer, $. a trader. 
Dear, a. beloved ; costly. 
Dearth, s. scarcity; want; famine. 
Death, s. the extinction of life. 
•Debase, v. a. to lessen. 
Debate, s. a dispute ; contest. 
Debilitate, v. a. to make feeble. 
Debility, s. weakness. 
Debf,. s* money that is another's just due.. 
Decalogue, s. the ten commandments. 
Decamp, v. a. to shift the camp. 
Decant, v. a. to pour off gently, as wine» 
Decanter, s. a transparent bottle. 
Decay', s. a wasting. 
Decease, s. departure of life. 
Deceit, s. a fraud ; a cheat. 
Deceive, t. a. to mislead. 
December, 5. the last month of the year* 
Decent, a. becoming ; fit. 
Deception, s. a cheat. 
Decide, v. a. to determine. 

Decipher, v. a. to explain a cipher, or mysterious writing. 
Decision, J. determination. 
Decisive, a. determined. 
Deck, s. the floor of a ship. 
Deck, t?. a. to dress ; to adorn. 
Declaim, i>. n. to harangue. 
Declare, i\ a. to proclaim, 

P 



DEC DEG 

pecl£n?ion, s. variation of nouns. 

Decline, s. a decay. 

Decline, v.n. to lean downwards ; to deviate; to shun ; 

Declivity, s. gradual descent. [to decay. 

Decorate, v. a* to adorn. 

Decorous, c. dece; t; suitable to character, 

Dec6rum, s. decency ; fitness. 

Dec6y> v. a to ensnare. 

Decrease, s. a growing less. 

Decree, s. an edict ; a law, 

Decr£pid, a. weak from age. * 

Decry', v. a. to disparage ; to censure. 

Dedicate, i\ a. to inscribe to a patron. 

Deduce, v- a. to infer. 

Deduct, v. a. to subtract. 

Deed, s, action ; exploit j fact; a legal writing. 

Deem, u w. to judge. 

Deep, s. the sea. 

Deep, a. tar to the bottom ; abstruse. 

Deeply, ad. in a great degree. 

Deer, s. an animal hunted for venison. 

Deface, v. a. to disfigure. 

Defame, v. a. to slander. 

Default, s. omission ; defect. 

Defeat, s. an overthrow. 

Defect, s. a fault ; a blemish. 

Defence, s. guard ; vindication. 

Def6nd, v. a. to stand in defence ; to vindicate. 

Defendant, s. the person prosecuted in a suit at law. 

Deter, v. n. to put oif ; to delay. 

Deference, s. regard ; respect ; submission. 

Defiance, s. a challenge ; -expression of fearlessness. 

Deficient, a, wanting; defective. 

Defile, s. a narrow passage. 

Defile, v. a. to make foul ; 10 taint. 

Define, v. a. to explain ; to mark out. 

Definite, a. certain ; exact. 

Def6rm, v. a to disfigure. 

Defraud, v. a to rob, or deprive by a wile or trick. 

Defray', v. a. to pay the expence of. 

Defu .ct, a. deceased. 

Defy', v. a. to challenge ; to be fearless of. 

Deg6n^rate, a. declined fr<m good ; become ill. 

Degr&de, v. a. to humble ; to make low. 



DEG DEP 

Degree*, s. quality ; rank ; station ; proportion, 
Deject, v. a. to cast down ; to afflict ; 10 grievsr* 
Dejection, s. melancholy ; weakness. 
Deify, v. a. to make a Gnd of ; to adore. 
Deign, v. n, to voocl s fc ; to think worthy* 
Deity, 5. Divinity ; God. 
Deia/, s. a deltrri ig, oj putt?'. g off. 
Pele-g :te, s a dep ty 3 a commissi ner. 
Deliberate, a>. circumspect ; wary j slow. 
Delicate, a. soft; pure ; fine, 
Delicious, a. swec t. 
Delight, s. j<>y ; pleasure. 

Delineate, v. a. t. draw sfighlly ; to paint; to descrifc-ir* 
Delinquent, 5. an offender. 
Delirium, s. a short madi.essproduced by fever. 
Deliver, v. a. to give ; to rescue f to reilrte, 
Dell.s. a pit ; a valley. 
Delude, p. a.. to deceive. 
D£h»ge 7 , s an overflow of water. 
DeluSion, s. a cheat; a deception, 
Detusivq, a. a-pt to deceive. 
Demand, s. a ciaim ; a question. 
Demeanour, s. cat ridge; behaviour. 
Dement, s. Hi-deserving* 

Demise, ,5. death ; decease; resignation of any thing 
Demolish, i>. a. to destroy. 
Demon, s. a spirit ; a devil. 
Demonstrate, v. a. to prove with certainty. 
Demur, y. a. to doubt of; to hesitate. 
Demure, a, grave ; affectedly modest. 
Den, $. a cavern y a cave for wild beasts* 
Denial, s. a refusal. 
Denominate, v. a. to give a name to. 
Denomination, s_ a name given to a thing. 
Denote, v. a. to mark* 
Denounce, v, a, to threaten, 
Dense, at close ; solid ; not porous; 
D^ntfiiori,& cutting of teeth. 
Denunciation, 5. a public menace, or accusals!. 
Deny', v. a. to refuse ; to disown* 
Depart, vin. to go away ; to die, 
33epa» traent, s. a separate office. 
Departure, s. a going away; death* 
Depend, v, zu to hang upon ; to trust to* 
Fit 



D'E'P DES 

Depict, v. a. to paint ; to describe. 
Depl6re,£>. a. to lament. 
Deponent, s. witness upon oath. 
Dep6pulate, v. n. tu unpeople. 
Deportment, s. cond uct ; behaviour. ' 
Depose, v. a. to witness; to degrade. 
Deposit, v. a. a pledge or security given. 
Deprave, v. a. to corrupt • to make vicious. 
Deprecate, t\ a. to pray that God wuuld avert. 
Depreciate, v. a. to undervalue. 
Depredation, s. a robbing ; a laying waste. 
Depress, v. a. to humble ; to deject. 
Deprive, v. a, to take from. 
Depth, j. deepness; obscurity* 
Depute, v. a. to empower to act. 

Deputy, s. a lieutenant; a viceroy; one that transacts 
Dereliction, s. a forsaking. [business for another* 

Deride, v a. to laugh at; to mock. 
Derision, s. scorn. 

Derive, v. a. to trace ; to descend from. 
Derogate, v. n. to detract ; to lessen, 
Dervise, s. a Turkish priest* 
Descant, v. n. to discourse at large. 
Descend, v. n. and a. to come down \ to come from-* 
Desc&nt, j. a declivity ; birth. 
Describe, v. a. to represent by words. 
Inscription, s. the act of describing, 
Descr/, v.a. to spy out; to discover. 
Desert, s. a waste country. 
Desert, v. a. to forsake ; to quit. 
Desert, s. merit ; a claim to reward- 
Deserve, v a. to merit. 
Design, s. an intention';, a scheme. 
Designedly, ad. intentionally. 
Designing, p. a. deceitful. 

Desire, s. wsh ; eagerness to enjoy, ^ .^ 

Desfs , v. n. to cease from. 
Desk, s. an inclined table to write oil 
Desolate, a. mrd waste. 

Desolate, v.a. to lay waste. * ' " 

Despair, s. hopelessness. 
Desperate, a. without hope. 
Despicable, a. contemptible* 
Despise, v. a. to scorn, 



DES DIA 

Despite, s. malice ; an^er. 

Desp6nd, v. n. to despair, 

Despot, 5. an absolute prince, 

Dessert, s. the last course at a feast, 

Destine, v. a. to doom j to appoint, 

Destitute, a. forsaken. 

Destroy', v. a. to 1 »y waste ; to kill. 

Destruction, 5. ruin, 

Destructive, a. qualified to destroy. 

Desultory, a. unconnected. 

Detach, v. a. to separate. 

Detachment, s. a party sent off. 

Detail, s. a minute or particular account. 

Detain, p. a. to hold in custody. 

Detect, v. a. to discover. 

Detention, s. the act of detaining. 

Deter, v. a. to discourage. 

Determine, v. a. to resolve ; to decide ; to settle* 

Detect, v. «. to hate extremely. 

Dethrone, v. a. to divest of royalty. 

Detract, v. a, to take awa}' ; to calumniate* 

Detriment, s. loss ; damage. 

Devastation, s. waste. 

Develop, v. a. to unfold. 

Deviate, v, n. to w-mder } to go astray. 

Device, 5. contrivance; an emblem. 

Devious, a. out of the common track. 

Devise, s. the act of giving or bequeathing by will, 

Devise, v. a. to contrive ; to bequeath by will, 

Devolve, v. n. to fall by succession. 

Devote, v. a. to dedicate. 

Devotee, s. a bigot. 

Devotion, 5. piety ; disposal. 

Devour, v. a. to eat ravenously* 

Devout, a. pious; religious. 

Dew, s. a thin cold vapour. 

Dexterous, a. expert. 

Diadem, s. a crown. 

Dial, s. a plate where the hand shows the hour. 

Dialect, 5. manner of expression ; language ; speech* 

Dialogue, 5. a conversation between two or more* 

Diamond, s. a highly valued gem. 

Diaper, s. a flowered linen. 

Diary, s, a daily account. 

S3 



DIB DIR 

Dibble, s. a gardener's planting tool. 

Dictate, v. a. to tell what to write. 

Dictator, s. a magistrate of Rome; a ruler. 

Dictatorial, a. authoritative. 

Diction, s. style; language. 

Dictionary, s. a book of words explained in alphabetical 

Die, v. n. to lose life, for&er. 

Differ, v. n. to be unlike ; to disagree. 

Difficult, a. hard to be done, or understood,. 

Diffident, a. not confident; distrusting. 

Diffuse, v. a. to spread abroad. 

Dig, v. a. to turn up or cultivate land. 

Digest, v, n Ao arrange; to dissolve, as food in the stomach. 

Dignity, v. a. to advance ; to prefer. 

Dignitary, s. a clergyman of superior rank. 

Dignity, s. grandeur ; rank ; honour. 

Digress, v. n. to wander from the subject of discourse. 

Dike, s. a bank ; a mound. 

Dilate, v. a. to extend. 

Dilatory, a. tardy ; slow. 

Dilemma, s. intricacy. [time. 

Diligent, a. persevering; strict in the improvement of 

Dilute, 17. a. to make thin or weak by adding water. 

Dim, a. not clear in sight. 

Dimension, s. bulk ; extent ; length,, breadth, or thickness, 

Diminish, v. a. to make less. 

Diminution, s. the act of making less. 

Diminutive, a. very small. 

Dimity, s. a fine' kind of' fustian. 

Dimple, s. a hollow in the cheek or chin. 

Din, s. a loud continued noise. 

Dine, v. n.to partake of the chief meal of the day. 

Dingle, 5. a hollow between hills. 

Dinner, s. the chief meal. 

Dint, 5. a stroke ; force ; power. 

Diocess,s. the jurisdiction of a bishop. 

Dip, 17. a. to ni"isten ; to immerse. 

Diphthong, s. two vowels joined together. 

Dire, a. destructive ; dismal. 

Direct, a. straight ; open ; plain. 

Direct, v. a. to oraei ; to regulate. 

Dirge, 5. a mournful ditty. 

Dirk., s, a kind of dagger. 



DIR I>IS 

Dirt, s\ mud; filth ; mire. 

Disable, v. a. to render incapable. 

Disabuse, v. a, to set right. 

D;»>*dvanta£e> s. loss ; injury, 

Disaffected, p. p. not wishing well to. 

Disaffection, s. want ofloyalty. 

Disagree, v. n. to differ in purpose or opinion* 

Disallow', v. a. to refuse ; to deny." 

Disappear, v. n. to vanish, 

Dissapoint, v. a. to defeat expectation, 

Disapprove, v. a. to dislike. 

Disarm, v. a. to divest of arms. 

Disarray', s. disorder; confusion. 

Disaster, s. a misfortune. 

Disband, v. a. to dismiss out ofservice. 

Disbelief, s. refusal of credit. 

Disbelieve, v. a. not to credit. 

Disburden, r. a. to unload. 

Disburse, v. a. to pay or lay out money. 

Discard, v. a. to dismiss. 

Discern, v. a. to see ; to judge. 

Discharge, j. a dismission ; payment. 

Disciple, s. one who follows the opinions or rules of an» 

Discipline, s. rule ; order ; correction. [other* 

Diclaim, v. a. to disown. 

Disclose, v. a. to tell ; to reveal. 

Discomfort, s. uneasiness. 

Dicompose, v. a. to disorder. 

Disconcert, v. a. to unsettle ; to put out of countenance* 

Disconsolate, a. sad ; without comfort. 

Discontent, s. *ant of content. 

Discontinue, v. a. to leave off. 

Discord, 5. disagreement. 

Discover, ». a. to find out. 

Discountenance, v. a. to discourage. 

Discourage, i'. a. to depress. 

Discourse, s. conversation ; a treatise. 

Discredit, j. want of trust. 

Discreet, a. prudent ; sober. 

Discretion, s. prudence; the judgment which each man 

forms uf what it becomes him to do. 
Discriminate, v. to distinguish justly one thing from an» 
Discuss, v* a. to examine. [other* 



DIS 

Disdain, s. scorn. 

Disease, s. distemper ; malady. 

Disembark, v. a. to carry to land. 

Disencumber, v, a. to free from incumbrance } to dlsbor* 

Disengage, 0. a. to set free. £«kifc» 

Disesteem, s. slight ; dislike. 

Disfigure, v. a. to deform. 

Disgrace, s. dishonour. 

Disguise, s. a dress to deceive ; hypocrisy. 

Disgust, 5. an aversion ; dislike. 

Dish, 5. a vessel to serve up meat in. 

Dishearten, v. a. to discourage. 

Dishonest, a. knavish; faithless. 

Dishonour, s. meanness ; ineloriousness ; ill fame* 

Disincline, v. a. to cause dislike. 

Disingenuous, a. unfair ; insincere. 

Disinherit, v. a. to deprive of inheritance. 

Disinterested, a. void of self regard. 

Disjoin, v. a. to separate; to part from each other; to 

Disjoint, i>. a. to put out of joint. [sunder. 

Dislike, $. aversion. 

Dislocate, v. a. to put out of joint. 

Dislodge, v. «. to move from its place. 

Dismal, a. sorrowful ; dark. 

Dismantle, v. a. to strip of furniture or accommodations* 

Dismay', s. fall of courage. 

Dismiss, v. a» to send away. 

Disobey", v. a. to transgress. 

Disoblige, v. a. to offend. 

Disorder, s. confusion. 

Dis6wn, v. a. to deny ; to disclaim a connection with, 

Dispassionate, a. cool ; calm. 

Dispatch, s. haste ; a message. 

Dispel, t». a. to drive away. 

Dispense, v. a. to distribute ; to exempt. 

Disperse, v. a. to scatter. 

Display', v. a. to spread wide. 

Displease, v. a. to offend, [incline the mind. 

Dispose, v. a. to give ; to place ; to bestow ; to sell ; to. 

Dispraise, s. blame; censure. 

Disprop6rtion, 5. un suitableness ; want of proportion. 

Dispute, s, a contest. 

Disqualify, t>. a. to make unfit. 

Disquiet, s. uneasiness, 



D r S D I v 5 

Disquisition, s. examination* 

Disregard, *. slight notice. 

Disrepute, s. disgrace* 

Disrespect, s. incivility. 

Dissatisfy, V. a. to displease, 

Dissect, v a. to anatomize. 

Di^eiwbl , v n.lo play the hypocrite. 

Disseminate, o. a to scatter seed ; to spread every wajy. 

jftssent, v n. to disagree in opinion. 

Dissertation, s. a discourse* 

Disservice, s. injury, 

Dissimilar, a. unlike. 

Dissimulation, 5. a dissembling ;. hypocrisy* 

Dissipate, v. a, to disperse ; to scatter. 

XHssoive, v, a. to melt, 

Dissolute, a. loose in conduct ; profligate,, 

Dissolution, s.«t dissolving; death. 

Dissonant, a. disagreeing. 

Dissuade, v. a to persuade against. 

Dissy 'liable, s. a word of two syllables. 

Distaif, j. the staff used in spinning. 

Distant, s. not near ; reserved in carriage. 

Distaste, a, disgust, dislike. 

Distemper, s. a disease ; a sort of painting,; 

Distend, v. a. to stretch out in breadth. 

Distinct, a. different. 

Distinguish, v. a. to discern. 

Distort, v. a. to twist \ to misrepresent. 

Distract, v. a, to divide ; to perplex ; to make ids <3v 

Distress, 5. a distraining ; misery ; want. 

Distribute, v. a. to divide among many. 

District; i. a circuit; a country ; a territory. 

Distrust, s* loss of confidence ; suspicion. 

Disturb, v. a. to disquiet. 

Disu<»on.i. separation ; opposition of temper or oplnic^s 

Disunite, v. a. to divide. 

Ditch, J. a trench cut in the ground. 

Ditto, s. as aforesaid ; the same thing repeated, 

Diuy. x. a poem to be sung. 

Dive, v, n. to plunge under water. 

Diverse, a* different. 

Divert, v, a. to entertain, * 

Divert, v. a. to make nuked ; to strip* 

Divide, v. a. to part ; to separate* 






t> I V DOW 

Divine, 5. aclergjmam 

Divine, a. heavenly 5 godlike. 

Divine, i\ to fore'el ; to prophesy. 

Division, 5. dividing or separating ; a share. 

Div6rce, s. legal separation ot husband and wife* 

Diurnal, a. performed in a day ; daily. 

Divulge, v~ a. to publish. 

Dizzy, a. giddy. 

Do, v. n. to act any thing, good or bad. 

D6ciie, a. apt to be taught. 

Doctor, s. a title in divinity, law, physic, Sec. 

D6ctrine, s. a maxim ; a rule in law or religion,. 

Doe, s. a female deer. 

Dog, s. a domestic animal, [tradictioit* 

Dogmatical, a. positive; magisterial; impatient of cwi- 

D6mgs, s. things done; events; bustle ; tumult. 

Dolphin, s. a fish. 

Domain, s. dominion ; estate. 

Dome, s. an arched roof or cupola. 

D >m6stic, a. belonging to a household. 

Domination, J. power; dominion; tyranny. [control* 

Domineer, v. n. to rule with insolence; to act without 

Dominion, s. sovereign authority; territory; regiwiu 

Donation, s. a gift or present. 

Donor, s. a giver; a bestower. 

Doom, s. judicial sentence; condemnation. 

Do6rasday, s. the day of judgment. 

Door, s. the entrance of a house. 

Dormitory, s. a room with many becls. 

Dormouse, s. an animal whick passes a great part of 

the winter in sleep. 
Dot, s. a small point or spot in writing. 
D6tage ; j. excessive fondness; imbecility from age. 
Dote, v. 7i. to love extremely ; to talk incoherent)?. 
Double, s. twice the quantity or number. 
Doubt, s. suspense ; suspicion. 
Dove, s. a wild pigeon. 
Dou^h, s. unbaked paste. 
Dow'er, s. a jointure; a wife's portion. 
Dow'las, /. a coarse kind of hnen. 

Down, s. feathers; soft woo], or hair; a large open p'aitt* 
Down, prep, along a descent. — ad. on the ground. 
Downcast, a. bent down. 
Dow'nright, a. plain ; open. 



DOW DRQ 

Dow'nward, a. bending down. 

Doze, v. n. to slumber, 

Do"sen, s. the number twelve. 

Drab, a. a light brown colour. 

Drag, v. a. to pull by force. 

Dragon, s. a serpent. 

Drain, s. a channel to carry off water. 

Drain, v. a. to empty ; to make quite dry. 

Drake, s. the male duck. 

Drapery, s. mercery ; the dress of a picture or statue. 

Draught, §. a bili for money ; an unfinished picture ; the 

quantity swallowed at once. 
Draw, v. a, to pull along; to unsheath ; to allure; to 

copy a-scene, %ure, or picture. 
Draw'bridge, s. a bridge made to be lifted up. 
Draw'er, s. one who draws; a sliding box in a case. 
Drawl, v. n. to spe <k slowly. 
Dray, s. the car in which beer is carried. 
Dread, s. fear ; terror ; awe. 

Dream, s. things which we conceive as happening, when 
Dreary, a. sorrowful. [we sleep. 

Dregs, s. the sediment of a liquor. 
Drench, v. a. to soak ; to fill with drink. 
Dress, s. clothes. 

Dresser, s. one who dresses ; a sort of kitchen table* 
Dribble, v. n. to drop slowly. 
Drift, s. design or intention. 
Drifter, a. to throw on heaps, as snow. 
Drill, s. an instrument with which holes are bored. 
Drittk, s. liquor to be swallowed. 
Drip, v. a. to fall in drops. 

Dripping, s. the fat that drops from meat while roasting, 
Drive, v. a. to force along ; to knock or fasten in ; to 
Drivel, v. a. to slaver; to dote. [guide a carriage, 

Drizzle, v. «. to fall in small drops. 
Droll, a. merry ; ludicrous. 
Dr611ery, s. idle jokes ; buffoonery. 
Dromedary, s. a sort of camel. 
Drone, s. an idle bee ; a sluggard. 

Droop, v.4i. to pine away. [the ear. 

Drop, s. a globule of moisture ; a diamond hanging in 
Dr6psy, s. a disease. 
Dross, s. the scum of metals. 
Drove, s, a body or number of cattle. 



D R O DUT 

Dr5rer, s. one who drives cattle to market* 

brought, s. dry weather ; thirst. 

Drown, v. a. to suffocate in water. 

JDrow'sy, s. sleepy;, dull. 

Drudge, s. one who labours in mean offices. 

Drug, s. a medicinal simple; any thing without worth 

Drugget, s. a coarse kind of woollen cloth. [or value* 

Druicft 5. an ancient British priest. 

Druirf; s. an instrument of military music. 

Drunk, a, disordered with liquor. 

Drunkard, s. one who is frequently drank. • 

Dryja. not moist ; without rain ; thirsty. 

Du'bious, a. doubtful ; uncertain. 

Ducal^ a. pertaining to a duke, 

Duck* S. a fowl. 

Duckling, s. a young duck. 

Due,' s. a debt ; right ; just title. 

Due/ a. owed ; proper; fit. 

DueUs. a combat between two. 

Du6t, s. a song set for two voices. 

Duke s -s. the next dignity below a prince. 

Dulcet, a. sweet ; harmonious; pleasing. 

Dulcimer, 5. a musical instrument. 

Dull, a. stupid ; blunt; sad. 

Duly, ad. properly ; fitly. 

Dumb, a. mute ; incapable of speech* 

Dumpling, s. a sort of pudding. 

Dun, s. a troublesome creditor. 

Dun, a. a colour between brown and black. 

Dunce, s. a boy who learns nothing. 

Dungeon, s. a dark prison under ground. 

Dupe, s. a credulous man. 

Duplicate, s. an exact copy of any thing. 

Duplicity, s. double dealing. 

Durable, a. lasting ; strong. 

Duration, s. continuance of time. 

During, prep, for the time of continuance. 

Dusk, s. the time of growing dark. 

Dust, s. earth that is dried to powder. 

Dust, S>. a, to free from dust. 

Dutchess, s. the lady of a duke. 

DutcBy, s. a territory which gives title to a duke. 

Duty, s, the conduct to which a man is bound. 



DWA EFF 

Dwarf, 5. a man greatly below the usual size* 
Dwelt, v. n. to continue long. 
Dwelling, s. habitation. 
Dwindle, v, n. to shrink ; to grow little. 
Pye, 5. a liquid in which cloth is dipped to change its co- 
lour ; the colour itself. 

E. 

EACH, prcn. either of two. 
E'ager, a. zealous ; earnest. 
E'agie, s. a bird of prey. 
E'aglet, s. a young eagle. 

Ear, s, the organ of hearing ; a spike of cor/'g* 
E'arwig, s. an insect. 
Earl, s. the title next below a marquis. 
E'arly, a, speedy ; soon. 
Earn, v. a. to gain by lab- ur. 
E'arnest, s. money advanced ; a pledge. 
E'arnest, a. zealous ; fixed ; eager. 
Earth, s. mould ; the world. 
E'arthquake s, shaking of the earth. 
Ease, s. quiet ; rest. 
East, s. the quarter where the sun ri?es. 
E'aster, s. the day on which the Christian church comme- 
morates our Saviour's resurrection. 
E'asterly, a, towards the east. 
E'astern, s. dwelling or found in the east. 
Eat, v: cf. to take food. 
Ebb,s. afiowingback. 
E'bony, s. a hard black wood. 
Ebullition, s. the act of boiling up, or over. 
Ecclesiastical, a. relating to the church. 
Ecclesiastic, s„ a clergyman. 
Economy, s. frugality ; regulation. 
E'cstacy, s. excessive pleasure. 
Edge, s. the sharp point of an instrument. 
E'dict, $. a proclamation, 
E'difice, s. a building. 

E'dify, v. a. to build ; to instruct ; to improve. • 

Edition, s. the number of a book printed at once. 
E'ditor, s. he that prepares a work for publication. 
E'ducate, v. a. to teach \ to instruct. 
Eel, s. a fish. 
Efface, v, a. to blot out. 

G 



E F F ELS 

Effect, s. th^,, which is produced* 

Effectual, a. powerful. 

Effeminacy, s. unmanly delicacy. 

Effervescence, s. the act of growing hot. 

E'fficacy, s. ability to effect. 

Efficient, a. causing effects \ powerful to cause. 

E'ffort, s. struggle. 

Effr6ntery, 5. impudence. 

Effulgent, a. shining ; bright ; luminous. [} n &*> 

Effusion, s. a pouring out ; the expression of strong feel* 

E'glentine, s. a species of rose. 

Egotist, s. one that is always talking of himself. 

Egregious, a, remarkably vicious. 

Ejaculate, v. to throw out with force -> to utter a short 

Either, pron. one or the other. [prayer. 

Elaborate, a. finished with great labour. 

Elapse, v. n. to pass away. 

Elastic, a. springing back when pushed or drawn out of 

Elate, a. flushed with success. [its place. 

E'ibow, s. the bending of the arm. 

E'Jbow-chair, 5. a chair with arms. 

E'lder, s, a tree ; a man in authority. 

E'lder, a. surpassing another in years. 

Elecampane, s. a plant. 

Elect, v. a. to choose ; to select for favour. 

E'legant, a. pleasing with minute beauties ; nice ; not 

Elegiac, a. belonging to elegy. [coarse. 

■^ e gy> s. a mournful song. 

E'lement, s. a simple body, of which there are held to 

be four, vis. earth, air, fire, and water. 
E'lephant s. the largest of quadrupeds. 
E'levate, v. a. to exalt. 
Elf, s. a fairy. 

Eligible, a. fit or liable to be chosen. 
Elision, s. the act of cutting off letters from a word, or 

words from a sentence. 
Elk, s. an animal of the stag kind. 
Ell, s. a measure. 
Elm, $. a tree. 

Elocution, s. utterance; delivery. 
E'logy, s. praise ; panegyric. 

E16pe, v. a. to run away"; to break loose ; to escape, 
E'loquent, a. having the power of speaking with fluency 
Else, pron. other ; besides. [and f tree. 



ELU ENC 

iSldcidate, v. to explain. 

Elude, v. a. to avoid by artifice. 

Emaciated, p a. having lost flesh. 

Emanate, v. n. to flow from. 

Emancipate, v. a. to set free from servitude. 

Embalm, v. a. to preserve a dead body by niean3 of art. 

Embark, v. a. to go or put on shipboard. 

Embarrass, v. a. to perplex. 

Embassador, s. one appointed to act for a prince or 

government in a foreign country. 
E'mbassy, s. a solemn public negociation. 
Embattle, v a. to range in order of battle. 
Embellish, v. a. to adorn. 
E'mbers, s. pi. hot cinders. 

E'rnbe^zzle, v. a. to secrete a part of w?^at is confided. 
E'mblein, 5. a picture representing some sentiment by 
Embrace, s. a clasp ; a hug. [visible imagery. 

Embrocation, s. a fomentation. 
Embroider, v. a. to decorate with figured work. 
Embroil, v. a. to puzzle ; to entangle. 
Emendation, s. correction of a writing or book. 
E'merald, s. a precious stone. 
Emerge, v. n. to issue ; to rise out of. 
Emergency, s. pressing necessity. 
E'mery, s. an iron ore. 

E'migrate, v. n. to move one's dwelling from one coun- 
E'minent, $. high; lofty. [try to another, 

E'mi.ssary, s. a secret agent. 
E'lnmef, A an ant ; a pismire. 
Em61ument,s. profit ; advantage. 

Emotion, s. disturbance of mind ; vehemence of passion. 
E'mperor, 5. a monarch of dignity superior to a king. 
E'mphasis, s. a remarkable stress laid upon a word or 
Emphatic, a. forcible \ strong ; striking. [sentence. 

E'mpire, 5. imperial power. 

Employ', v. a. to use industriously \ to keep at work. 
E'mpress, 5. the wife of an emperor. 
E'rapty, ff. void. 

E'mulate, i>. a. to rival ; to endeavour to equal ©r surpass, 
E'mulous, a. riv lling. 
Enable, v. a. to make able. 
Enact, v. a. to establish. 

Enamel, 5. one metal fixed upon another, so as to pro* 
Encamp, v. n. to pkch tents, [duce a variety of colours. 
G2 



ENC ENO 

Enchain, v. a. to fasten with a chain. 
Enchant, v. a. to bewitch ; to delight* 
Enchase, v. a. to set in gold or silver, 
Encircle, v* a, to surround ; to environ. 
Encomas , 5. a panegyrist; a praiser. 
En'coViiiUin, s. a panegyric ; high praise. 
Encompass, v. a. to inclose. 
Encotiatei-j s. a duel ; single fight; battle. 
Encourage, u. a, to give courage to ; to embolden. 
Eucioich, v. n. to nn.ke invasions upon the right of an- 
other ; 10 advance by siealt)». 
End, j. design ; point; conclusion. 
Endanger, v. a. to bring inro danger ; to hazard, 
Endear, v. a. to make beloved. 
Endeavour, s. labour directed to some end. 
E'ndive, s. an herb. 

Endow', v. a. to enrich with a portion or property. 
Endue, v. a. to supply with mental excellencies, 
Endure, v. a. to undergo ; to continue. 
E'nemy, 5. a toe ; an adversary. 
Energetic, a. forcible ; vigorous. 
E'nergy, s. power ; force. 
Enervate, Enfeeble, v. a. to weaken. 
Enforce, v. a. to strengthen. 
Enfranchise, v. a. to make iree. 

Engage, v. a and n, to bring into a party ; to embark in 
. an affair; to win by pleasing means ; to employ; to 
E'ngine, s. a machine. [figbt. 

E'nglish, a. belonging to England. 

Engrave, v. a. to cut words or pictures on metal or wood 
Engross', v. a. to monopolize. [to print from. 

Enhance, v. a. to advance in price, or value. 
Enigma, s. a riddle ; an obscure question. 
Enjoin, v. a. to prescribe 
Enjoy', v. d. to feel with pleasure ; to possess. 
Enkindle, v. a. to set on fire. 
Enlarge, v, a. to augment ; to increase. 
Enlighten, v. a. to instruct. 
Enliven, v. a. to make alive ; to animate. 
E'nnnty, 5. ill-will ; malice. 
Ennoble, a* to dignify. 
En6rraity, j. an atrocious crime. 

Enormous, a. irreguiar; extremely wicked 5 very larg*. 
Enough, s. a sufficiency. 



E N R E Q IT 

Enrage, v. a. to irritate. 

Enrapture, v. a. to transport with pleasure* 

Enrich, v. a. to make wealthy. 

Enr61, v. a. to register. 

Ensample, s. an example; a pattern. 

Enshiiue, v. a. to preserve in a shrine. 

Enslave, v, a, to deprive of liberty. 

Ensfie, v. a. to follow ; to pursue. 

Entail, s. an estate settled on conditions. 

Entangle, v. a. tu twist or confuse. 

E'nter, ». a. to go into ; to set down in writing. 

Enterprise, s. an undertaking of hazard. [hospitably. 

Entertain, v. a. to converse with; to treat; to receive 

Entrn6i,e, v. a. to set on a throne. 

Enthusiast, s. a person lull of ardotm 

Entice, v. a. to allure. 

Entire, a. whole; undivided. 

Entitle, v. a. to give a title or right to. .j 

E'ntity, s. a real being. 

Entomb, ». a. to put in a tomb. 

F/n trance, s. passage into a place. 

Entrap, v. a. to take advantage ; to ensnare, 

E'ntry, s. entrance. 

Envelop, s. an outward case ; a wrapper* 

Envenom, v. a. to poison. 

Environ, v. a. to surround. 

Environs, s. pi, places round about. j 

Eniirnerate, v. a. to count over distinctly. 

Enunciate, v. a. to declare. <- - «.-.- *■- 

E'nvoy, s. a public minister sent from one power to an- 

E'nvy, s. vexation at another's good. [other. 

Ephemeron, s. an insect that lives only a d ly. 

E'pic, «. a poem relating the adventures of heroes. *P| . 

E'pigram, $. a short and pointed poem. 

E'pi'ogue,^. a poem or speech at the end of a play. 

E'pisode, s. a passage or story not conducing to the main 
Epistle, s. a letter. [design 

Epistolary, a. relating to letters ; transacted by letters, 

E'pit iph, s. an inscription on a tombstone. 
E'pithet, s. an adjective denoting quality* 

Epitome, s. an abridgment. 
E'poch, E'pocha,$. a time whence we date. 
Equable, a. equal to itself. 
E'qua), s. one of tke same age and rank, 
G3 



£ Q U EST 

Equal, a> like another ; just. 

Equanimity, s. evenness of mind. 

Equestrian, «?. appearing on horseback. 

E'quinox, s. equal day and night. 

Equip, v. a. to dress or fit out. 

Equipage, s. attendance ; horses and carriages. 

E'quity, s. justice ; right.- 

Equivalents, a thing of the same weight or value. 

Equivocal, a. doubtful ; ambiguous. 

Equivocate, v. n, to use ambiguous expressions* 

E'ra f j. epoch. 

Eradicate, v. a, to pull up by the root ; to destroy. 

Erase, v* a, to blot out. 

Ere, a. before ; sooner than. 

Erect, a upright ; bold. 

Erect, i\ a. to raise ; to build. 

Eringo, s. a plant. 

E'rraine, s. a beast, or its skin. 

Err, v. n. to go out of the right way ; to commit errors J 

E'rrand, s, a message. [to mistake* 

E'rrant, a. the same as erratic* 

Errata, s. pi. faults in printing. 

Erratic, a. wandering. 

Err6neous, a. full of errors. 

E'rror, s. mistake; blunder. 

Erudition, s. learning. 

Eruption, s. a disease on the surface of the body. 

Escape, s. flight ; the act of getting out of danger ; over- 

E'scon, s» a convoy; a guard. [sight. 

Escutcheon, s. a shield of arms. 

Espalier, s. trees planted and cut so as for the branches 

Especial, a. principal ; chief. [to intersect* 

Espy', v. a. to discern at a distance. 

Esquire, s. a title of dignity, next below a knight* 

E'ssay, s. atrial ; endeavour; a small treatise, 

Essav', v. a. to attempt ; to try. 

E'ssence, s. nature; fundamental qualities* 

Essential, a. necessary ; indispensible. 

Establish, v. a. to settle ; to fix. 

Estate, s, fortune; rank. 

Esteem, s. high opinion. 

E'stimate, s. computation ; cafculatseia* 

Estrange, v. a. to alienate, 



ETC EXC 

Etc. or &c. a contraction for et caetera, and so forth. 

Eternal, a. everiastmg. 

Eternity, s. duration without beginning or end. 

Ether, s, pure air 

Ethereal, a. heavenly. 

Etymology, s. the descent or derivation of words. 

Evacuate, v. a. to make empty; 

Evade, v. a. to elude ; to avoid. 

Evanescent, a. vanishi g. 

Evangelical, a. agreeable to the gospel. [Lord. 

Evangelist, 5. an inspired writer of the history of our 

Evaporate, v. n. to fly away in fumes or vapours. 

Evasios, s. excuse ; artifice. 

Evasive, a. equivocating. 

Eve^s. the close of the day; the day before a festival or 

E'ven, a, level; uniform ; smooth. * jTast, 

E'vening, s. the close of the day. 

EvSnt, s. an end ; the issue. 

Eventual, a. consequent. 

E'ver, acL any time ; for ever. 

E'vergreen, s. a plant always green,. 

Everlasting, a. perpetual. 

Everm6re, ad. eternally. 

E'very, a. each one of all. 

E'vident, a. plain ; apparent, 

E'vil,s. wickedness; calamity, 

Evince, v. a. to prove. 

Eulogy, s. praise ; encomium. 

Evolve, v. a. to unfold. 

Evolution, s. an unfolding; displaying. 

Ewe, s. the female sheep. 

Ew'er, s. a jug with a spout, 

Exact, a. nice ; accurate ; strict-. 

Exact, v. cr. to extort ; to force. 

Exaggerate,!;, to heighten by representation, 

Exalt, v. a. to lift up ; to extol. 

Examine, v. a. to ask questions ; to search into* 

Example, 5. a pattern. 

Exasperate, v. a. to provoke. 

Exceed, > 

Excel, \ v ' a ' tosur P ass < 

Excellence ~) 

E'xcelkncy] ^' g^tness ? a title of honour ; gcoSnest, 



EXC EXP 

E'xcellent, a. of great virtue. 

Except, v. a. to leave out. 

Except, prep, exclusively of. 

Excess, $, intemperance ; a going beyond just bounds. 

Exchange, s. barter ; a place frequented by merchants, 

Excise, s. a tax levied upon commodities. 

Excite, t?. a. to rouse. 

Exclaim, u. n. to cry out. 

Exclude, v. a. to shut out. 

Excl6sive, a. excepting. 

Exculpate, v. a. to justify. 

Excursion, s. a digression, 

Excuse, s. an apology. 

Excuse, v. a, to forgive. 

E'xecrate, v, a, to curse. [law. 

E'xecute, v. a, to perform; to put to death by forms of 

Executor, s. he that is intrusted to perform the will of a 

Exemplary, a. worthy of imitation. [testator. 

Exemplify, v. a. to illustrate by example. 

Exempt, a. free by privilege. 

E'xercise, s. employment. 

Exert, v. a. to use with effort. 

Exhale, v. a. to send or draw out vapours or fumes* 

Exhaust, v. at to drain. 

Exhibit, v. a. to display. 

Exhilarate, v. a. to make cheerful. 

Exhort, v. a. to advise. 

E'xiaeiice, E'xigency, s. demand ; need. 

E'xile, s. banishment. 

Exist, v. n. to have a being. 

E'xit, s. a departure. 

E'xodus, s. the second book in the Bible. [putatiois. 

Exonerate, v. a. to disburden ; to free from an unjust iin-» 

Exorbitant, a. enormous j unconscionable. 

Expanrj, v. a, to spread. 

Expanse, Sj a body widely extended ; the sky. 

Expatiate, iv a. to enlarge. 

Expect, v. a. to wait for. 

Expedient, J", a shift; means. 

E'xpedite,!;. a. to facilitate j to dispatch. 

Expedition, j. speed. 

Expeditious, a. quick ; swift, 

Expe^y. c. to drive out. 

Expend v. «. to lay out* 



EXP EXT 

fexpense, s. cost ; charges. 
Experience, s. practice. 
Experiment, s. essay ; trial. 
Expert, a skilful ; ready. 
E'xpiate, v. a, to atene for a crime. 
Expire, v. 11. to die ; to breath© the last. 
Explain, Vr a. to clear up. 
Explicit, a, plain -; clear. 
Explode, v. a. to treat a notion as absurd. 
Exploit, s. an action. 
Explore, v. a. to search into. 
Explosion, s. blowing up, as with gunpowder. 
E'xport, s. commodity carried out of a country. 
Exp6rt, v. a. to carry out of a country. 
Exp6se,"y. a. to lay open. 
Exposition, s. an explanation. 
Exp6sitor, s. an explainer. 

Exp6stulate, v. n. to invite one to consider his errors; 
Exp6sure, 5. the act of exposing. 
Expound, v. a. to explain. 
Express, s. a message sent ; a courier. 
Express, a. plain. 

t Express, v. a. to represent ; to declare. 
Expulsion, s. the act of expelling or driving out. 
Expunge, v. a. to efface. 
E'xquisite, a. excellent -, admirable. 
Extant, a. in being. 

Extempore, ad. readily; without premeditation. 
Extend, v. a. to stretch out or enlarge. 
Extent, s. space o'r degree to which a thing is extended, 
Extenuate, v. a. to lessen the guilt of a thing. 
Exterior, a. outward. 

Exterminate, v. a. to root out ; to drive away, 
External, a. outward. 
Extinct, a. extinguished. 

Extinguish, v. a. to quench. fit out. 

Extinguisher, s. a hollow cone put upon a candle to put 
Extirpate, v. a. to root out. 

Extol, v. a. to praise ; to cry up. [pression, 

Ext6rt, v. a. to draw by force ; to wrest ; to gain by op- 
E'xtract, s. the chief parts drawn from any thing ; a pas- 
sage from a book. 
Extraction, s. a drawing out ; lineage ; descent. 
Extraordinary, a. eminent ; uncommon, 



EXT FAL 

Extravagant, a. wasteful. 

Extreme, s. the utmost point ; the highest degree of any 

E'x ricate, v. a. to set free. [thing. 

Extrinsic, a. outward. 

Exuberant, a. superfluous. 

Exult, v. n, to rejoice above measure ; to triumph. 

Eye, s. the organ of sight. 

Ey'ebrow, 5. the hair over the eye. 

Ey'elash, s. the line of hair that edges the eyelid. 

Ey'elid, s.the membrane that shuts over the eyes. 

F. 

FA'BLE, 5. pleasing and ingenious fiction invented for 
the instruction of young persons ; story -, tale. 
Fabric, s. a building. 
Fabulist, s. a writer of fables. 
Fabulous, a. of the nature of fables. 
Face, s. the visage ; the front. 
Facetious, a. gay ; lively. 
Facilitate, v. a. to make easy. 
Facility, s. easiness. 
Facing, j. an ornamental covering. 
Fact ; s. reality ; action ; deed. 
Faction, 5. a party ; tumult. 
Factious, a. given to faction. 
Factitious, a. made by art. 
Faculty, s. ability ; reason. 
Fade, v. n. to wear away. 
"J&ygot, s. a bundle of wood, 
■P v. n. to perish ; to neglect ; to grow weak* 
Failing, s. deficiency. 
Fain, ad. gladly ; with great desire. 
Faint, a. feeble of body ; weak. 
F <int, y. n. to sink motionless ; to grow feeble* 
Fair, a. beautiful ; equitable. 
Fair, s. a market, held once or twice ayear. 
Fairing, s. a present given at a fair. 
Faith, s. belief ; fidelity ; promise. 
Falchion, s. a scymetar. 
Falcon, s. a hawk. 

Fall, s. act of falling ; decrease } ruin* 
Fallacy, s. deceitful argument. 
Fallible, v. liable to error. 



FA L FE A 

Fallow, 5. uncultivated ground. 
False, a. not true ; not real. 

Falter, v. a. to hesitate in the utterance of words. 

Fame, s, rtmown ; honour. 

Familiars, an intimate. 

Familiar, a. affable ; free. 

Family, & a household ; a tribe. 

Famine, s. scarcity of food. 

Famish, u. a. to kill with hunger. 

Fan, s. an instrument used by ladies to move the air, and 
cool themselves; an utensil to winnow corn. 

Fanatic, s. an enthusiast. 

Fancy, s. imagination. 

Fane, s. a temple. 

Fang, s. a long tusk. 

Fantastic, a. imaginary ; humorous ; unsteady. 

Fantasy, s. fancy ; humour. 

Far, ad. at a great distance. 

Farce, s. a mock comedy. 

Fare, s. provisions \ the hire of carnages. 

Fare, v. ?i. to be in any state, good or bad ; to live ; to eat, 

Farewell, interj. a parting compliment. 

Farm, s. ground cultivated so as to produce income. 

Farther, a. more way off. 

Farther, v. a. to promote ; to assist. 

Farthest, a. most distant. 

Farthing, s. the fourth of a penny. 

Fascinate, v. a. to please ; to bewitch. 

Fashion, s. form ; custom. 

Fast, s. abstinence from food. 

Fast, a. quick ; firm ; immoveable. 

Fastidious, a. difficult to be pleased. 

Fat, a. full fed ; plump ; fleshy. 

Fatal, a. deadly ; mortal. 

Fate, s. destiny ; cause ; event. 

Father, s. the male parent of a child. 

Fathom, s. a measure of six feet. 

Fathom, v. a. to sound, or measure depth by a fathom-line. 

Fatigue, s. weariness; toil. 

Fault, s. offence ; defect. [worn on the hat. &c. 

Favour, s. countenance ; kindness ; a knot of ribbons 

Fawn, s. a young deer. — v. n. to flatter, 

Fear, s. dread ; horror ; awe, 



TEA FES 

Feasible, a, practicable. 

.Feast, s. a sumptuous treat. 

Feat, s. an exploit 

Feather, s. the plume of birds. [mouth. 

Feature s. a principal member of the face, as eye, nose, 

February, s. the second month in the year. 

Fee, s. a reward ; a settled perquisite ; an estate, held 

with acknowledgment and service to a superior. 
Feeble, a, weak ; sickly ; of poor intellect. 
Feed, v. a, to supply with food. 
Feel, v~ a. tc perceive by the touch. 
FeeJing, s. one of the bodily senses; mental sensibility. 
Feet, s. the plural of foot. 
Feign, v. a. to invent ; to dissemble. 
Feint, s. a false appearance. 
Fei citate, v. a. to congratulate. 
Felicity, s, happiness ; joy. , 

Fell, v. a. to knock down ; to cut down, as a tree. 
Fellow, s. an associate ; a mean wretch. 
Felon, s. one who has committed a capital crime. 
Felony, s. a capital crime. 

Female, s. a she ; one of the sex that brings young. 
Feminine, a. soft ; delicate. 
Fen, a. a marsh ; a bog ; a moor. 
Fence, s. a guard; aninclosure. 

Fence, v. a. to inclose; to hedge ; to fight with the small 
F£acible, a. capable of defence. [sword or foil. 

Fender, s. a fence against cinders. 
Fennel, s. a plant of strong scent. 
Ferment, s internal motion of a liquid. 
Fern, s a plant. 
Ferocious, a. savage ; fierce. 
Fer6city, s savageness ; fierceness. 
Ferret, s. a small animal ; a kind of narrow ribbon. 
Ferry, s. the passage in rowing across a river. 
Fertile, a. fruitful; productive. [on the hand. 

Ferula, s. an instrument with which a school-boy is beaten 
Ferule, s. a ring put round the end of a stick. 
Fervent, a. animated ; ardent. 
Fervid, a. hot ; burning. 
Fervour, s. heat; zeal. 
Festival, s. time of feast. 
Festive, a. joyous; gay« 



FES FIN 

Festoon, s. aborder of Fruits and Sowers,. 

fetch, s. a stratagem ; amok. 

Fetch, i'. a. to go and bring. 

Fitter, v. a. to bind ; to chain. 

Fetters, s. pi chains for the feet. 

Feud, s. a quarrel ; a contention • a fief. 

Feudal, a. held by service from a superior. 

F£ver, s a disease. 

Few, a. not a great number. 

Fib, 5. (a word used to children}, a falshood, 

Fibre, s. a small thread or string. 

Fickle, a. changeable ; inconstant. 

Fiction, 5. a story invented. 

Fictitious, a? counterfeit ; not genuine ; false, 

Fiddie, s. a stringed instrument of music. 

Fidelity, 5. faithfulness. 

Fie, interj. denoting dislike. [from a superior. 

Fief, s. an estate held with acknowledgment and service 

Field, s. apiece of meadow-ground ; extent; a place of 

Fierce, a. savage ; ravenous. [battle. 

Fife, s. a musical instrument. 

Fig, s. a tree, and its fruit. 

Fight, s. battle ; combat ; duel. [sop. 

Figure, s. a number; a shape ; a form; an image ; aper- 

Filbert, s. a fine hazel-nut. 

Filch, v. n. to steal ; to pilfer. 

File, s. a smith's tool ; wire for papers. 

Filial, a. belonging to a son. 

Filiation, s. the relation of a son to a father. 

Filings, s. pi fragments rubbed off by a fils. 

Fill, v. a. to make full ; to satisfy. 

Filly, s. a young mare. 

Film, s. a thin skin, 

Filter, v. o. to strain. 

Filth, s. dirt; foulness. 

Fin, s. the wing of a fish. 

Final, a. ultimate ; last. 

Find, v. a, to discover ; to meet with* 

Fine, s. a penalty ; a forfeit. 

Fine, a. refined ; handsome ; clear. 

Fine, v a. to refine ; to inflict a penalty. 

Finger, i. a part of the hand. 

Finical, d. affected; foppish. 

n 



FIN FLA 

Finish, v. a. to perfect ; to malce complete. 
Finite, a. limited; bounded. 
Fir, s. a tree. 

Fire, s. one of the four elements ; 'courage ; spirit. 
Fire, v. a. to discharge a gun, pistol, or cannon. 
Firearms, s^p/. guns-; muskets. 

Firelock, s a' soldier s gun.. . [ing houses, 

Fireman, y one who is employed in extinguishing bum- 
Firework, s. a beautiful display with fire. 
Firing, & wood or coals for burning.. 
Firkin, s. a wooden vessel. 
Firm, a. strong ; constants 
Firmament* s. the heavens. 
First, a. prime ; original; chief. 
Fish, 5. an animal that inhabits the water. 
Fish, v, n. to catch fishes. 
Fishery, 5. the place where fishes are caught. 
Fist, s. the hand clenched. 
Fit, s. the return of a disease after intermission. 
Fit, a. qualified ; proper; right. 
Fives, s. a kind cf play with a ball. 
Fix, v. a. to make fast ; to settle. 
Fixture, s, immoveable furniture. 

Flag, s. a water plant ; an. ensign or colours; a stone tm 
Flag, v. 11. to grow feeble* [pave with. 

Flageolet, s, a small flute. 
Flagitious, a. wicked ; vile. 
Flagrant, «. eager ; notorious. 
Flail, s. a threshing instrument* 
Flambeau, s. alighted torch. 
Flame, s. light emitted from fire. 
Flank, s. 4 ;a^ side of an animal, of an army. 
Flannel, 5. a soft nappy stuff of wool. 
Flare, v. n. to Butter with a splendid show ; to glitter of- 
Flash, s. a sudden- quick blaze. [fensivelj* 

Flask, 5. a bottle ; a powder horn. 
Flat, a. even ; smooth ; dull. 

Flatter, v. a. to sooth with praises ; to raise false hopes. 
Flattery, s. false praise ; deceit. 

Flaunt, v. n. to make a fluttering show in apparel ; to give 
Flavour, s. a taste; smelly odour. [one's self airs* 

Flaw, s. a crack ; a breach ; a defect. 
Flax, 5. the fibrous plant of which thread is made, 
Flay, v, a. to strip off the skin. 



FLE FLU 

Flea, s. a small insect. 4 

Flee, r. ». to run from danger, 
fleece, s. the wool of one sheep, 
fleece, i 1 . a. to strip or plunder a person. 
Fleet, s. a company of ships. 
Fleet, §: active.; nimble 5 swift. 
Fleet, r. n. to fly swiftly. 
Fleeting, a. passing Swiftly. 
Flesh, s. part of the animal body. 
Fleshly, .a. gross.; gluttonous; unchaste. 
Flexible, a. phant; easily moved. 

Flight, s. the act of flying or running from danger ; a 
Flighty, a. wild. [flock of birds. 

Flimsy, a. thin ; unsubstantial ; mean. 
Flinch, v.n. to shrink under pain. * 

Fling, v. a. to cast from the hand ; to throw ; to dart. 
Flint, s. a hard kind of stone. 
Flip, s. a drink made of beer, spirits, &c. 
Flippant, a. pert; loquacious. 
Flirt, s. a pert, artful girL 
Flit, v. n. to :fly away. 
Flitch, s. the side of a hog. 
Float, v. n. to swim on >the strface. 
Flock, s. a company of birds or beasts. 
Flood, s. a body of water ; a deluge*; an inundation. 
Flo6dgate, s. a gate to stop and let out water. 
floor, s. the pavement. 
Florid, a. rosy; blooming. 
Florist, j, a cultivator of flowers. 
Flounce, s. a loose trimming in women's apparel. 
Flounce, v. n. to plunge into the water ; to move in anger. 
Flounder, s. a fish. 

Flounder, v. a. to strive to get loose with aukward efforts. 
Flourish, v. n. to thrive ; to boast. 
.Flow, s. the running in, or rising of water. 
Fiow'er, 5. the blossom of a plant. 
Flown, p. p. gone away.; escaped. 

Fluctuate, v.n. to be in an uncertain state; to be irreso- 
Flue, s. a pipe of a chimney ; soft down or fur. [lute. 
Fluency, s. facility of speech. 
Fluent, a. ready in speech. 

<Fluid, s. a liquid. [meal, 

jf Jummery, 5. a kind of food made of wheat-flower or yat- 
H 2 



FLU FOR 

Xylite, s. a musical pipe ; a channel or furrow in a pUUr. 

Flutter, s. disorder of mind. 

Flutter, v. n. to fly heavily. 

Flux, s, the act of -flowing. 

Fly, s. an insect ; trie upper part of a jack. 

Fly, v. n. to move with wings \ to pass away ; to shun; to 
burst in pieces suddenly. 

Foal, s. the offspring of a mare. 

Foam, s. froth ; spume ; fury. 

Fob, s. a small pocket. 

Fodder, s. dry food for cattle. 

Foe, s. an enemy in war ; an opponent. 

Fog, s. a thick mist. 

Fcfble, s. a weak side. 

Foil, s. a blunt sword used in fencing ; a glittering sub- 
stance ; something mean and unprepossessing, which 
serves to show another thing to advantage. 

Foil, v. c. to defeat ; to baffle. 

Fold, s. one part of a sheet of paper or cloth placed 
smoothly upon the other ; a wrinkle in paper or cloth ; 

Foliage, s. leaves growing on trees. [a pen for sheep. 

Folk,s..people ; nations; mankind. 

Follow, v. a. to go after ; to imitate. 

Folly, 5. imprudence ; inconsiderateness. 

Foment, y. a. to bathe ; to encourage. 

Fond, s. tender ; silly ; foolish. 

F6ndle, v. a. to caress; to indulge. 

Font, s.- a baptismal vessel. 

Food, s. victuals ; provision. 

Fool, s. an idiot ; a buffoon'. 

Foolery, s . an act of foolishness. 

Foot, j. the part upon which we stand. 

Football, 5- a ball driven by the foot. 

Footboy., s. a servant. 

Fo6ting, s. a ground for the foot; foundation; support; 
entrance; condition; settlement. 

Fo6tman, s a servant in livery. 

Fo6tpadj j. one that robs on too'. 

Fo6>parh/s. a narrow way which will not admit horses. 

Fo6tstep, s. trace ; track. 

Fop, s, a coxcomb. 

FrtpJing, s. a petty fop. 

Foppery, s. folly ; affectation. f egard that. 

For, prep, because of; with respect to; conj. because ; b% 



FOR FOS 

Forbear, v. n, to cease from any thinsr. 
Forbid, v. a, to prohibit ; to oppose ; to hinder, 
forbidding, part. a. raising abhorrence. 
Force, s, strength ; power.; v. a. to compel ; to constrain. 
Ford, s. a shallow part of a river ; v. a. to pass without 
Forebode, v. a. to foretel. [boats. 

Forecast, 5. contrivance ; prudence. 
Forefather, 5. a male ancestor. 

F6reground, s. that part of the ground of a picture before 
F6rehead, s. the upper part of the face. [the figures. 

F6reign, a. not of this country,; not domestic. 
F6reman, s. the first man of a jury, in a shop, &c. 
Forenoon, s. the time of day before noon. 
Foresee, v, a. to see before-hand. 
Foresight, $. fore-knov4edge. v 

Forest, s. a wild uncultivated tract ef ground, with wood. 
Forestal, v. a. *to anticipate^ to be before-hand ; to mo- 
Foretaste, 5. anticipation of. [nopolise. 
Foretel, v, a. to predict ,- to tell before-hand. 
Forfeit, s. something lost by the commission of a fault. 
Forge, s. the place where iron is beaten into form. 
Forge, v. a, to form by the hammer; to counterfeit; to 
Forgery, s. the crime of falsification. [falsity. 
Forget, v. a. to lose memory of. 

Forgive, v. cu to pardon, [and a straight stem or handle 
Fork, s. an instrument with two or three points or prongs, 
Forked, a fi opening into two parts. 
Forlorn, a. deserted. 

Form, 5. method; shape; beauty; figure; a bench of 
Former, a. the past, [students. 

Formidable, a. terrible ; hard to be overcome. 
Forsake, v* a. to leave ; to desert ; to fail. 
Fort, 5. o fortified castle. 
Forth, ad. forward;; out of a place. 
Fortify, v. a. to strengthen against attacks. 
Fortitude, $. courage. 
Fortress, 5. a strong hold. 

Fortuitous, a. casual. [or woman. 

F6rtune, s. chance ; fate ; estate ; the portion of a man 
F6rum,s. any public place, chiefly for the purpose of ora- 
tions or harangues. 
F6rward, a. warm ; earnest ; ardent; eager; confident. 
Fossil, s. a mineral. [u. a. to hasten. 

H3 



FOS FJtE 

Y6stcr, v. a. to rtime. 

Fosterchikl, s. a child nursed not by the mother. 

Foul., a. not clean ; filthy." 

Found, r. to give beginning to an edifice or establishment. 

Found ft tion, 5. t^ie basis Or lower parts of an edifice. 

Foundling, s, a child without known parent 1 or 'owner. 

Fount, Fountain, 5. a well; a spring. r ' '•' 

Fowl, s, a winged animal. 

Fow'Jer, s. a man who goes a-shooting. 

Fox, s. a wild animal of the chase. 

Fraction, s. a breaking ; a part. 

Fracture, 5. a breaking, particularly of a bone. 

Fragile, a. brittle. 

Fragment, s. an imperfect piece. 

Flagrant, a, odonous; sweet smelling. 

Frail, a. wealf; inconstant. 

Frame, s. any thing made so as to inclose or admit some* 

thing else ; order; regularity; scheme. 
Franchise, s. privilege; immunity. 
Frank, s. the cover of a free letter; a French coin. 
Frank, 0. liberal ; open. 
Fiankincense, r. uri odoriferous kind of resin. 
Frantic, a. mad ; distracted. 
Fraternal, a. brotherly. 
Fraternity, s. a society. 
Fratricide, 5. the murder of a brother. 
Fraud, s. deceit ; cheat; trick. ' 

Frafiriu&rft, a. trickjsh ; dishonest. 
Fraught, p. p. lad.n. 
Fray, s. a broil ;a battle. 
FVeak, s, a su Iden fancy or caprice^ 
Frexkte, 6. a spot in the skin; 
Fr^e, a. at liberty ; frank. 
FVeebooter, s. a robber. 
Freedman, s. a slave made free. 
Fteehold, s. land held in perpetual right. 
FYeSman, s> one-at liberty ; one admitted to the freedom 

( i a corporation. ".* 

Fr< estone, s. a sort of stone commonly used in building. 
Freeze, v. a. to change a liqurd into a solid by the ope- 
Freight, s. the loading of a ship. [ration of cold. 

French, a. of or belonging to France. 
frenzy, s. madnesp 
Frequent, a ofien clone. 



FJIE FUL 

Fresh, a. cool; not salt; new; recent; ruddy; sweet* 

Fret, v. a. to rub ; to wear ; to vex. 

friar, 's. a brother of some religious order. 

Fribble, s. a fop. 

Faction, s. the act of rubbing two holies together* 

Friday, s the s<ixth day of the week. 

Friend, s. a man warmly attached to the interests of 

Frigate, s. a small ship of war. [another \ a relation. 

Fright, s. a sudden terror. 

Frightful, a. adapted to produce terror. 

Frigid, a. cold ; phlegmatic. 

Frill, s. a ruffie to the bosom, cr the top of a shirt, or of 

Fringe, s. a trimming." ' [a woman's garment, 

Frippery, j. paltry ornaments. 

Frisk, v. n. to leap; to skip. 

Frisky, a. gay ; airy 

Fritter, s. a delicate kind of pancake. 

Fritter, v. a. to cut or consume by piecemeal. 

Frivolous, a. slight : trifling. 

Frock, s. an outward garment for a girl or a little boy. 

Frog, s. a small amphibious animal. 

Fr6iic, s. a prank j a whim. 

Ff<*ro, prep, away ; noting privation. 

Front, s. the face ; the fore part of any thing ; impudence. 

Frontispiece, j. the picture which faces the title of a 

Fr6ntless, a. without shame. [bonk. 

Frost, s. a state of the air charging liquids into solids, ' 

Fr6s;bitten, a, nipped by the frost. 

Froth, s. foam. 

Frow'ard, a, peevislj. 

Frown, s a wrinkled look; a look of displeasure. 

Frugal, cr. thrifty - sparing. 

Fru;t, s. the nroduct of the earth, trees, and plants. 

Fruitful, a. fertile. 

Fruitless, a, unproductive. 

Frustrate, v. 'a. to balk. 

Fry, s food intended to be fried ; a swarm of little fishes. 

Fry, v. a. to drtss in a pan. 

Fuel,*, the matter or aliment of fire. 

Fugitive, s. a man flying from one country to another. 

Fulfil, v. a. to perform. ■ 4 - 

Full, a. Teplete ; stored ; fat. 

Full, v. to cleanse cloth. 

F&iler, $. one whose trade is to cleanse clotlfe 



FUL GAL 

fulsome, a. nauseous. 
Fume, s. smoke ;• vapour. 
Fumigate, v. n. to pervade with smoke. 
Function, 5. an office ; power. 
Fund, s. stock ; capital. 

Fundamental, a. serving for the foundation; essential. 
Funeral, s . the solemnization of a burial ; interment. 
Funereal, a. dark4 dismal; suiting a funeral. 
Funnel, s. an utensil for conveying liquors into vessels, &c. 
Fur, s. soft hair of beasts found in cold countries; a sub- 
stance sticking to the sides of vessels. 
Furlong, s. the eighth part of a mile. 
Furnace, s. an inclosed ^replace. 
Furnish, v. a. to supply. 

Furniture, /. moveables ; goods put in a house for use or 
Furrow, s. a small trench. [ornament. . 

Further, v. a. to assist. 
Further, ad. at a greater distance. 
Fury, s. madness ; rage. 
Furze, s. a prickly plant. 

Fustian, 5. a kind of cloth made of cotton ; a bomfcas* 
Futile, a. trifling; worthless. [stvle. 

Future, a. that is to be. 
Fy, interj. expressing disapprobation, 

G, 

GA'BLE, s. the sloping roof of a building. 
Gadfly, s. the breeze-fly that stings cattle. 
Gain, s. profit; advantage. 
Gainsay, v. a. to contradict. 
Gait, s. manner of walking. 
Gale, s. a wind not tempestuous. 
Gall, s. bile ; rancour. 

Gall, v. a. to hurt by fretting the skin; to fret; to vex. 
Gallant, s. a beau; a lover. 
Gallant, a. brave; noble; magnificent. 
Gallantry,.?, bravery. 

Gallery, s. a long apartment or balcony leading to othe-r 
Galley, s. a vessel driven with oars. [rooms. 

Galley-slave, s. a man condemned for some crime to row 
Gallipot, s. a pot painted and glazed. [in the gallies 

Gailon ; s. a measure of four quarts. 



GAL G A Z 

Gallop, 5. the motion of a horse when he runs at full speed* 

Gallows, s. a tree of executn n. 

Gambler, s. a man who over-reaches in play. 

Gambol, s. a skip ; an antic. 

Game, s. sport of any kind , sportive insults ; mockery; 

animals pursued in the field. 
Game, v. n. to play wantonly and extravagantly for mo- 
Gamekeeper, j, a person who looks after game. [ ne y» 
Gamesome, a. gay ; sportive. 
Gamester, s. one who is addicted to high piny. 
Gammon, s. ihe buttock of a hog salted ana dried, 
Gamuiur, s. the scaje of magical notes. 
Gander, s. the male goose. 
Gang, s a troop; a company of robbers. 
Gangrene, s. a stoppage ot" circulation, succeeded by 
Gaul. s. better written Jail. [putrefaction. 

Gap, s. a breach ; a hole. 
Gape, v. n. to yawn ; to stare irreverently. 
Garb s dress; cloihes. 
Garble, v a. to abridge deceitfully. 
Garden, s. a piece of ground inclosed, and planted with 

herb*, fruits, or flowers. 
Gargle, g, a hqnor with which the throat is washed. 
Garland, s. a wreath of branches or flowers. 
Garlic, s. a plant, [the b^dy* 

Garment, j. any thing made of pliant materials to cover 
Garner, ;. a phtce m which threshed grain is stored up. 
Garnet, s. a gem. 

Garnish, s. ornament ; small herbs round a dish of meat* 
Garret, s the uppermost room of a house. 
Garrison, s. so. diers placed >n a fortified. town or castle, 
GaTul «tjs, a. protili <g; talkative. 
Garter, s. a string o^ ribbon to tie up stockings. 
Qash, s. a deep and wide wound. 
Gasp, v. n. to open the mouth wide to catch breafb. 
Gasp, s. a catch of the breath, obtained with difficulty. 
Gdte, s. the door to a yard or open place. 
Gather, v. a. to collect; to briun into one place ; to pick 
Gaudy, a. showy ; splendid. £up; to glean ; to piutK. 
Gauge, u. a. to measure the contents of a cask; &c. 
Gauze, s. a very thin silk. 
Gay, a. airy ; cheerful ; merry ; fine. 
Gaze, v, n. to look intently and earnestly. 



GAZ G1M 

Gazette, s. a court newspapers- 
Gem, $. a jewel ; a precious stone. 
Gencher, s. a sort; a sex. 

Genealogy, s. a table of the succession of families. 
General, s. a great military officer. — a, common-, usu&l. 
Generality, s. a great majority. 
Generate, v. to produce. 
Generation, 5. a race ; an age. 
Generous, a. liberal. 
Genesis, s. the first book of Moses. 
Geneva, s. the spirit of juniper; a city. 
Genial, a. according to nature; cherishing. 
Genitive, a. in grammar, the name of a case. 
Genius, j. a man endowed with superior faculties ; the 
Genteel, a. polite ; elegant, {nature of a person or thing. 
Gentile, s. a Pagan. 

Gentle, a. soft.; tame ; of good extraction. 
Gentleman, s. a person well bred. 

Gentry, s a class of people below the nobility, and above 
Genuflection, s. the act of bending the knee, [the vulgar. 
Genuine, a. pure ; not spurious. 

Geography, s. a knowledge of the countries of the world. 
Ge6metry, s. a science, which teaches the relations of 
> lines, angles, and figures. 
£reorgic, s. a poem, treating of husbandry. 
Crest, s. a deed ; an action ; show. 
Gesticulate, v. to express one's self with violent action. 
Gesture, s. motion in speaking. 
Get, v. a. to procure.; to obtain. 
Ghastly, a. like a ghost. 
Ghost, s. the soul of 9- man ; a spirit. 
Giant, s. a man greatly above the ordinary stature, 
Gibbet, s. a gallows. 
Gibe, s, a sneer; a scoff; a taunt. 
Giddy, a. unsteady ; heedless. 
Gift, s. a thing given ; a talent of the mind. 
Gigantic, a. big ; bulky. 
Gii-d, v. a. to wash over with gold. 
Gill, s. a measure. 
Gills, 5. part of a fish's head. 
Gilliflower, s. the July flower. 
Gimlet, s. a borer for nails. 
£imp, s. e kind of silk twist or lace. 



GIN 



GO 



Gin, 5. a trap ; a snare; the spirit drawn by distillation 

Ginger, 5. an Indian plant [from juniper-berries. 

Gingerbread, s. a kind of bread flavoured with ginger. 

Gtugle, s. see Jingle. 

Gfp^y, s. a strolling vagabond, who pretends to tell for- 

Gird, v. a. to bind round - r to invest. [tunes. 

Girdles, any thing bound round the waist. 

Girl, s. a young woman, or female child. 

Girth, s. the band by which the saddle is fixed upon the 

Give, v. a. to bestow ; to yield. [horse. 

Gizzard, s. the stomach of a fowl. 

Glad, a. joyous ; elevated with pleasure. 

Glade, s. a lawn or opening in a wood. 

Gladiator, s. a prize-fighter. 

Glance, s. a sudden shoot of light or splendour ; a quick 

Glare, s. overpowering brightness. [view. 

Glass, s. an artificial transparent substance. 

Glaze, v. cr. to furnish or cover with glass. 

Gleam, s. a sudden shoot of light. [behind. 

Glean, i/. a. to gather what the reapers of the harvest leave 

Glee, s. joy ; merriment - T a song for three or more voices. 

Glide, v. a. to flow gently. 

glimmer, v. n. to shine faintly.. 

jlimpse, s. a short imperfect sight. 

i listen, v. n* to shine, 
xlitter, s. lustre ; show. 

. Tlobe, s. a sphere ; a ball ; the universe. 

^rioom, 5. cloudiness - x obscurity. 

Glory, s. honour - r praise ; fame. 

Glory, v, n. to boast. 

Gloss, s. the shining, particularly of any thing new ; a 
comment. 

Glossary, & a dictionary of obscure or antiquated words* 

Glove, s. a cover for the hands* 

Glow, s. a more than ordinary heat ; brightness. 

G16worm,5. a small insect with a glittering tail. 

Glue, 5. a cement to join wood. 

Glutinous, a. gluey. 
■ Glutton, s. one who eats to excess. 

Gnash, v. n, to grind the teeth. 

Gnat, s. a small stinging insect. 

Gnaw, v. a. to chew clumsily. 

Go, r. n, to walk j to move ; to proceed* 



GOA GRA 

Goal) i. a starting-post ; the end to which any design 
Goat, 5. an animal. [tends* the tinal purpose. 

G6atherd, s. one who tends goats. 
G6 blet, s. a bowl or cup. 
Goblin, s. an evil spirit. 

God, s the Supreme Being ; a fictitious deity; 
God-daughter, 5. a girl for whom one became sponsor 
G6d-father, s. the sponsor in baptism. [in baptism. 

Godly, a. pious towards God. [baptism. 

G ;d-mother, s. a woman who has become sponsor in 
God-son, s. a b'*y for whom one has been sponsor in bap- 
Gold, s. the heaviest of metals. £tisixu 
Goldfinch, s. a singing bird. 
Good, s. the contrary to evil ; virtue. 
Goody's, pi. moveables in a house. 
Goose/s. a fowl. 

Gooseberry, s. a shrub, and its fruit* 
Gore, s. clotled blood. 
Gore, v. a. to pierce with horns. 
Gorgeous, a. fine ; showy. 
Gu.-gon, s. a m- nsttr. 
G6rmandize, v. a. to feed ravenously. 
Goshawk, s. a hawk of a large kind. 
Gosling, s. a young goose. 

Gospel, s.God's word ; the history of the life of Jesus. 
Gossamer, s. the down of plants. 
Gossip, s. a chattering woman. 
Govern, v. a, to rule ; to regulate. 
Gourd, s. a plant. 
Gout, s. a disease. 
Gown, s. a long upper garment. 

Grace, s. favour ; privilege- virtue; a short prayer said 
Gradation, s. regular progress. [before and after meat. 
Gradual, a. step by step. 

Graft, v. a. to plant a cion or branch of one tree into the 
Grain, s. ail kinds of corn. [stock of another. 

Grained, a. rough; uneven; marked with internal varie- 
Grains, s. the husks of malt exhausted in brewing, [ties. 
Grammar, s. the science of speaking correctly and with 

precision ; a book which teaches it. 
Granary, s. a storehouse. rg eni » 

Granite, s. a kind of fine spotted marble ; a species o*f 
Grand, or. great ; illustrious. 
Griud-da.ughter, 5. the daughter of a son or daughter. 



GRA GRI 

Grandfather, s. the father of a father or mother. 

Grandsire, s. grandfather. 

Grandson, s. the son of a son or daughter. 

Grant, s. an admission ; a bestowing. 

Grape, 5. the fruit of the vine, [grass. 

Grasshopper, 5. a small insect that hops in the summer 

Grasp, 5. the gripe of the hand. J^eed. 

Grass, s. the common herbage of fie'ds, on which cattle 

Grate, s. a partition made with bars ; the range of b^rs 

•within which fires are made. 
Grate, a, a. to rub small. f acceptable. 

Grateful, a, having a due sen&e of benefits ; pleasing t 
Gratify, v. a. to indulge. 

Gratis, c.d for nothing ; without recompense. 
Gratitude, s. sense of benefits conferred. 
Gratuitous,, a. voluntary. 
Gratuity, s. a recompence. 

Grave, s. the place in which the dead are deposited^ 
Grave, v. a. to carve in any hard substance. 
Grave, a. heavy • slow; solemn; serious. 
Gravel, s. hard sand. 
Giavy, s. the juice of roasted nieaf. 
Gray, a. white mixed with black ; hoary. 
Graze, r. n. to eat grass. 
Grazier, s. one who feeds cattle. 
Grease, s. soft and oily fat. 
Great, a. large ; noble. 
Grecian, a. of or belonging to Greece. 
Greedy, c. ravenous. 
Green, s. a colour; a grassy plain. 
Greet, v. a. to salute. 
Gregarious, a. going in herds. 
Grey 'hound, s. a tall fleet dog that chases in sight. 
Grief, s. sorrow ; trouble. 
Grieve, v. 4. to afflict ; to hurt. 
Grill, v. a. to broil on a gridiron. 
Grim, a. ugly ; ill-looking ; with aggravated features* 
Grimace, $. a ludicrous distortion oi the countenance. 
Grin, s. a clownish smile, showing the teeth. 
Grind, a. a. to reduce to powder by a mil) ; to sl^rpes. 
Grinder, s. one who grinds ; a back tooth. 
Grindstone, s. a scone for grinding, 
Gnpe, s. a holding tight with the rfageri. 



G R I GUM 

Crist, s. corn to be ground. 
Grit, s. the coarse part of meal. 
Gritty, a. full of hard particles. 

Groan, s. an inarticulate sound, uttered by one in great 
Groat, s. four-pence. [pain. 

Grocer, s. a dealer in sugar, raisins, spices, &c. 
Groom, s. one who tends horses. 
Groove, $. a channel cut with a tool. 
Grope, v. n. to feel along in the dark. 
Gross, s. the whole bulk ; twelve dozen. 
Gross, a. thick ; bulky ; coarse ; rude. 
Grot, Gr6tto, s. a cavern, prettily ornamented. 
Grove, s. a walk shaded by trees 
Grovel, v. n. to lie prone ; to creep on the ground. 
Ground, s. the earth; floor ; the foundation or principle 
Groundsel, s. a plant. [on which any notion is built. 

Group, s. a crowd ; a cluster. 
Grouse,s. a bird. 

Grow, v. n. to vegetate ; to shoot out ; to become taller 
Growl, s, the hoarse voice of an angry cur. [or larger. 
Growth, s, vegetation ; product j improvement ; ad- 
Grub, s. a small worm. [vancement, 
Grudge, s. old quarrel ; ill-will. — v. a. to envy. 
Gruel, s, food made by boiling oatmeal in water. 
Gruff, a. sour of aspect. 
Grumble, v. n. to murmur* 
Grunt, s. the voice of a hog. 
Guard, s. a defence ; caution. 

Guardian, 5. one who has the care of an orphan ; a super- 
Gudgeon, s. a small fish. [intendanU 
Guess, s. a supposition ; a conjecture. 
Guest, s. a visitor; one who is entertained at free cost. 
Guide, s. one who directs. 
Guile, s. art ; treachery. 
Guilt, s. a crime ; an offence. 
Guinea, s. a gold coin. 
Guise, s, manner ; mien ; habit. 
Guitar, 5. a stringed instrument of music. 
Gulf, s. a bay ; a whirlpool. 
Gull, s. a sea-bird - 7 one easily cheated. 
Gum,s. the viscous juice of tree^s. 
Gums, s, -pi. the fleshy covering that incloses the teethi 



GUN HAN 

Gun, s. a cannon ; a musket. 

Gunpowder, s. a composition of nitre, sulphur, and char- 
Gurgle, v. n. to fall or gush with noise. [coal. 
Gurnet, s, a sea-fish. 
Gush,s. a rushing out of liquid. 

Gusset, s. a bit of linen sewed in to strengthen needlework. 
Gust, 5. taste : liking ; a sudden blast of wind. 
Gut, 5. the inward passage of food. 
Gutters, a passage for water. 

H. 

HA, interj, of surprise. 
Haberdasher, s. one who sells small wares 
Habiliment, s. dress. 

Habit, s. state of any thing ; dress ; custom,. 
Habitant, s. dweller. 
Habitation, 5. place of abode. 
Habitual, a. customary. 
Haddock, s. a sea-fish. 
Hag, s. a witch ; an ugly woman. 
Haggard, a. lank and wild. 
Hail, s. drops of rain frozen ; interj. all health ! 
Hailstone, s. a particle or single ball of hail. 
Hair, s. the covering of the head. 
Halbert, s. a battle-axe. 
Halcyon, s. a sea bird, supposed to be the harbinger of 

fine weather. — a. quiet; happy; placid; still. 
Hale, a. healthy ; sound. 
Hale, v. a. to drag by force. 
Half, s. one of two equal parts. 
Halfpenny, s. a copper coin. 
Hall, 5. a court of justice ; a large room. 
Hallelujah, s. a word of religious fervour ; praise God, 
Hallo6, interj. of calling from a distance ; of encourage- 
Hallow, ir. a. to consecrate. [meat to doss in a hunt. 

Halter, s. a rope to hang malefactors ; a cord j a string, 
Halve, v. a. to divide into two equal parts. 
Hamlet, s. a small village. 
Hammer, s. an instrument to drive nails, 
Hamper, $. a large basket. 
Hand, s. the palm, with the fingers. 
Handful, s. as much as the hand can hold. 
Handicraft,^, manual occupation. 
12 



HAN HAT 

Handily, ad. with-skil! r f the nec£* 

Handkerchief, s, a piece of linen to wipe the face or cover 

Handle, s. that part of a thing which is made to hold it by. 

Handmaid, s. a maid that waits. 

Handsome* a. beautiful ; fine. 

Handwriting, s. a cast or form of writing peculiar to eack 

Handy , a. ready ; dexterous. [person. 

Hang, v. a. to fix upon j to adorn. 

Hanger, s, a short broadsword. [walls of rooms. 

Hangings, s. pi. drapery hung or fastened against the 

Hangman, J. the public executioner. 

Hap, s. chfonce. 

Haply, ad. peradveuture. 

Hapless, a. unhappy. 

Happy, a. in a stale of felicity. 

Harangue, s. a set speech. 

Harass, i?. a. to weary. 

Harbinger, 5. a forerunner. 

Harbour, s. a port ; a shelter* 

Hard, a. firm; difficult; cruel. 

Harden, v. a. to make hard. 

Hardly, ad. with difficulty. 

Hardship, s. injury* tatipie. 

Hardware, s. manufactures of raetai. 

Hardy, a. hold ; brave ; stout. 

Hare,.?, a small quadruped. 

Hark, iuUrj. list I hear] listen! 

Harm, ». injury. 

Harmonic, a. adapted to each other; musical. 

Harmony, s. agreement; a just proportion of soub<L 

Harness, s. the articles worn by'a horse in drawing. 

Harp, s, a musical instrument. 

Harpsichord; s. a musical instrument. 

Harrow, s, an implement used in ploughing. 

Harsh, a. austere; rough; sour. 

Hart, /. the male dt-er. 

Harvest, s. the season of reaping. 

Harvest-home, s. a feast or song at the end of harvest. 

Hash, s. meat dressed in small bits. 

Hasp, s. a fastening for a door, without lock or latch. 

Hassock, s. a thick mat to kneel oh. 

Haslets, hurry; speed. 

Hat, s. a cover for the head. 

Hatch, s. i\ half door. 



HAT HE A 

Hatch, v. a, to produce young. 
Hatchet, 5. a small axe. 
Hate, Hatred, s. dislike ; aversion. 
Have, v. a. to possess ; to enjoy. 
Haven, s. a port; a harbour. 
Haughty, a. proud ; overbearing as a superior. 
Haul, v. a. to pull ; to draw. 
Haunt, s. a place of resort to any one. 
Haunted, c. frequented by evil spirits. 
Havoc, s, waste. 

Hautboy, s. a wind instrument ; a sort of large strawberry. 
Haw, s. a wild harsh fruit. 

Hawthorn, s. the thorn that bears haws ; the may-thorn. 
Hawk, s. a bird of prey ; v. a, to fly hawks; to cry goods, 
Hay, s. grass dried. 
Hazard, s. danger ; a game. 
Haze, s. fog ; mist. 
Hazel, s. a nut tree. 

Hazel, a. the colour of a nut; light brown. 
He, pro. the man named before. 

Head, s. the top; a chief; the division of a treatise or 
discourse ; that part of the body which contains the 
Head, v. cl to lead ; to govern. [brain. 

Headache, s. pain in the head. 
Headlong, a. rash; inconsiderate; headforemost. 
Headstrong, a. obstinate; conceited; ungovernable. 
Heal, v. c. to cure. 
Health, 3. freedom from sickness. 
Heap, s. a quantity thrown together. 
Hear, v. a. to perceive by the ear. 
Hearing, 5. the sense of perceiving sounds. 
Hearken,*;, rc.to listen. 
Hearsay, s. report.; rumour. 
Hearse, s, a carriage for the dead. 
Heart, 5. a part of the body. 
Hearth, s. the pavement on which a fire is made. 
Hearty, a. sincere; strong. [port. 

Heat, s. warmth of the sun or fire, &c. ; passion or trans- 
Heath, s. a plant ; a common, [a man without religion. 
H6athen, s. an idolator ; the follower of a false religion ; 
Heave, v. n. to vomit ; to lift. 

Heaven, s. the habitation of God ; the sky or firmament ; 
the place of the good departed. 



H E A HER 

Heavy; a. weighty ; dull. 

Hedge, s. a fence made with bushes. 

Hedge-hog, s. an animal. 

Heed, s. cure ; attention. 

Heel, s. the hind part of the foot. 

Heifer, s. a young cow. 

Height, 5. elevation above the ground. 

Heinous, a. hateful; atrocious. 

Heir, s. one who inherits by law. 

Hell, s. the place of the wicked after death. 

Helm, s.fthe rudder. 

Helmet, s. the covering of the head in arm or. 

Help, s. assistance ; aid ; support. 

Hera, s, the edge of a garment. 

Hemisphere, s. the half of a globe or sphere. 

Hemlock, s. an herb. 

Hemp, s. a plant with which ropes are made. 

Hen, s. the female of any bird. 

Hen roost, s. the place where the poultry rest. 

Hence, ad. or interj. from this place ; away ; for this rea- 
son ; from this cause. 

Henceforth, Henceforward, ad-, from this time. 

Her, prou. accusative case from she ; belonging to a female 
mentioned before. 

Herald, s. one whose office it is t<» proclaim public busiueab. 

Herb, 5. a plant, the stalk of which is soft. 

Herbage, s. grass ; pasture. 

Herbaii.it, s. a man skilled m herbs. 

Herd, 5. a flock ; a company. 

Herdsman, s. one who keeps herds. 

Here, ad. in this place or state. 

Hereafter, .ad. in a future state. 

Hereditary, a. descending by inheritance. 

Herein, ad. in this. 

Hereof, ad. of this. 

Hereon, ad. upon this. 

Heresy, s. a fundamental error in religion. 

Hereto, ad. to this. 

Heretofore, ad. formerly. 

Herewith, ad with this. 

Heritage, s. an inheritance. 

Hermit, s. a man living in a cave or solitary ceil. 

Hermitage, s. a hermit's ceii. 



HER HIV 

Hero, s. a man celebrated or worthy to be celebrated i^ 
verse for exploits in war; a man of courage and for* 
Heroic, a. brave ; nobfe. [titude. 

Heroine, s. a female hero. 
Heron, & a large water fowl. 
Herring, $. a slbatl sea-fish. • 
Hesitate, v. a. to pause ; to doubt ; to stammer. 
Hew, v. a. to cut wiih an axe. 
Hey, inter}, of joy ; or calling. 
Hey 'day', hiterj. of surprize. 

Hickup, s. a convulsion of the stomach producing sobs. 
Hide, s. the skin of an animal. 
Hide, v. a. to conceal. 
Hideous, a. horrible. 
Hie, a. u. to go in haste. 
High, a. lofty ; loud ; proud ; dear. 
H^hland, 5. mountainous region. 
Highly, ad, with es'teeui. 
Highness, s. title of princes. 

Highway'^ s gre&t road ; public path for carriages. 
Highway man, s. a robber on the public roads* 
Jiilaritv, s. merriment. 
Hill, s." high land. 
Riilodv, *. a little hill. 
Hilt, 5- the handle of a sword. 
Him, pnw. accusative ca-e of fee. 
Hind, s. the she stag : a boor. 
Hinder, v. a. to obstruct. 
Hindmost, a. the last 

Hinge, s- rtie joint upon which a door tarns. 
Him, s- a 'distant allrfsioo. 

Hip, »- tie joint of the thigh ; the fruit of the brim . 
'"Hire, s. wages. 

Hireling, s. one who serves for wages. 
His, pron. belonging to a male mentioned- before* 
Hiss, v. n. to cry like a serpent. 
Hist, hiterj. commanding silence. 
History, s. a narration of facts. 
Hit, s. a -troke ; a lucky chance. 
Hitch, j. n slight stop. 
Hither, a. nearer ; ad. to this phtf* 
Hitherto, ad, to this time. 
Hive, s, a place for bees. 



H O A H o a 

Ifoar, a., grey with age ; white with frost. 

Hoard, s. a store laid up iu secret. 

Hoarse, a. having the voice rough from a cold* 

Hobble, v. n. to walk lamely. 

Hock, s. the joint between the knee and fetlock; old 

Hoe, .?. a garden-tool for weeds. [strong llheuish wine. 

Hog, 5. the male of swine. 

Hogshead, 5. a measure of 63 gallons. 

Hoist, v. a. to raise up on high. 

Hold, s, a support ; custody. 

Hold, 9, a. to keep ; to retain. 

Hold, inter] . forbear; stop. 

Ho' 3. s. a hollow place ; a mean habitation; a rent in a 

Hollow, $. a cavity. [garment. 

Hollow, a. empty within ; deceitful. 

Holly, 5. a tree. 

Holy, a. good ; religious. 

Holy-day, s. an anniversary feast ; a day of gaiety and 

Homage, s. duty ; respect. [mirth, 

Home, s. one's own house. 

Homely, a. not line ; coarse. 

Homicide, a a murderer. 

Hone, $. a whetstone for a razor. 

JJonest, a. upright; true. 

Honey, 5. sweet substance of bees. 

froney-couib, s. ceils of wax for honey. 

Honey-suckle, s. a plant. 

Honour, s» dignity ; virtue; reverence." 

Hood, s. a covering for the head. 

Hoof, s. the horny part of a horse's foot. 

Hook, s. a semicircle of iron to pluck with,- or to hang 

Hoop, s. a circle of iron or wood. [things upon.. 

Hooping-cough, &. a disease. 

Hoot, v. u. to shont contemptuously. 

Hop, s. a plant.. 

Hop, v. n. to leap on one leg. 

Hope, s. expectation of some good. 

Horizon, s. the hue that terminates the view around. 

Horn, s. part of an ox, ram, &c. 

Horn-book, s. the first book of children. 

Hornet, 5. a large stinging fly. 

H6rnpipe, s. a dance. 

Horrid, a. tending to excite horror. 

Htirror, s. terror mixed with detestation. 



H O R H U N 

Horse, s. art animal ; a machine. 
Horseradish, s. a hot root. 
Hosanisia, 5. an exclamation of praise to God. 
Hose,. 5. breeches ; stockings. 
Hosier, 5. one who sells stockings. 
Hospitable, a. kind to strangers. 
Hospital, s. a receptacle for the sick. 
Hospitality, s. the practice of entertaining strangers. 
Host, s. a landlord ; an army. [of conditions. 

Hostage, 5. one given in pledge for the perioru.ance 
Hostile, a. belonging to an enemj'. 
Hot, a. having heat ; fiery. 

Hothouse, s. a house in which are hotbeds to bring vege- 
tables, &c. to perfection all the ^ear round. 
Hovel, s. a shed ; a cottage. 
Hover, v. n. to flutter over head. 
Hound, s. a dog u?ed in the chase. 
Hoar, s. 60 minutes. 
House, s. a place of human abode. 
Household, s. a family. 

Housekeeper, s. master of a family; a female sunerin* 
Housewife, s. a female econo.uist. [tenia it. 

Kmv, ad. in what manner. 
However, ad. nevertheless. 
Howi, s. the cry of a dog in pain. 
Howsoever, ad. although. 
Boy, j. a large boat of passage. 
Huckaback, s. a kind of coarse linen. 
Hue, s. colour; die ; a clamour. 
Hug> v. a to embrace closely. 
Huge, a- vast ; immense. 
Hum, <?. the noise made b} r bees. 
Human, a. belonging to man. 
Humane, a. kind ; good-natured. 
Humble, a. modest ; low. 
Humble, y. a. to subdue. 
Humid, a. wet ; moist. 
Humiliation, s. disgrace; act of humility. 
Humility, s. submission. 

Humourist, s. one who gratifies his own humour. 
Humour, j. moisture ; whim. 

H nch k Jt ^ ie P rotUDerali - e nnde by a crooked back* 



HUN IDS 

Hunger, s. desire of food. 

Huut,,s chase; pursuit. 

Hurdle, 5, a texture of sticks woven togetf>er«. 

Hurl, v, a. to throw with violence. 

Hurricane, s. a violent storm. 

Hurry, s. tumult; haste* 

Hurt, «. harm ; wouud or bruise. 

Husband, s. a married man. 

Husband, v. a. to manage frugally. 

Husbandman, s. one who works in tillage 

Husbandry,*, iliage. 

Hush, mttiji be quiet. 

Hut, s. a poor cottage* 

Huzza, inter], of triumph. 

Hy'acinth, 6. a. plant. 

Hymeneal, a. pertaining to marriage. 

Hymn, s. a divine song. 

Jrly'pocrite, s. a dissembler. 

Hy'ssop, s. a plant. 

I. J. 

TACKA.TL, jr. a quadruped. 
Jackdaw, s. a male daw. 
Jacket, 5. a short coat. 
Jagg, v. a. to notch. 
Jail, s. a prison. 
Jam, f. a conserve of fruits. 
January, s. the first month in the year. 
Japan, g. a sort of tin work. 

Jar, v. «. to dash ; to dispute ; to produce a harsh sound. 
Jar, s. a vessel. 
Jargon, s. gibberish. 
Jasper, s. a precious stone, 
Javelin, s. a spear or half pike. 
Jaundice, J. a disease. 
Jaunt, s, a short journey for pleasure. 
Jaw, s. the bone of the mouth in which the teeth are. 
Jay,*, a bird. (fixed. 

Ice, s. liquid changed into solid by the operation of cold. 
I'cieie, 5. a sho t of ice hanging down. 
Idea, «. mental imagination. 
Jdeal, a, mental ; intellectual, 
[dentitj, s. sameness. 



I D I IMA 

Tdiom, s. a made of speaking peculiar to h language. 

I'diot, s. a human being without understanding. 

I'dle, a. lazy; averse from labour. 

1'dol, s. an image to which divine worship is addressed* ; 

Idoiator, s. a worshipper of idols 

Idolise, v. a to love or reverence to adoration. 

X'dyl, s. a short poem, mostly on rural subjects. 

Jealous, a. suspicious; envious. 

Jeer, s. a scoff. 

Jehovah, s. the Hebrew name for God. 

Jelly : j. the liquor of meat boiled to a consistency. 

Jeopardy, 3. danger. 

Jerk, s. a smart quick I ash. 

Jessamine, s. a fragrant flower. - 

Jest, s. wit embodied. 

Jet,*, a curious black fossil. 

Jew'el. s a precious stone. 

Jew's-harp, j a musical instrument. 

If, conj. supposing tiiat ; allowing that. 

Ignoble, a. mean of birth or conduct. 

I'gnominy, s. disgrace. 

Ignoramus, s. a tooiish fellow. 

1'gnorant, s. without knowledge. 

Jig, s. a quick dance or tune. 

Jingle, s. the sound of o-.,c inconsiderable piece of metal 

III, s. -wickedness; misfortune. [struck against another, 

111, a. bad in any respect ; sick. 

Illegal, a. contrary to law. 

Illegible, a. that cannot be read. 

Ill-favoured, a. with disagreeable features ; ugly. 

Illiberal, a, without candour and nobleness. 

Illicit, a. unlawful. 

Illiterate, a. unlearned. 

I'lItfesSj s. sickness ; rnal&dj^ } 

Illnature, s pee* islmess ;>lj|alice ; a selfish disposition, 

111 ursine, Illuminate, r. a. W-^nlighten ; to illustrate. 

Illumination, s. a show of lupvts in a public rejoicing. 

Illusion, s. false show; error. 

Illustrate,!?, a. to brighten with light ; to. make plain ; to 

Illustrious, a. noble ; famous; excellent, ^[exemplify. 

1'ulage, 5. a statue ; a sensible object expressed in words, 

I'uidgery, s. sensible representations. y 

S 



IMA I M P 

lra£j*irre, v. a, to fancy; to conceive. 

Imbecile, a. weak ; feeble in mind or body. 

Imbibe, v. a. to drink \n. 

Imbitter, v. a. to make bit'er. 

Imboiden, v. a. to encourage. 

Inibower, v.®. to shelter with trees. 

1 (librae', v- a. to steep ; to soak. , 

Imbue, v. a. to tincture deeply. 

I'm i tale, v. a. to copy; to endeavour to resemble. 

Immaculate, a. spotless. 

Immaterial, a. incorporeal; of small importance. 

Immature, a. not ripe. 

Immeasurable, a. not to be measured. 

Immediate, a. instant. 

Immemorial, a. past time of memory or record. 

Immense, #. unlimited. 

ImmeYee, } , , . . ,. -- 

7 , : v. a. to put under water : to steep m lmux&* 

immerse, \ x ' r * 

Immet?;6dical,a. confused ; without regularity* 

I'mrMnenr, a. impending. 

Immoderate, a. excessive. 

Immodest, a. bold ; free. 

J'mmo)ate,t>. a. to sacrifice. 

Immoral, a. vicious; bad. 

IrTitinota!, a nevrv to die. 

Immoveable, c not to be moved. 

Immunity, s. privilege, 

Immure, v.. a. to shut up in wall.*.. 

Immntabie, a. not to be charged. 

Impair, i.a. to lessen : t<» injur*. 

Impale, v to put to death by fixing on a stake.. 

.' opart, v. a: to bestow. 

Impartial, a, equitable. 

Impassable, a not admitting pisss^e. 

hnpassioned, a, full of vehement feeling;. 

Impede, t). a. to hinder* 

Impediment) s. hiBdr'HHee. 

Impel, v. a. to drive forward. 

Impend, v.n. to hang over. 

imperative, a. commanding ; expressive of cor, ffiani. 

Imperious, a. hau. btV; commanding. 

Impertinent, a. ill-Tin-e'i ; meddling; fotA'ash. 

l&u&uoftgf a, full of eagerness. 



I M P INC 

Implant, -v. a. to iufuse Into the mind. 

I'm plement, s. a tool 

1'mplicate, r. a. to entangle. 

Implicit, > j 

T r ,, j ! 0. not expressed. 
Implied, J ^ 

Impl6re, v. a to beg earnestly. [brought from abroad. 

I'm port, 5. the meaning of a thing ; importance ; any tiling 

Import, v. a. to cany into any country from abroad. 

Importune, v. a. to tease with solicitation. 

Impose, r. c. to lay on ; to deceive [deceit. 

Imposition, s. injunction of any thing as a law or duty ; 

Impostor, s. one who pretends to be what he is not. 

Imposture, s. a cheat. 

J'mpotent, a, weak; feeble. 

Impoverish, v a. to make poor. 

Impow'er, v, a. to authorise 

I'mprecate, v. a, to wish evil: 

Impregnable, a. of strength" to defy assault". 

Impress, v. to stamp ; to fix on the feelings, or in the me- 

Imprint, v. to fix on the mind. [mory. 

Imprison, v. a to put in prison. 

Improve, v. a. to make better. 

I'mpudent, a. shameless ; bold, [ence acting on the mind. 

Impulses, the action of one substance on another ; iufiu- 

Impunity, $. exemption from punishment. 

Impute, r. a. to attribute. 

In, prep, within some place. 

Inadvertent, a. careless \ inconsiderate. 

Inanimate, a. dull. 

Inanition, s. emptiness of body. 

Inanity, 5. emptiness of soot. 

Incantation, s. enchantment. [ments quarrels. 

Incendiary, s. one who sets houses on fire ; one who to- 

I'ncense, s. perfumes exhaled by fife in honour of -ome 

Incense, v. v. to enrage. [-<-'<!> 

Incentive, s. incitement. 

Incessant, a. without ceasing. 

Inch, s. the twelfth part or a foot. 

I'ucident, 5. one event in a series. 

Incision, s. a cut. 

Incite, i\ u. to stir up. 

Incivility, s. want of cou'rtesv ; rudeness, 



INC I N E 

tncl6merrt> a. severe ; cold. 

Incline, v. a. and rc. to bend ; to be willing. 

Inclose, t'. a. to shut in ; to surround with fences. 

Inclosure, s. grounds fenced in. 

Include, v. a. to take in ; to comprehend. 

Inclusive, a. comprehended in the sum or number. 

Incoherent, a. without connection. 

1'ncome, s. revenue ; profit. 

Incorporate, v. a, to form into one body. 

Incorrigible, a. bad beyond correction. 

Increase, 5. augmentation. 

Inculcate, v. a. to instruct. 

Incumbent, o. resting upon; imposed as a duty c 

Incumber, v. a. to clog ; to be a load to. 

Incur, v. a. to become liable to. 

Incursion, s. attack. 

Indebted, a. obliged to ; or in debt. 

Indeed, ad. in reality. 

Indefatigable, a, unwearied ; Tiot tired. 

Indent, v, a. to scollop ; to covenant. 

Indenture, 5. a covenant or deed. 

1'ndex, 5. the alphabetical table of contents to abook% 

1'ndicate, v. a. to point out. 

Indict, v. a, to arraign. 

ind itferent, a. unconcerned. 

I'ndigent, a. poor. 

Inclination, s. anger mingled with contempt. 

Indignity, s. injury mingled with contempt. 

1'ndigo, s. a plant for dying a blue colour. 

Indiscriminate, a, undistinguisfeable ; confused, 

Indispensible, a. not to be spared ; necessary. 

Indispose, v. a. to disorder ; to disincline. 

Indite, z>. a, to draw tap ; to dictate. 

Individual, s. every single person. 

Individuality, s. separate or distinct existence. 

I'ndoient, a., averse to employment. 

Indue, v. a. to clothe ; to supply with mental excellencies. 

Induce, v. a. to persuade. 

Indulge, v. a, to fondle ; to gratify. 

1'ndurate, v. a. to harden. 

I'ndustry, s. cheerful application. 

In6briate, v. a. to intoxicate. 

Ineffable, a. unspeakable. 

Inert, a. dull \ sluggish. 



INE INJ 

Inestimable, a. invaluable. 
Inevitable, a. not to be avoided. 
Inexorable, a. not to be moved by intreaty. 
Inexpiable, a. not to be atoned. 
InextricaDle, a. not to be disentangled. 
I'nfamy, s. public shame. 
I'nfant, s. a child, strictly who cannot speak. 
I'nfantfle, a. belonging to an infant. 
Infatuate, i\ a. to win, as by witchcraft. 
Infect, v. a. to communicate something evil. 
Infer, v. a. to draw a conclusion. 
Inferior, a. lower in value or dignity. 
Infest, v. <z. to disturb. 
I'nfinite, a. unbounded. 
Infirm, a weak ; feeble. 
Inflame, v. a. to kindle. 
Inflate, v. a. to swell with wind. 
Inflict, v. a, to give pain ; to cause ey^. 
Influence, s. power over. 
I'nflux, s. the act of flowing in. 
Inform, v. a. to tell ; to instruct. 
Infringe, r. a. to break in upon. 

Infuse, v. a. to pour in ; to steep in any fluid ; to plant in 
Ingenious, a. capable of invention. [the mind. 

Ingenuity, s. wit ; invention ; candour. 
Ingenuous, a. open ; candid ; fair. 
Ingot, s. a mass of metal. 

Ingraft, v* a, to plant the sprig of one tree in the stock of 
Ingratiate, v. a. to excite favour. [another* 

Ingredient, j. part of any compound. 
Fngress, 5. entrance. 

Ingulph, v. a. to swallow up in a deep place. 
Inhabit, v. a. to dwell in. 
Inhale, v. a. to draw in as air. 

Inherit, v. a. to receive .or possess by descent from ances- 
Inhuman, a. barbarous ; oppressive. [tors. 

Inject, v. a. to dart in. 

Inimical, a. hostile ; contrary to ; repugnant. 
Iniquitous, a. vicious; wicked. 
Initial, a. placed at the beginning. 
Initiate, v. a. to instruct in rudiments. 
Injunction, s. an order. 
Injure, v. a. to annoy; to cause loss. 
K 2 



INK INS 

Ink,.s. the black liquor with which we write. 

Jn lay, v. a. to variegate by a thin addition of one solid 

J'nlet, s. a place of entrance. [upon another. 

l'nmate, 5. a dweller in the same house. 

Inn, s a house of entertainme.t for travellers. 

Innate, a. inborn ; not learned. 

Innocent, a. pure ; guileless. 

Innovation, s. change by the introduction of novelty. 

Innumerable, a. not to be counted for multitude. . 

Inordinate, a. irregular; excessive. 

Inquire, v. a. to ask concerning something. 

Inquisitive, a. disposed to 'ask questions. 

Insane, a. deprived of reason. 

Ii'-ytiable, a. not to be satisfied. 

Inscribe, v. a. to write, chiefly on stone ; to ded'c ite. 

Inscription, s. a title ; something written or engraved on 

Inscrutable, a. that cannot be searched into. [stone. 

Insect, s. a small creeping or flying animal, the figure of 

Insensate, a. stupid ; irrational, [winch is nearly cut in two. 

Insensible, a. stupid ; unfeeling ; indifferent. 

Insert, v. a. to place in or among other things, chiefly 

applied to writings or bocks. 
Inshrme, u. a. to inclose in a shrine or precious case. 
Inside, s. the interior part. 
Insidious, a. treacherous ; artful. 
t'osight, s. accurate knowledge. 
Insignificant, rt. worthless; trifling. 

Insinuate, v. «. to instil ; to hint ; to excite kind feelings. 
Insinuation, s. a stealing upon the affections j a hint. 
Insipid, a. without taste ; dull. 
Insist, v. n, to persist in ; to dwell upon. 
Insnare, v. a. to intrap. 

Insolent, a. assuming behaviour in an inferior. 
Insolvent, a. unable to pay debts. 
Inspect, v. a. to superintend; to examine. 
Inspire, v. «. to breathe; to communicate heavenl}' sug- 
Instabiiiry, s. changeableness ; inconstancy. [gestious. 
Instantaneous, a. done in an instant. 
Instead, fre-p. in 'he room of something. 
I'ustep, s. the upper part of the foot. 
I'nstigatii, v. a. to urge to ill. 
Instil, v. a. to infuse by drops. 
I'nstiticr, s. natural desire or aversion, 
Xnstitute, s. something established by law. 



INS INT 

Instruct, v. a, to teach. 
Instrument, s. a tool • a deed. 
Insufferable, a. intolerable. 
I'nsular, a. belonging to an island. 
I'nsult, s. undeserved ill-treatment. 
Insult, v. a. to treat unworthily. 
Insuperable, a, not to be surmounted. 
Insurrection, s. a seditious rising. 
Integrity, 5 honesty ; honour. 
Intellect, s. the understanding. 
Intellectual, a, belonging to the mind. 
Intelligence, s. information ; notice. 
Intelligible, a. easily understood. 
Intemperance, s. excess in living or temper. 
Intemperate, a. immoderate. 
Intend, v. a. to have a purpose. 
Intense, a. vehement ; excessive. 
Intent, $. design ; purpose. 
Intent, a. anxiously diligent. 
Inter, v. a* to bury in the earth. 
Intercede, v. n. to mediate ; to plead. 
Intercept, i\ a. to seize in the way. 
Intercession, s. mediation, 
l'nter change, s. commerce, 
intercourse, s. communication. 

Tnterest, 5. concern, advantage ; profit on money lent. 
Interfere, v. a to" interpose, 
luterjecti&n, $. a sudden exclamation. 
I'literim, s. the time between. 
Interior, a, what is within. 

Interline, v. a to correct by writing between the lines. 
Intermeddle, u. w. to interpose officiously. 
Interment, s. burial. 
Interminable, a. unbounded. 
Intermingle, v. a. to mingle. 
Intermission, 5. cessation for a time. 
Intermix, v. n. to be mingled together. 
Internal, a. what is within. 
Interpose, v, a, to mediate. 
Interpret, v. a, to explain. 
Interrogate, v. a. to examine by question. 
Interrupt, v. a. to hinder. 
Intersperse, v. a. to scatter here and there. 
K5 



INT I N V 

Fnterstice, s. space between one thing and another* 

Intertwine, v. a. to unite by twisting; 

I'nterval.s. space between ; tune passing between. 

Interv6ne, v. n. to come between. 

Intervention, s. agency. 

I'nterview, s. mutual sight ; a meeting. 

Inthral, v. a. to enslave ; to confine. 

Tntiraate, s. a familiar friend. 

I'ntimate, v. a. to hint; to teli a thing cautiously. 

Intimidate, v. a. to dishearten. 

I'nto, prep, noting entrance with repard to place. 

Intolerable, a. insufferable ; not to be borne. 

Intolerant, a. not end u rim'. 

Intonation, s. the manner of sounding. 

Intoxicate, v. a. to inebriate. 

Intrepid, a. tearless, coura^eou?. 

Intricate, a. entangled ; perplexed. 

Intrinsic, a. inward ; real ; substantial. 

Introduce, v. a. to conduct or u«*her in. 

Intrfide, v. n. to appear uncalled or unpermitted. 

Inrrust, v. a. to charge * ith any c •raniissiop. 

Intuitive, a. discovering tn«th immediately without rp- 

Intwine, v. n. to twist together. [flection. 

Invade, t\ a. to assault ; to attack. 

Invalid, s- a sick person. 

Invalid, a. weak ; of no efficacy. 

Invective, s. an abusive speech. 

Inveigh, v. n. to utter censure or reproach. 

Inveigle, v. a. to draw in by arificc.' 

Invent, v- a. to feign; to imagine. 

I'nventory, s. a c .tnlo^ue of g^ods. 

Invert, v. a. to reverse. 

Invest, v. a. to adorn ; to dothe ; to array. 

Investigate, v. a. to search out. 

Inveterate, a. of long continuance ; de. j p ro- ted. 

Invidious, a. unfair ; likely t<> excite hatred. 

Invigorate, v. a. to animate ; to give vigour. 

Invincible, a. not to be subdued. 

Invite, v. a. to ask another to be vour guest. 

Tnundate,^. a. to flood. 

I'nvocate, v.n.tocnll upon in prayer. 

Invoice, s. a catalogue of the freight of a ship. 

Invoke, v. a. to pray to» 



I^f 



JUL 



Inv61ve, v, a. to comprise in an affair, 
li ore, v. a. to accustom. 
J'nuard, S. interna]. 

Job, s. a piece of chancework ; work extravagantly p^id 
Joc6se, Jocular, a. full of jvkes. [tor. 

Jocund, a. merry; light of heart. 
Join, r. a. to add ; to unite. 

Joint, s. a joining wh;ch answers the purpose of motion ; 
Joke. s. a jest. [i\ hinge* 

36 iity, 5 gaiety ; vulgar mirth. 
Jolt, s. a rude shake of a horse or carriage. 
Jonquil, s a species of daffodil. 
Jovial, a. gay ; airy ; merry. 
Journal, s. a daily accoifnt wf what passes, 
Jf-timey, 5. travel by land. 
J< lirneymai;, s. hired workman. 
Joy, s. gladness ; gaiety ; happiness. 
Ira.'-cib'e, a. disposed lo anger. 
Ire, s. anger ; rage ; hatred. 
I'rksome, a. troublesome; burdensome. 
I'ron, s. a ha:d metal. 

Pron, u. a. to smooth with an iron, [trary to the words. 
I v r«/!.y, s. a mode of speech in which the meaning i> £on« 
2rra-diate,t;. a. to illum:n-.te with rays. 
Irrational, a. void of reason. 
Irvepar ible, a, not to be repaired. 
Irrrjistible, a. superior to opp'*&iUolx. 
Irrevocable, a, not to be recalled. 
Irritate, v. to provoke. 

IMaudjS. land completely surrounded by water. 
I'solated, a. alone > separated ; detached. 
I'ssue, s. a coining forth ; an end. 
I'sthnius, s. a neck of land. 

It,p7'im. jieater gender, the thing spoken of before. 
i'tem, s, a new article ; a hint* 
Itinerant, a. wandering. 
Itinerary, s. a book of travels. 

J'tseif, pron, it and Srlf. [of years, 

J&bilee, $-. a public festivity, celebrated or.ee in a course 
Judge, j. an officer appointed to hear causes in a couit ; 
one who has skill to decide up»n the merit of any thing. 
Judicious, a done with judgment; endowed with discern- 
Juicr, s. the flnii in plants or fruits. r meiit, 

July 7 , t. the seventh month' of the year. 



JUM KIT 

Jumble, $. a confused mixture. 

Jump, v. n. to leap suddenly. 

Junction, s. an uniting together. 

Juncture, s, a critical time. 

June, s\ the sixth month of the year« 

Junior, a. the younger. 

Juniper, s a plant. 

l'vory, s. r he tusk of the elephant. 

Jurisdiction, s a district; a circuit subjected to a particular 

Just, </. upright; honest. [authority. 

Justice, s. right ; a magistrate. 

Justify, u. a. to defend. 

Jujt, v. n. to project ; to come out of the line. 

Juvenile, a. youthful; belonging to youth. 

I'vy, s. a plant. 

K. 

KAXENDAR, see Calendar. 
Keen, a. sharp ; well edged ; severe. 
Keep, s. the watch tower of a furtress. 
Keep, v. a. to retain ; to hold in custody. 
Kennel, 5. a cot for dogs j a small water-course; a chan- 
Kerchief, s. a head dress. £nel. 

Kernel, s. the substance contained in a shell. 
Kersey, s. a coarse stuff. 
Kettle, s. a vessel in which liquor, is boiled. 
Key, s. an instrument to open a lock; a tone in.rausic, 
Kick, s. a blow with the loot. 
Kid, 5. the young of a goat. 
Kidnap, v. a. to steal children. 
Kilderkin, s. a small barre'. 
Kill, t?. a. to deprive of life. 
Kiln, 5. a stove for drying. 
Kin, j. relation; kindred. 
Kind, s. race ; a species. 
Kind, a. benevolent ; favourable. 
Kindle, v. a. to set on fire. 
Kindred, J. relation ; affinity. 
King, s. a monarch. 
Kinsfolk, s. relations. 

Kinsman, s. a man of the same race or family. 
Kirk, s. the church of Scotland. 
Kiss, v. a. to touch with the lips in kindness. 
Kitchen, s. a room for cookery. 



KIT LAN 

Kite, s. a bird of prey ; a toy made of paper. 

Kitten, s. a young cat. 

Knack, s. a lucky dexterity. 

Knave, s a dishonest or mischievous person. 

Knee, s. the joint between the leg and thigh. 

Kneel, v. »> to bend the knee. 

Knell, 9. the funeral bell. 

Knife, s. a steel utensil to cut with. 

Knigi t, s a title next above an esquire. 

Knight-errant, s a wandering knight. 

Knit, i. a. to weave without a loom. 

Knock, s. a sudden stroke. [ribbands. 

Kuot, 5. a fastening ; the intersection of two strings or 

Know, v. a. to distinguish; to have learned. 

Knowledges, skill ; information. 

Knuckle, s. a joint of the fingers. 

Koran, * rhe Bible of the Mahometans. 



LA' BEL, s a short direction upon any thing. 
LabouT, s toil application. 
Labyrinth, s. a place formed with difficult windiugS. 
Lace, s. gold, silver, or thread cunouslv woven. 
Lace, v. a* to fasten with frequent intersections. 
Lackey, s. a foot-boy. 

Lac6mc, a with few words ; Lacedssmonian* 
Lad, s. a boy ; a stripling. 
La r UL-r, s. a frame with steps. 
Ladle/s. a large spoan. 
Lady,s. a woman of some rank. 
Lady-bird, s. an insect. 

Lady-d&y, s. the 25th of Maich ; the feast of the blessed 
Laical, a. belonging to the laity. [Virgin, 

Laity, s. The people as distinguished from the clergy. 
Lake, $. a large inland water. 
Lamb, s. the young of a sheep. 
Lambkin, s. a little lamb. 

Lambent, a. licking ; gently playing, as a fllame. 
Ltime, a. crippled; hobbling. 
Lament, v. a. to bewail ; to mourn. 

Lamp, s. a light made with oil ; the vessel which contains 
Lance,, s. a long spear. [this light. 

Lancet, s. a surgeon's instrument to let blood. 



LAN LAZ 

Land, s. a portion of the earth ; a region ; a territory. 

Land, v. n. to come on shore. 

Landlord, s. the master of an inn ; the owner of a house, 

Lane, 5. a narrow street. 

Language, s. the speech of some nation. 

Languid, a. faint ; exhausted. 

Languish, v. a. to pine ; to lose strength. 

Languor, s. a faintness 3 loss of strength. 

Lantern, Lanthorn, s. a case for a candle, that keeps it 

from wind and rain. 
Lap, s. a support formed by the knees in a sitting pos- 
Lapse, s. flow ; fall ; petty error. fture, 

I a'pwing, s. a bird. 
Large, a. big ; bulky ; wide. 
Lark, 5. a singing bird. 
Larkspur s. a flower. 
Lash s. a stroke with a whip. 
Lash, v. a. to strike ; to satirize. 
Lass, s. a girl ; a young woman. 
Lassitude, s. weariness. 
Last, s. the mould on which shoes are formed. 
Last, a, latest ; hindmost. 
Latch, s. a fastening For a door. 
Late. a. s w ; out of time. 
Latent, a. hidden ; secret. 
Lath, s. a thin slip of wood. 
Lather, s. the froth of soap and water. 
Latin, s. the ancient Ionian language. 
Latitude, s. breadth > width ; extent ; liberty. 
I atter, a. modern ; last of two. 
Lattice, s. a window of grate-work; 
Laudable, a. deserving of praise. 
Lavender, s, a sweet-scented plant. 
Laugh, v. n, to make that noise which mirth excites. 
Laughter, 5. noisy raerriu.t nr. 
Lavish, v, a. to bestow profusely. 
Launch, v. a, to push to sea. 
Laundress, s. a washerwoman. 
Laundry, s. the room in which clothes are washed. 
Law, 5. a rule of action ; an edicr. 
Lawn, s. an open space be 1 ween woods. 
Lay, v. a. to place along ; to contrive ; to bring eggs. 
Layer, s. a sprig of a plant. 
Lazy, a % idle, sluggish. 



LEA L E M 

Lead, s. a metal. 

Lead, v. a. to conduct; to guide. 

Leaf, s. the product of trees and plants ; part of a book. 

League, 5. a confederacy. 

Leak, s. a breach by which liquid enters or escapes. 

Lean, s. meat without fat; a. thin; wanting flesh. 

Lean, v n. to incline against. 

Leap, s. abound; a jump. 

Leap-frog, s. a play of children. 

Leap-year, s. every fourth year. 

Learn, v. a to gain knowledge. 

Learned, a. having learning. 

Learning, s. knowledge . literature. 

Learner, 5. -ne who is yet in his rudiments* 

Leash, s. a leather thong ; three. 

Least, a. the superlative of little ; smallest. 

Leather, s. dressed hides of a;;irnais. 

Leave, s. liberty ; per mission ; consent. 

Leave, v. a. to quit ; to forsake. 

L&iven, s. ferment ; dough, 

Leaven, v. a. to ferment. 

Lecture, s. a grave discourse on any subject. 

Ledge, s. a moulding. 

Lee, s. dregs ; sediment ; the side towards the wind. 

Leek, s. a pot herb. 

Leer, s. a side-long look. 

Leeward, a. towards the wind. 

Left, a. opposite to the right. 

Leg, s. the limb between the knee and the foot. 

Legacy, s. a bequest made by wilk 

Legal, a. according to law. 

Legate, s. the pope's ambassador. 

Legatee, s. one who has a legacy bequeathed to him. 

Legation, s. an embassy. 

Legend, s. the romance of a Romish saint. 

Legible, £. that may be read. 

Legion, i. a body of soldiers. 

Legislative,**, having authority to make laws. 

Legislator, 5. a lawgiver. 

Legislature, s. the assembly that makes laws^ 

Leisure, s. freedom from business or hurry. 

Lemon, s. an acid fruit. 

L«moa&de ; & water, sugar, and the juice of lemons, 



I.£N 



XIK 



Lend, v. f? to grant the use of a thing. 

Length, s. the full extent of any thing from end to end. 

Lenient, a. assuasive ; soothing. 

Lenity, s. mildness ; mercy. 

Lentil, s a kind of pulse. 

Leopard, s. a beast of prey. 

Less, ad. in a smaller degree. 

Lessen, v. n. to grow less. 

Lesson, s. a task to learn* 

Lest, conj. that not; for fear that. 

Let, s. hindrance ; obstacle. 

Let, v. a. to permit ; to allow ; to hinder. 

Lethargy, s. drowsiness ; heaviness- a disease. 

Letter, s, a written message. 

Lettuce, 5. a plant. 

Level, a. even ; smooth. 

Leveret, 5. a young hare. 

Levity, 5. lightness; inconsiderateness. 

Lexicon, s. a dictionary. 

Liable, a. obnoxious; subject to. 

Liar, s. one who tells falsehoods. 

Libel, s. a defamatory satire. 

Liberal, a. generous; bountiful. 

Libertine, s. one who lives without moral restraint;- 

Liberty, s. freedom ; a privilege. 

Library, s. a large collection of books. 

Licence, s. permission ; lioerty. 

Lick, v. a. to stroke with the tongue. 

Ltd, s. a cover that shuts in. 

Lie, s. a wilful falsehood. 

Lie, v. n. to tell a ]ie ; to be plecfcd liofizoritalfv. 

Life, z. the state of a living creature. 

Lift, v, a* to rai^e up. 

Ligament, 1 ahandt0 ti ta t0;r ^_ 

Ligature, S 

Light, 5* the transparency of air, caused by the r; 4 ys 

Light, a. not heavy; b: [su'flj of k fcafcdle, & •:-, 

Light, v. a. to kindle : to givf; ii^hr vo. 

Lighten, v. n* to produce lightning: 

Lightning, s. the flash that precedes thunder. 

Like, a. resemb-ing; enua'< 

Like, v. 72. to be pleased with. 

Likely, a. probable : corn >.*iy 



LI K LIV 

Likewise, ad. in like manner. 

Lily, i. a flower. 

Limb, s. the member of an animal bod}'* 

Limber, a. flexible; easily bent. 

Lime, 5. a stone; a tree of the larger sort; a fruit* 

Limit, s. bound ; utmost reach. 

Limner, s. a portrait-painter* 

Limp, v. n. to walk lamely. 

Limpid, a. pure ; transparent. 

Linden, s. the I i me- tree. 

Line, s. extension,; in length; a string; a verse; 4 

Line, v. a. to cover on the iu-ide. [family* 

Lineage, 5. race; family. 

Lineal, a. allied by direct descent. 

Lineament, s. feature ; discriminating mark in the form* 

Linear, a. composed of lines. 

Linen s cloth made of flax* 

Linger, v. n. to pine ; to advance lazily. 

Linguist, s. a man skilful in language* 

Link, $. part of a chain. 

Linnet, 5. a singing bird. 

Linseed, 5. the seed bf flax. 

Lint. s. linen scraped to lay on sores. 

Lion, 5. the most noble of four-footed beasts. 

Lip, s. the front of the mouth ; e6ge of any thing, as 

Liquid, $, fund substance. [a cup, Sec. 

Liquidate, v. a. to e'ear debts. 

Lisp, v. n. to clip words in pronunciation* 

List, 5. a catalogue ; the outermost edge of woollen cloth. 

listen, v. n. to give attention. 

Litany, s. a form of prayer. 

Literal, a. according to the letter; plain. 

Literary, a. regarding learning. 

Literature, s. learning. 

Litigate, v a to contest in law; to debate. 

Litigious, a. quarrelsome; inclinable to law-suits. 

Litter, s a sort of* carriage ; the bed of a horse ? things' 
thrown about in disorder. 

Little, a. small; diminutive 5 trifling. 

Liturgy, s. a form of prayers. 

Live, a. quick; active; living. 

Live, v. 71. to be in a state of life. 

Livelihood, s. means of living. 
L 



XT? Top 

Livelong, a. tedious ; lasting. 

Lively, a. brisk; vivacious. 

Livery, s, delivery of an estate; the maintenance of a 

horse ; the members of a corporation ; a suit of clothes 

with trimmings worn by servants. 
Livid, a. discoloured, as with a blow. 
Lizard, s. a creeping animal, 
Lo, interj. look ! see ! behold ! 
Load, s. a burden; freight; incumbrance. 
Loaf, s. a mass of bread. 

Loan, 5. anything supplied on condition of repayment. 
Loathe, v. a. to hate ; to shrink from. 
Lobby, s. an opening before a room. 
Lobster, s. a shell fish. 

Lock, s. part of a door or gun ; a tuft of hair. 
Lock, v. a. to fasten with a lock. 
Locket, s. an ornament for the neck. 
Locust, 5. a devouring insect. 

Lodge, 5. a small house in a park or forest ; a porter's 
Lodge, v. a. to place for a time. [room. 

Lodger, s. one who hires a lodging. 
Lodging, s. rooms hired. 
Loft, s. the highest floor. 
Lofty, a. high; sublime. 
Log, s. a thick piece of wood. 

Loin, s. the back of an animal : pi. the lower part of the 
Loiter, v. n. to proceed idly. [back. 

Loll, v, n. to lean in a listless way. 
Lone, a. solitary ; single. 
Lonely, a. cheerless from solitude. 
Long, a, to a great length. 
Long, v. n. to desire earnestly* 
Longevity, 5. length of life. 
LongsufFering, a. patient. 

Loo, s. a game at cards. [upon any thhig. 

Look, s. air of the face ; mien ; the turning the eyes 
Looker-on, s. a spectator, not an agent. 
Looking-glass, s. a glass which shows forms placed be- 
Loom, s. a weaver's frame for work. [fore it, 

Loop, s. a noose in a rope. 
Loose, a, unbound ; not fast. 
Loosen, v. a. to unbind ; to set free. 
Lop, v, a, to cut short. 



LO Q LUS 

Loquacious, a. full of talk. 
Lord, s. a title of honour. 
Lorn, a. forsaken ; lost. 
Lose, v. a. to suffer loss ; to fail. 
Loss, s, forfeiture ; damage. 
Lot, 5. fortune ; portion ; destiny. 
Loth, a. unwilling. 
Lottery, s. a game of chance. 
Loud, a. noisy; clamorous. 
Love, 5. strong regard ; friendship. 
Lounge, v. n. to idle ; to waste time* 
Low, a. humble; faint; mean. 
Low, ad. with a low voice. 
Low, v. n. to bellow as a cow. 
Lower, v. a. to bring low. 
Lowland, s. a low cour- y. 
Lowly, a. humble; meek; mild. 
Loy'al, a. obedient ; true to the prince. 
Lozenge, s. a sweetmeat. 
Lucid, a, bright ; glittering. 
Luck, s. chance; good fortune. 
Lucky, a. fortunate ; happy by chance. 
Lucrative, a. profitable. 
Lucre, s. gain; profit. 

Ludicrous, a. exciting laughter by antics or extravagance. 
Lug, v. a. to pull with violence or difficulty. 
Luggage, s. the couveniences of a traveller. 
Lukewarm, a. phlegmatic ; indifferent. 
Lull, v, a. to compose; to quiet. 
Lumber, s. anything useless. 
Luminary, s. any body which gives light. 
Luminous, a. shining. 
Lump, s. a small mass of any matter. 
Lunacy, 5. madness. 
Lunar, a. relating to the moon. 
Lunatic, s. a madman. 

Lunch, } s. a handful of food, usually applied ta 
Luncheon, £ food eaten between regular meals. 
Lupine, s. a kind of pulse. 
Lure, s. an inticement. 
Lurk, v. n. to lie in wait. 
Luscious, a. oversweet; cloying. 

Jiistre, s. brightness; eminence; a sconce with lights, 
L2 



LUS MAI 

Lusty, a. stout; vigorous. 

Lute 5 s. a musical inurnment. 

Luxuriant, a. superfluously plenteous. 

Luxury, 5. superfluous enjoyments. 

Lynx, 5. a spotted beast. 

Lyre, s. a musical instrument. ; a harp. 

Ly'ric, a. belonging to a lyre; belonging to ode, 

M. 

"ACAROO'N, 5. a delicate kind of cake. 
Macaw, s. a sort of parrot. 
Mace, s. an ensign of authority ; a kind of spice, 
Mackerel, s. a sea fish. 
Mad, a. disordered in the mind. 
Madam, $. an address to a lad} r . 
Madder, s. a plant. 
Madrigal, 5. a pastoral song. 

Magazine, s. a storehouse ; a miscellaneous pamphlet. 
Maggot, s. a small grub. 

Magic, s. the art of commanding invisible spirits. 
Magisterial, a. such as suits a master, 
Magistrate, s. a man invested with authority. 
Magnanimous, a. great of mind ; generous; brave* 
Magnet, s. the loadstone 5 the stone that attracts iron. 
Magnetic, (i. attractive. 
Magnificent, a. grand. 
Magnify, v. a. to extol ; to exaggerate, 
Magnitude; s. greatness. 
Magpie, 5. a bird. 

IVI'd' (*• ^n unmarried female ; a female servant. 

Majesty, .5. dignity ; magnificent appearance 5 royalty. 

Mail, $. armour; a bag of post letters. 

Maim, v. a. to hurt; to wound. 

Math, 5. tha gross; the ocean. 

Main, a. principal ; chief. [necessaries. 

Maintain, v. a. to preserve ; to defend ; to supply with 

Maintenance, $. supply of the necessaries of life. 

Major, s. an officer. 

Major, a. greater; of full age. 

Maize, s. Indian wheat. 

Make, $. form ; structure. 

Make, v. <z. to create; to form. 



MAL MAP 

Malady, s. disease. 
Male, s. the he of any species. 
Malediction, s. a curse. 
Malefactor, s. an offender against law. 
Malevolent, a. ill-disposed toward others* 
Malice, s. a bad design. 
Malign, a. unfavourable. 
Malignant, a. envious; mischievous. 
Mallet, s. a wooden hammer. 
Mallow, 5. a plant. 
Malmsey, s. a sort of wine. 

Malt, s. barley prepared in a certain manner for making 
MaJireatment, s. ill usage. [beer. 

Maltster, s. one who makes malt. fc 
Mamma, s. the familiar word for mother. 
Man, .« the male of human beings. 
Manacles, s. chains for the hands. 
Manage, v. a. to conduct ; to govern. 
Mandarin, s. a Chinese nobleman. 
Mandate, s. a command. 
Mandrake, s. a plant. 

Mane, s. the long hair on the neck of a horse, a lion, &c. 
Manger, 5. the vessel in which animals are fed with corn. 
Mangle, v. a. to lacerate; to smooth linen. 
Mango, s. an Indian fruit. 
Maniac, 5. a madman. 
Manifest, a, plain ; unquestionable. 
Mankind, s. the human raee. 
Manna, s. a drug. 
Manner, s. form ; method. 
Mannerly, a. civil • ceremonious. 
Manor, s. superiority over certain lands, usually pos- 
sessed by persons of rank. 
Mansion, s. the house of the lord of a manor. 
Manslaughter, s. murder without malice. 
Mantle, s. a cloak. 
Manual, s. a small book. 
Manual, a. performed by the hand. 
Manufacture, 5. any thing .made by art. 
Manure, ^. dung or other substances put to fatten 
Manuscript, s. a book written, not printed. [land. 

Many, a. numerous; several. 
Map, $. a delineation of countries, 
L3 



MAP MAT 

Maple, 5. a tree. 

Mar, v. a. to injure ; to spoil. 

Marauder, 5. a plundering soldier. 

Marble, 5. a beautiful kind of st^ne for building j a toy. 

March, 5. a movement of soldiers; a procession; the 

third month of the year. 
Marchioness, s. the wife of a marquis. 
Mare, 5. the female of a horse. \ 

Margin, s. the border of a hook; a shore. 
Marigold, s. a yellow Mower. 
Marine, a. belonging to the sea. 
Marjorum, 5. a fragrant plant. 

Maritime, a. belonging to the sea. [shoot at. 

Mark, 5. an impression; a proof; something put to, 
Market, s. a public selling on certain days of the week, 
Marksman, s. a man skilful to hit a mark. 
Marl, 5. a- kind of fat clay. 
Marmalade, s. quinces boiled with sugar. 
Marmoset, 5. a small monkey. 
Marquis, s. next in rank below a duke. 
Marrow, s. a soft substance within the bone. 
Marry, v. a. to unite a man and woman for life. 
Marsh, 5. a fen ; a swamp. 
Mart, s. a place of public traffic. 
Martial, a. warlike. 
Martyr, s. one who dies for the truth. 
Marvel, s. a wonder. 
Masculine, a. of the nature of a man. 
Mash, s. different substances mingled and beaten to- 
Mask, s. a cover for the face. fgether. 

Mason, 5. a builder with stone or bricks. 
Masonry, s. the craft or performance of a mason. 
Masquerade, s, a diversion in which the company is 

masked. 
Mass, s. a lump ; the service of the Romish church. 
Mast, 5. the beam of a ship. 

Master, $. the chief of any place or thing; one well 
Masticate, v. a. to chew. [skilled in his art. 

Mastiff, $. a large sort of dog. 
Mat, 5. a manufacture of rushes. 
Match, 5. a person or thing well paired; a contest; a 

marriage; a slip of wood tipped with brimstone. 
Mate, 5, a companion ; a sea-officer. 



M A T M E E 

Material, s. what a bins' is made of. 

.rially, ad. importantly ; essentially. 
Maternal, a. motherly. 
Matri . ay :. marriage. 

Matron, 5. a respectable mother. 

Mattress s. a quilred bed to he on. 

Mature, a. ripe; perfect. 

Maw, s the stomach of animals. 

Mawkish, a. unsavoury ; insipid. 

Maxim, s. a leading truth. 

May, s. the 5th month of the year. 

Mayor, s the chief magistrate of a corporation, who ir\ 

London, York, and Dublin, is calied Lord Mayor. 
Maze. s. a labyrinth. 
Mead, s. a liquor made of honej''. 

Meadow, s. ground somewhat watery, which is kept 
Meager, a. lean; wanting: flesh. [for grass. 

Meal, 5. the coarse part of flour; a repast. 
Mean, 5. the middle; that which leads from one thing 

to another. 
Mean, a. wanting dignity 3 pitiful; worthless. 
Mean, v. a. to propose ; to have in view, 
"Meander, s. a winding. 

les, s. a disease. 
Measure, s. that which gives the quantity of any thing; 

time in music ; proportion. 
Meat, & flesh to be eaten ; food. 
Mechanic, s. a workman in manufactures. 
Mechanics, s. the science of motion. [other. 

Mechanism, s. construction of parts depending on each 
Medal, 5. an ancient coin ; a piece of metal stamped 

in honour of some person or performance. 
Medd!e, 4 «. ?i. to have to do with impertinently. 
Mediate, v. a. to endeavour to reconcile. 
Medical, a. relating to the art of healing. 
Medicine, s. a remedy; physic. 

Mediocrity, s. a moderate degree; that which has little 
Meditate, v. a* to contemplate. [excellence. 

Mediterranean, s. the name of a sea. 
Medium, s. the middle degree; that which leads from 
Medlar, s. a tree and its fruit. [one thing to another. 
Medley, s. a confused mixture. 
Meed, s t reward, 



MEE MET 

Meek, # 4 mild of temper. 

Meet, v. a. to encounter; — a. fit. 

Melancholy, s. sadness; depression. 

Meliorate, v. a. to make better. • 

Mellifluous, a. flowing with honey. 

Mellow, a. soft; full-ripe. 

Melody, 5. sweetness of sound. 

Melon, ,5. a plant and its fruit. 

Melt, v. a. to become liquid. 

Member, s. a limb ; one of a community. 

Memento, s. a hint to awaken the memory. [mory. 

Memoir, s. an account of any thing to assist the me- 

Memorandum, s. a note to help the memory. 

Memorial, s. a petition; something to preserve the me- 
mory of a person or thing. 

Memory, s. that faculty by which we call to mind any 

Menace, s. a threat. [thing past. 

Mend, v. a. to repair ; to change for the better. 

Mendicant, s. a beggar. 

Menial, a. belonging to domestic service. 

Mental, a. intellectual. 

Mention, s. brief expression by word of mouth or writing 1 . 

Mercantile, a. belonging to trade. 

Mercenary, a. venal ; that may be hired. 

Mercer, s. one who sells silks. 

Merchandise, s. goods for sale. - 

Merchant, s. a wholesale dealer. 

Merchant-man, s. a ship of trade. 

Mercury, s. quicksilver. 

Mercy, s. gentleness of disposition ; pardon. 

Mere, a. this or that only. 

Meridian, s. the highest point; the point of noon* 

Merit, s. desert; claim. 

Meritorious, a. deserving of reward. 

Merlin, s. a kind of hawk. 

Merry, a. exceedingly cheerful ; disposed to laughter. 

Mesh, s. the space between the threads of a net. 

Message, 5. an errand. 

Messenger, s. one who carries an errand. 

Messiah, s. the Anointed ; the Christ. 

Messuage, s. a dwelling-house with a court-yard, &c. 

Metal, 5. a hard substance, capable of being melted, 
and being beaten into a thin surface. 



MET MIN 

Metamorphose, v. a. to transform. 

Meter, s. a measurer. 

Method, s. regularity. 

Metre, s. the measure of verses. 

Metropolis, s. the chief city of any country. 

Mettle, 5. spirit ; courage. 

Mew, v. a. to cry as a cat. 

Mewl, v. n. to squall as a child. 

Michae'mas, s. the feast of the Archangel St. Michael. 

M' till t&* t ^ ie P art ec l lia ^Y <^ sta rit from both ends. 

Midge, s. a small fly. 

Midshipman, s. a lower officer on board a ship. 

Midst, s. middle part. 

Mien, s. air; look; manner. 

Might, s. power; force. 

Migrate, v. a. to remove from one country to another. 

Mild, a. kind; tender; gentle. 

Mildew, s. a disease in plants. 

Mile, s. a land measure of 1760 yards. 

Military, a. belonging to a soldier. 

Milk, s. a liquor from the breasts of women, and frona 

the udders of beasts. 
Mill, s. an engine to grind with, 
Millet, s. a plant. 

Milliner, s. one "who makes head-dresses for women. 
Million, s. the number of a thousand thousand* 
Mimetic, a. having a power to imitate. 
Mimic, s. a ludicrous imitator. 
Mimicry; s. burlesque imitation. 
Mince, v. a. to cut small. 
Mind, s. intelligent power. 
Mind, v. a. to mark ; to attend. 
Mindful, a. attentive- heedful. 
Mine, pron. posses, belonging to me. 
Mine, s. a place where minerals are dug. 
Mineral, s. a fossile body. 
Mingle, v. a. to mix; to ioim 
Miniature, s. representation in small compass. 
Minim, s. a musical note. 
Minion, s. a favourite. 

Minister, s. an officer of state or of the church. 
Minnow, s. a very small fish. 
Minor, 5. one under age, 



MIN MOD 

Minor, a. less ; petty* 

Minstrel, s. a musician ; one who plays to his own sing- 
Minstrelsy, s. music. [ing. 
Mint, 5. a plant; a place for coinage. 
Minuet, s. a stately dance. 
Minute, s. the 60th part of an hour. 
Minute, a. small; slender; exact, 
Minx, 5. a pert girl. 

Miracle, s. some act above the ordinary powers of na- 
Mire, s. mud; dirt. m [ture. 

Mirror, 5. a looking-glass. 
Mirth, s. merriment; jollity. 
Misanthropy, 5. hatred of mankind. 
Miscarry, v. n. to fail of success. 
Miscellany, s. a collection of various kinds. 
Mischief, s. harm ; hurt. 

Mischievous, a. injurious; spiteful; malicious* 
Miser, 5. a covetous man'; a hoarder. 
Misery, s. wretchedness. 
Misgive, v. a. to anticipate evil. 
Miss, s. an unmarried woman; a girl. 
Miss, v. a. not to hit; to fail. 
Mission, s. a grave errand. 
Mist, s. a low thin cloud ; a fog. 

Mistletoe, s. a plant that grows on the rind of some trees, 
Mistress, ■*. the female head of a family. [as oak, &§• 
Misty, a. cloudy $ dark. 
Mite, s. a small insect. 
Mitigate, v. a. to soften; to alleviate. 
Mitre, s. a cap worn by bishops. 
Mittens, s. pi. gloves without fingers. 
Mix, v. -a. to mingle; to join. 
Mixture, s. the act of mixing. 
Moan, s. a low sound expressive of lamentation. 
Moat, 5. a canal round a castle". 
Mob, 5. a crowd ; an assembly of the vulgar. 
Mock, s. ridicule ; sneer. 
Mock, a. false; counterfeit. 
Mock, v. a. to mimic ; to ridicule. 
Mode, s. form ; fashion. 

Model, s. a representation in little; a copy to he iml T 
Moderate, a. temperate ; not excessive. [tated. 

Modern, a. late ; recent. 
Modest, a. diffident; chaste. 



MOD M O R 

Modify, v. a. to shape; to soften; to moderate. 
Modish, a. fashionable; tasty. 

Modulate, v. a. to form sound to a certain key or note. 
Moiety, 5. one of two equal parts. 
Moil, v. n. to toil ; to drudge. 
Moist, a. wet in a small degree; damp. 
Mole, s. a small animal; a natural spot of the body. 
Molest, v. a. to disturb. 
Mollify, v. a. to soften ; to assuage. 
Moment, 5. an indivisible particle of time; importance^ 
Monarch, s. a king ; a ruler. [weight, 

Monarchy, s. the government of a single person. 
Monastery, s. a convent of monks. 
Monastic, a. belonging to the state of a monk/ 
Monday, s. the second day of the week. 
Money, s. metal coined for the purposes of commerce. 
Mongrel, a. of a mixed breed. 

Monitor, s. one who warns of faults. [bacy, 

Monk, s. one who has taken a vow of poverty and celi- 
Monkey, 5. an animal bearing a disagreeable resem- 
blance to the human species. 
M6nod} T , s. a poem sung or spoken by one person. 
Monopoly, s. the exclusive privilege of selling any com- 
Monosyllable, s. a word of only one syllable. [modity. 
Monotony, s. want of variety in cadence. 
Monster, s. something out of the common order of na- 
Monstrous, s. unnatural ; shocking ; hateful. [ture. 
Month, 5. the space of four weeks. 

Monument, s. any thing to perpetuate memory, as a 
Moody, a. out of humour. [tomb, &c 

Moon, s. the changing luminary of the night; a month. 
Moor, s. a black ; a marsh. 
Moor, v. a. to fasten by anchors. 
Mop, 5. an utensil to wash houses with. 
Mope, v. n. to be sad or dull. 
Moral, s. the instruction of a fable, & c. 
Moral, a. agreeable to the rules of virtue and duty, 
Morals, s. pi. the system of the duties of man. 
More, a. in greater number. 
Moreover, ad. beyond what has been mentioned. 

M6rning, \ s ' tbe first P art of the da *- 
Morose, a. sullen; harsh; of a rugged temper. 
Morrow, 5. the day after the present day. 



MOR MUM 

Morsel, s. a mouthful. 

Mortal, s. a creature subject to death; a human being:. 

Mortar, s. a vessel to pound in; a species of fire-arms. 

Mortify, v. a. and n. to gangrene; to humble. 

Mosque, s. a Mahometan temple. 

Moss, s. a plant. 

Most, a. the superlative of More. 

Mote, 5. a small particle of matter. 

Moth, s. a small insect. 

Mother, s. a woman who has a child. 

Motion, s. change of place; the opposite of rest; a 

Motive, *. that which excites the will. [proposal. 

Motley, a. mingled of various colours. 

Motto, s. a sencence prefixed to any thing written; the 

inscription of a coat of arms. [to persuade. 

Move, v. a. and ru to change place ; to affect the mind ; 
Mould, 5. earth ; soil ; a beginning of putrefaction ; 

the frame in which any thing is shaped. 
Moulder, v. n* to crumble away; to perish. 
Moulding, 5. ornamental cavities in wood or stone. 
Moult, v. a. to shed or change the feathers. 
Mound, s. any thing raised to fortify or defend. 
Mount, 5. a hill. 

Mount, v. a. to get on horseback. 
Mountain, s. a protuberance of the earth. 
Mourn, v. n. to grieve ; to be sorrowful. 
Mourning, s. a dress of black. 
Mouse, s. a. little animal that infests houses. 
Mouth, s. the aperture by which food is received ; an 
Mow, s. a heap of hay or corn. [opening. 

Mow, v. a. to cut wish a scythe. 
Much, s. a great deal. 

Mud, s. wet; dirt ; slime. [warm. 

Muff, s. an article carried by ladies to keep their hands 
Muffin, s. a sort of light cake. 
Muffle, v. a. to wrap up ; to blindfold. 
Mufti, s. the high-priest of the Mahometans. 
Mug, s. a cup to drink out of. 
Mulberry, s. a tree and its fruit. 
Multiform, a. having various shapes or appearances. 
Multiply, v. n, to increase in number; to perform aa 

arithmetical operation. 
Multitude, s. a promiscuous assembly ; many* 
Mumble, v. a. t© speak inwardly; to chew. 



MUM NAI 

Mummery, s. masking; burlesque; foolery. 

Mummy, s. a human body preserved by art. 

Munch, v. a. to chew eagerly. 

Mundane, a. belonging to the world. 

Munificent, a. liberal. 

Mural, a. belonging to a wall. 

Murder, jr. the act of killing a man unlawfully. 

Murmur, s. a low sound,; a complaint half suppressed. 

Muscle, s. fleshy fibres ; a shell-fish. 

Muscular, a. full of muscles. [tical invention. 

Muse, s. an imaginary divinity that presides over poe~ 

Muse, v. n. to ponder ; to think closely. 

Museum, s. a repository of learned curiosities. 

Mushroom, s. a plant that grows up in a night. 

Music, s. harmony. 

Musket, s. a soldier's gun. 

Muslin, 5. a fine substance made of cotton* 

Mustard, 5. a plant. 

Muster, v. a. to assemble. 

Musty, a. spoiled with damp. 

Mutable, a. subject to change. 

Mute, 5. a letter without sound. 

Mute, a. silent; not vocal. 

Mutilate, v. a. to deprive of some essential part. 

Mutiny, s. insurrection. 

Mutter, v. rc. to speak witS imperfect articulation. 

Mutton, s. the flesh of sheep. 

Mutual, a. reciprocal. 

Muzzle, s, the mouth ; a cover for the mouth. 

My'riad, s. ten thousand. 

Myrrh, s. a precious gum. 

My'rtle, s. a fragrant tree. [doit. 

Myself, s, an emphatical Word added to I; as I myself 

My'stery, s. something hardly to be understood, 

My'stie, 1 bsc gecrefc 

Mystical, J ' 

Mythology, s. a system of fables* 

N. 

NAGv s. a small horse. 
Nail, s. hern on the fingers and toesj an iron 
pin; the 16th part of a yard, 
M 



NAK NEF 

Naked, a. uncovered ; bare. 

Name, s. an appellation. 

Nap, s. slumber; a short sleep; down. 

Nape, 5. the hind joint of the neck. 

Napkin, s. a handkerchief. 

Narcissus, 5. a flower. - 

Narrate, v. a. to recount. 

Narrow, a. not broad ; not wide. 

Nasal, a. belonging to the nose. 

Natal, a, relating to nativity. 

Nation, s. a distinct people. 

Native, s. one born in a certain place. 

Native, a. produced by nature, not art. 

Nativity, s. tyrth. 

Naturalist, 6. a student in physics. 

Natural, a. agreeable to the laws of nature; without 

affectation; spontaneous. 
Nature, 5. genuine properties of any thing; regular 

course and state of the world. 
Naval, a. belonging to ships. [partment of a church. 
Nave, & the middle part of a wheel ; the middle coia- 
Navel, s. the middle part of the body. 
' Naught, s. nothing ; — a. worthless. 
Naughty, a. bad; wicked. 
Navigate, v. a. to pass by water. 
Nauseate, v. a. to loathe ; to reject with disgust. 
Nauseous, a. loathsome. 
Navy, s. a fleet of ships. 
Nay. ad. no; not only so, but more. 
Near, ad. almost ; at hand. 
Neat, s. oxen.. 

Neat, a. cleanly; pure; elegant. 
Necessary, a. needful; indispensible. [verty. 

Necessity, 5. compulsion; fatality; want; need; po- 
Necks s. the part between the head and body. 
Necromancy, s. a supposed familiarity with the spirits 

of the dead. 
Nectar, s. the supposed drink of the gods. 
Nectarine, s. a fruit of the plum kind. 
Need, s. want ; exigency ; necessity. 
Needle, s. an instrument for sewing. 
Nefarious, a. abominably wicked. 



N E G N O M 

Negative, a. denying. 

Neglect, s. inattention ; omission. 

lent y a. inattentive; careless. 
Negotiate, v. n. to treat on a business. 
Negro, s. a black. 
Neigh, s. the voice of a horse. 
Neighbour, s. one who lives near to another. 
Neither, conj. not ekher. 
Nephew, s. the son of a brother or sister. 
Nerve, s. the organ of sensation ; strength. 
Nest, s. a bed of birds ; a collection of drawers or boxes. 
Net, s. a device for catching beasts, birds, or fishes. 
Nether, a. lower ; not upper. 
Nettle, s. a stinging herb. 
Never, ad. at 1 no time. 
Nevertheless, ad. notwithstanding that. 
Neutral, a. of neither party. 
New, a. fresh; modern. 
Newfangled, a. affecting novelty. 
Newt, s. a small lizard. 
Isest, a. nearest in place. 
Nib, s. the point of a pen. 
Nibble, v. n. to eat slowly. 
Nice, a. superfluously exact ; squeamish. 
Niche, s. 2l recess in which a statue rnay be placed. 
Nickname, s. a name given in familiarity or contempt, 
Niece, s. the daughter of a brother or sister. 
Niggard, s. a miser. 
Nigh, a. neartc; not distant. 
Night, 5. the time of daikness. 
Nightingale, 5. a bird that sings in the night. 
Nimble, a. quick ; active. 
Nip, v. a. to pinch ; to vex ; to bite. 
Nippers, s. small pincers. 
No, ad. the word of refusal ; not any. 
Noble, s. one of high rank. 

Noble, a. great; worthy; free-hearted ; generous. 
Nobody, $. no one. 
Nocturnal, a-, belonging to night. 
Noise, s. sound ; troublesome clamour. 
Noisome, a. hurtful ; offensive. 
N6minal, a. only in name. 
Nominate, v, a. to appoint. 

M2 



N O N N U R 

Nonage, s. minority; the age of a minor. 
None, su' not one ; not any. 

Nonsense, s. unmeaning or ungrammfttical language. 
No )k, s. a corner- 
Noon, s. the middle hour of the day. 
Noontide, s. mid-da}'. 
Noose, s. a running knot. 
Nor, covj. a negative particle. 
North, s. one of the poles of heaven ; the great bear. 

*y* u r a - belonging to, in, or towards the north. 

Northern, ) ? ' 5 

Nose, 4. the prominent part in the middle of the face. 

Nosegay, s. a tuft of flowers. 

Nostril, s. the cavity of the nose. 

Not, ««Z. the particle of denying. 

Notable, a, remarkable; careful; bustling. 
,"No'e, $, awoken; notice • sound in music; a remark; 
* Note, v a. to observe. [a small letter. 

Nothing, s. not any thing. 

Notice, s. remark,; heed; information. 

Notify, v. a. to make known. 

Notion, s. thought; opinion. 

Notorious, a. publicly known. 

Notwithstanding, covj. nevertheless; however. 

Novel, 5. a small tale; a fictitious history of ordinary 

Novel, a. new; not ancient. [life. 

November, s. the eleventh month of the year. 

Novice, s. a person without skill* 

Noun, 5. the name of any thing in grammar. 

Nourish, v. a. to sustain by food. 

Now, ad. at this present time. 

Noxious, a. hurtful. 

Nugatory, a. trifling. 

Nuisance, s. something offensive. 

Nullity, s. want of force. 

Numb, a. torpid; chill: motionless. 

Number, s. plurality of units. 

Number, v. a. to count. 

Numerous, a. containing or consisting of many- 
Nun, s. a woman who has taken the vows of poverty and 

Nunnery, s. a convent for nuns. [celibacy. 

Nuptial, a., belonging to marriage. 

Nurse, s. one who rears a child, or attends sick persons. 



NUR OB V 

Nursery, s. a room in which infants are kept ; a plan- 
tation of young trees. 
Nurture, s. food; diet; education. 
Nut, s. a fruit. 
Nutmeg, $. a spice. 
Nutriment, s. food. 

Nutritious, a. nourishing. v 

Nymph, 5. a goddess of the woods ; a fair maiden. 

O. 

OAF, s. an idiot; a blockhead. 
Oak, s. a tree. 
Oar, s. an instrument to row with. 
Oath, $. an appeal to Heaven for the truth of what is 

said ; a profane expletive. 
Oat, 5. a grain ; food for horses. 
O'brlurate, a. hard of heart. 
Obedient, a. submissive. 
Obeisance, s. a bow or courtesy. 
O'belisk, s. a pyramid, having a narrow base. 
Cjbey', v. a. to perform what any one enjoins, [ployed. 
O bject, s. that about which any power or faculty is em- 
Object, v. a. to oppose. 

Oblige, v. a. to bind ; to compel ; to please 5 to gratify. 
Oblique, a. not direct. 
Obliterate, v. a. to efface. 
Oblivion, s. the state of a thing forgotten. 
O'blong, a. longer than broad. 
O'bloquy, s. slander. 

Obnoxious, a. liable; exposed; producing dislike. 
Obscure, a. dark; gloomy; little known; hard to be 
O'bsequies, s. funeral rites. [understood. 

Obsequious, a, obedient j fawningly attentive. 
Observe, v. a. to watch ; to note; to regard attentively. 
Obsolete, a. out of use. 
O'bs acle, 5. hindrance. 
O'bstinate, a. stubborn. 
Obstruct, v. a. to hinder. 
Obtain, v. a. to gain ; to procure. 
Obtrude, v. a. to thrust into a place; to offer with un- 
Obtuse, a. not pointed. [reasonable importunity* 

O'bviate, v. a. to prevent. 
O'bvious, a. easily discovered. 
M 3 



O C C OME 

Occasion. §. an incident; need. 

Occasion, v. a. to cause. 

Qccult, a. secret; hidden, 

O'ccupy, v. a. to possess. 

Occur, v. n. to appear here and there; to happen, 

O'cean, s. the great sea; the main, 
vO'chre, $. a kind of earth, 

O'ctagon, s. a figure consisting: of eight equal sides. 

O'ctave, s. the interval of an eighth in music. 

Octavo, a. a book, the sheets of which are folded iutft 
eight leaves. 

October, 5. the tenth month of the year, 

O'cular, a. known by the eve. 

O'culist, s. one who cures distempers of the eyes. 

Odd, a. not even ; particular ; uncommon. 

Odds, s. inequality; superiority. 

Ode, 5. a poem of nfoderate length written to be set to 

O'dious, a, laateful. , [umsic» 

O'riium, 5. the quaiity of provoking hate, 

O'dour, 5. scent, good or bad. 

Of, prep, concerning. 

Off, ad. distant from. 

O'fTal, 5. waste meat ; refuse. 

Offence, s. crime; injury. 

Offend, v. a. to transgress ; to displease. 

O'ffer, v. a. to present any thing so that it may be re~ 
ceived ; to sacrifice. 

O'ffice, s. a public charge or employment; business; s> 

Officious, a. over-forward. [room for business* 

O'ffset, s. the shoot of a plant. 

O'ffspring, s. children; progeny; a generation. 

O'ften, ad. frequently; many times. 
i O'gle, v. a. to look siiTy at, as in fondness. 

Oh, interj. denoting pain or surprise. 

Oil, s. the juice of olives and other vegetables; the fat 
of the whale. 

Ointment, s. a ccfcnposistion of such a degree of thick- 
ness, that it may be spread like butter. 

Old, a. advanced in age; of long continuance * 3 de«* 
cayed by time. 

Olfactory, a, having the sense of smelling. 

O'liye, s. a tree and its fruit. 

O'rndet, s* a pancake made with eggs* 



OME O R D 

O'men, $. a prognostic. 

O'minous, a. foreshowing ill. 

Omission, s. neglect to do something. 

Omit, v. a. to leave out. 

Omnipotent, a. almighty. 

O'mnipresent, a. present in every place. 

Omniscient, a. knowing all things. 

On. prep, upon;-*— ad. forward. 

Once, ad. one time. 

O'nerous, a. burtbensoine. 

O'nion, 5. a plant with a bulbous root, 

O'nly, a. single. 

O'nset, 5. attack ; assault. 

O'nward, ad. forward. 

O'nyx, s. a valuable gem. 

Ooze,?;, rc. to run gently. 

Opake, a. not transparent. 

O'pen, v. a. to unclose; to unlock. 

O'pera, s. a tragedy or comedy, not spoken, but sung, 

O'perate, v. a. to act ; to produce effects. 

Operator, s. one who performs any act of the hand. 

Opercse, a. laborious. 

O'piate, s. a medicine that causes sleep, 

Opinion, s. a judgment of the mind, not founded or 

Opponent, s. one that opposes. [demonstration. 

Opportune, a. seasonable. 

Oppose, v. a. to resist. 

O'pposite, a. facing ; hostile ; contrary. 

Oppress, v. a. to treat with undue severity. 

Opprobrious, a. scurrilous. 

O'ptiou, s. choice ; election. 

O'pulent, a. rich ; in good circumstances. 

O'racle, $. a maxim or command of real or feigned in- 
spiration; the place whence such maxims were is- 
sued among the heathens. 

Oracular, a. belonging to an oracle. 

O'ral, a. delivered by mouth. 

O'rapge, 5. a fruit. 

O'rator. s. a public speaker. 

Orb, $. a sphere ; a spherical body. 

O'rchard, s. a garden of fruit-trees, 

Ordain, v. a. to appoint. 

O'rder, 5. regular disposition, 



ORD OVE 

Ordinance, s. law; rule; appointment. 

O'rdinary, d. established ; common ; usual ; mean; 

Ordination,.?, providential decree; the consecration o£ 

a clergyman. 
O'rdnance, 5. great guns. 
Ore, s. metal unrefined. 
O'rgan, s. an instrument of perception or action in the 

human body; a musical instrument. 
O'rganize, v. a. to construct so that one part cooperates 

with another. 
O'rient, a. shining like the sun ; sparkling. 
Oriental, a. eastern. 
O'rifice, s. an opening or perforation. 
O'rigin, ? s. beginning ; first existence ; fountain ; 
Original, } first copy. 
O'rison,- s. a prayer 5 a supplication, 
OVnament, s. decoration. 

O'rphan, s, a child who has lost father or mother, or 
Orthography, s. practice of spelling, &c. [both. 

O'rtolan, s. a small bird. 
Oscillate, v. n. to move like a pendulum. 
O'sier, s. a tree of the willow kind. 
Ostensible, a. apparent. 

Ostentatious, a. boastful ; vain; fond of show. 
O'stler, s. the man who takes care of horses at an inn. 
Ostrich, s. the largest of birds. 
O'ther, pron. not the same ; different. 
O'tter, s. an amphibious animal. 
O'val, a. having the shspe of an egg. 
O f ven, s. a cavity heated with fire to bake bread, &c. 
O'ver, prep, above; across. 
Over-board, ad. -off or out of the ship. 
Over-cast,?;, a. to cloud. 
Overcome, v. a. to subdue. 
Over-hear, v. a. to hear secretly. 

Overlook, v. a. to neglect; to* peruse; to pass by in- 
Overplus, 5. surplus. [dulgently. 

Over-pow'er, v. a. to oppress by superiority. 
Over-reach, v. a. to deceive. 
Over-rule, v. a. to set aside. 

Overseer, s. a parish officer who has charge of the poor. 
Overset, v. a. to overturn. 
O'versight, s* a mistake; error. 



OVE PAG 

O'vert, a. open ; public. 

Overtake, v. a. to come up to something going before. 

O' vert brow, s. a defeat. 

O'verture, s. opening; proposal. 

Overwhelm, v. a. to cover with something, not to be 

thrown off. 
Ought, pret. of the verb to oive: it is only used in ques- 
Ounce, s. a weight. [dons of moral right and wrong. 
Our, pro?i. poss. belonging to us. 
Ourselves, recip. pron. we, not others. 
Out, ad. and prtp. from; not within; beyond; aloud. 
Outer, a. that which is without. 
Outlandish, a. foreign. 
Outlet, s. passage outwards. 
Outline, s. contour; extremity. 
Outlive, v. a. to survive. 
Outrage, s flagrant injustice. 
Outright, ad. entire 1 v. 
Outside, s. external part. 

Outstrip, v. a. to ieave behind in running, or improve- 
Qurward, a. external. [ment. 

Owe, v. a. to be indebted. 
Owl, s. a bird that flies by night. 
Own, 5. pron. as rnv own. 

Own, i». a. to acknowledge; to possess rightfully. 
Oy'ster, s. a shell fish. 

P. 

PACE, s. step ; gait ; degree of celerity. 
Pace, v. n. to move on slowly. 
Pacific, a. beionging to peace; mild; inoffensive. 
Pacify, v. a. to appease. 

Pack, s. a large bundle; 52 cards; a number of hounds* 
Packet s. a mail of letters ; the ship that carries them. 
Packthread, v <?. a strong thread used in tying up parcels, 
Pad, s. an easy paced horse. 
Paddle, s. an oar. 

Paddock, s a small enclosure for grazing. 
Padlock, s. a hanging lock. [great person. 

Page, 5. one side of a leaf; a young boy .attending on a 
Pageant,- s. a spectacle of entertainment, formerly 

exhibited at a coronation, or on some great public 

occasion. 
Pageantry, s. pomp; show. 



PAG PAP 

P£god, s. an Indian idol. 

Paii, 5. a wooden vessel. 

Pain, s. disagreeable sensation. 

Paint, s. colour prepared to lay on surfaces, paper, 

canvass, wood, mortar, &c. 
Pair, s. two things suiting one another. 
Palace, s. a royal house. 
Palatable, a. pleasing to the taste. 
Palate, s. the organ by which we distinguish flavours. 
Pale, $. a flat stake stuck in the ground. 
Pale, a. white of look. 
Pale, v, a. to make an inclosure, 
Palfrey, 3. a small horse. 
Palisade, s. pales for inclosure. 
Pall, s. a cloak or coveting of state, 
Pall, v. a. to grow vapid. 
Pallet, 5. a small low bed. 

Palliate, v. a. to excuse; to lessen a fault by repre* 
Pallid, «. paie ; fa int- coloured. [sentation. 

Palm, s. a tree; victory; inner part of the hand. 
Palm, v. a, to impose by fraud. 
Palpable, a. gross; plain; that may be felt. 
Palpitate, v. a. to beat as t.ht heart. 
X^alsy, s. a partial cessation of motion or feeling from 
Paltry, a. sorry; mean. [disease. 

Pamper, v. a. to feed -with delicacies. 
Pamphlet, s. a stitched book. 
Pan, s. a kitchen vessel; part of a gun. 
Pancake, s. a cake of batter fried. 
Pane, s. a square of glass. 
Paneg/r c, s, a-eulogy. 
Panne! 5. a square piece in a wainscot. 
Pang, s. shooting pain. 
Panic, s. violent fear without cause. 
Pannk % s. a basket. 

Pant, v. n. to breathe with intervals, [tomime. 

Pantaloon, s. long breeches; a sordid father in a pan- 
Pantheon, s. a templeof all the gods among the antients; 

a history oftheantient gods. 
Panther, s. a spotted wild beast. 
Pantile, s. a gutter tile. 

Pantomime, $, a play exhibited in gesture and dumb- 
Pantry, s. a room for provisions. £sho*r ? 
papa, s. a famiiiar name fop father* 



PAP PAR 

Paper, s. a substance to write on, manufactured from 

linen rags. 
Par, s> state of equality; equal value. 
Parade, .?. show ; military order. 
- Paradise, 5. the garden of Eden ; a place of felicity. 
Paragon, s. a model ; something superlatively excellent. 
Paragraph, s. a distinct part of a discourse. 
Paramount, a* superior. 
Parapet, s. a wall breast high. 
Paraphrase, s. a copious interpretation. 
Parasite, 5. a fawning frequenter of rich men's tables. 
Parasol, s. a small canopy or umbrella. 
Parboil, v. a> to half boil. 
Parcel, $. a small bundle. 
Parch, v. a. to scorch. 
Parchment, s. skins dressed for writing. 
Pardon, s. forgiveness. 
Pare, v. a. to cut off the outer surface. 
Parent, s. a father or mother. 
Parenthesis, s. an episodical clause in a sentence. 
Parish, s. a small district ; the particular charge of a 
Park, s. an inclosed ground. [clergyman. 

Parley, s. a treaty by word of mouth* [mons. 

Parliament, s. the assembly of kings, lords, and com- 
Parlour, s. a room on the ground floor of a house for 
Parochial, a. belonging to a parish. [entertainment. 
Paroquet, s. a small parrot. 
Paroxysm, s. a fit, 

Parricide, 5. the murderer of his father^ 
Parrot, s. a particoloured bird that talks. 
Parry, v. n. to put by thrusts ; to fence. 
Parse, v. a. to resolve a sentence into its elements' or. 

parts of speech. 
Parsimony, s. frugality ; niggardliness. 
Parsley, 5. a plant. 
Parsnip, 5. a plant. 
Parson, s. the priest of a parish. 
Part, s. a portion ; a quantity taken away. 
Partake, v. a. to take a share. 
Partial, a. inclined to favour unduly. 
Participate, v. a. to take share of. 

Participle, 5. a word partaking at once of the nature of 
Particular, a* something distinct. [a noun and verb. 






PAR PAT 

Partisan, 5. adherent of a party. 

Partition, 5. a division. 

Partner, s. a partaker; an associate. 

Partridge, a, a bird. [districts* 

Parts, 5. pi. qualities; talents; faculties; regions; 

Party, s. a confederacy ; a faction ; a select assembly. 

Pass, s. a narrow entrance. 

Pass, v. n. to go ; to proceed ; to omit ; to excel. 

Passable, a. tolerable ; that may be passed. 

Passage, $. a journey by water; a road; a quotation. 

Passenger, s. a traveller ; one who hires a place in a 

carriage. 
Passingbell, s. the death bell for a person. 
Passion, 5. suffering; a commotion cf the mind; ex- 
treme anger. 
Passion-week, s. the week of our Saviour's suffering. 
Passive, a. submissive; not active. 

Passover, 5. a solemn Jewish festivals 

Passport, s. permission of egress. 

Past, p. not present; gone. 

Paste, s. a thick mixture of solid ar«l fluid. 

Pasteboard, s. a stiff paper, 

Pa-time, s. sport ; amusement. 

Pastor, s. a shepherd; the minister of a congregatioau 

Pastora), 5. a poem relating to shepherds. 

Pastry, s. pies; baked paste. 

Pasture, 5. ground on which cattle feed. 

Pasty, s. a pie. 

Pat, 5. a light quick blow. 

Pat, a. fit; convenient; exactly suitable. 

Patch, &. a piece inserted in needlework ; a morsel of 

Pate, s. the head. [co'art-plaister. 

Paternal, a. fatherly. 

Path, s. way ; road ; tract* 

Pathetic, a. affecting the passions. 

Pathos, s. passion expressed by an orator or author. 

Patient, s. a sick man under medical care. 

Patient, a. enduring ; expecting long without anger or 
discontent^ supporting injuries without revenge. 

Patriarch, & the head of a family or church; one of 
the founders of the Jewish nation. 

patrimony, 5 « a » estate possessed by inheritance. 

Patriot, s. one who prefers the interests of his country t# 
kis own. # 



PAT PEE 

Patr61e, s. a guard to walk the streets by night 
Patron, 5. a benefactor; one who aids an inferior by 

his countenance and support. 
Patten ; s. a clog with iron -work underneath. 
Patter, v» n. to make a noise like hail. 
Pattern, s. a specimen ; an example to be copied. 
Pave, a, a. to lay with stone. 
Pavilion, s. the tent of a superior. 
Pauper, s. a poor person; one who receives alms. 
Pause, s. a stop ; a place of intermission. 
Paw, 5. the foot of a beast. 

Pawn, v. a. to pledge ; to deposit for money borrowed, 
Pawnbroker, s. one who lends money upon pledge. 
Pay, s. wages ; hire. 
Pay, v. a. to discharge a debt. 
Pea, 5. a seed much u^ed for food. 
Peace, s. a respite from war ; quiet. 
Peach, s. a tree and its fruit. 

Peacock, s. a fowl eminent for the beauty of ffis feathers. 
Peak, s. the top of a hill. 
Peak, v, ?i. to pine ; to look sickly. 
Peal, s. a loud noise, as of bells. 
Pear, 5. a tree and its fruit. 
Pearl, s. a precious gem. 
pearmain, s. an apple. 

Peasant, s. a hind ; one whose business is rural labour. 
Peat, 5. a species of turf used for fire. 
Pebble, 5. a small stone. 
Peck, s. the fourth part of a bushel. 
Peculiar, a. not common to other things. 
Pecuniary, a, relating to money. 
Pedagogue, & a schoolmaster. 

Pedant, s. a man vain of a little knowledge, [a pillar. 
Pedestal, s* the basis of a statue ; the lower member of 
Pedigree, .9. genealogy; descent. [inodities to sell. 

Pedlar, s. one who travels the country with small corn- 
Peel, s. the skin or thin rind. 
Peel, v. a. to take off the rind or bark. 
Peep, s, a guarded, brief look. 
Peep, v. n. to look covertly; to appear. 
Veer, s. an equal ; a nobleman. 
Peer, v t n, to appear ; to look covertiyv 
Peevisb, cu petulant; fretful. 



PEG PER 

Peg, s. a wooden pin. 

Pelf s. monev ; riches. 

Pelican, s. a bird fond of its young. 

Pellet, s. a little ball. 

Pellucid, a transparent. 

Pek, v. a. to throw at. 

Pelting, a. falling rapid and sharp, as a pelting hail. 

Pen, s. an instrument of writing; a small inclosure ; a 

Penal, a. belonging to punishment. [coop. 

Penance, s. an atonement ; a voluntary punishment. 

Pence, 5. thQpl> of penny. 

Pencil, s, an instrument for drawing or painting. 

Pendant, 5. a jewel hanging in the ear. 

Pending, part, not decided. 

Pendulum, 5. part of a clock. 

Penetrate, v. a. to pierce; to discern. 

Peninsula, s. a piece of land almost surrounded by the 

Penitent, s. one sorrowful for sin. [sea. 

Penman, s. one skilled in the art of writing; an author. 

Pennant, 5. a small flag. 

Penny, s. a coin, of which twelve make a shilling. 

Pennyweight, s. twenty four grains. 

Pension, s. a yearly allowance. 

Pensive, a. thoughtful; melancholy. 

Pentateuch, s. the five books of Moses. 

Beatecost. s. a feast among the Jews ; six weeks after 
the Passover. 

Penthouse, s. a shed hanging out aslope from the wall* 

Penultimate, s. last but one. \ 

Penurious, a sparing; avaricious. 

Peniiry, s. poverty* 

pie s. a nation ; men ; the vulgar. 

people, v> a. to stock with inhabitants. 

Pepper, s. a spice. 

Peppermint, s. a plant. 

Pei adventure, ad, perhaps. 

Perambulate, v. a. to walk through ; to survey. 

perceive, v. «. to receive mental impression ; to dis- 
cover, [ceiving. 

Perception, s. the power of perceiving ; the act of pee* 

pt s c a fish; a measure of five yards and a half; 
a stick for a bird- to sit on. 

Perchance, ad. perhaps* 



PER PER 

Percipient, a. having the power of perceiving. 
Perdition, s. ruin; destruction. 

Peregrination, s. travel. 
Peremptory, a. dogmatical ; absolute. 

Perennial, a. perpetual. 

Perfect, a, complete ; finished. 

Perfidy, $. breach of faith. 

Perforate, v. a. to bore or pierce a hole through any 

Perform, v. a. to execute; to accomplish. [thing. 

Perfume, s. sweet odour. 

Perhaps, ad. peradventure; it may be. 

Peril, s. danger ; hazard. 

Period, s. a circuit; the time in which a thing is per- 
formed so as to begin again; conclusion; a com- 
plete sentence ; the stop at the end of a sentence. 

Perish, v. n. to die ; to decay. 

Perjury, 5. a false oath taken for an unlawful purpose. 

Periwig, s. hair not natural. 

Periwinkle, s. a small shell fish. 

Permanent, a. durable. 

Permit., v. a. to allow ; to suffer to be done* 

Pernicious, a. destructive. 

Perpendicular, s. a straight line upwards and down- 
Perpetrate, v. a. to commit a crime. [wards. 

Perpetual, a. continual; never ceasing. 

Perplex, v> a. to embarrass; to puzzle. 

Perquisite, s. something gained by a place or office 
above the settled wages. 

Perry j s. a liquor made from pears. 

Persecute, v. a. to pursue with malignity. 

Persevere, } , 

Persist, V v ' n ' t0 g0 0Ti > not t0 give over ' 

Person, s. an individual. 

Personage, s. a person of great distinction. 

Personify, v. a. to pretend to be another; poetically, 
to a*scribe life and sense to something inanimate. 

Perspective, 5. a telescope; the art of representing di- 
stances on a flat surface. [scure. 

Perspicuous, a. clear to the understanding; not ob- 

Perspire, v. n. to emit moisture through the pores of the 

Persuade, v. a. to bring to an opinion. [skin, 

Pert, a, brisk ; smart ; saucy. 
N2 



PER P H R 

Pertain, v. n. to belong to. 
Pertinacious, a. obstinate. 
Pertinent, a. to the purpose. 
Perturb, v. a. to disquiet. 
Pervade, v. n. to penetrate. 
Perverse, a* distorted; obstinate; untraceable. 
Pervert, v. a. to lead astray; to corrupt. 
Peruse, v. a. to read. 
Pest, s. plague ; pestilence. 
Pestetf, v, a. to harrass. 
Pestilence, s. plague. 
Pestle, s. a too! to beat with in a mortar. 
Pet, i. a slight passion, or fit of anger ; a favourite. 
Petard, s. an engine of assault. 
Petition, s. a request. 
Petrifaction, *. any thing turned to stone. 
Petrify, v. n. to change to stone. 
Petticoat, s. the lower part of a woman's dress. 
Petty, a. inconsiderable; little. 
. Petulant, a. saucy ; wanton; brisk. 
Pew, s. a seat inclosed in a church. 
Pewter, s. a compound metal. 
Phaeton, s. a high open carriage. 
Phalanx, s. a troop of men closely embodied. 
Phantom, 5. a spectre. 
Pharisee, s. a sect among the Jews ; any one formal 

and haughty in matters of religion. 
Pharmacy, $. the trade of an apothecary. 
Pheasant, s. a kind of wi!d cock. 
Phenix, 5. a bird of which there is supposed to be but 

one at a time. 
Phenomenon, s. a novel appearance. 
Phial, s. a small bottle. 

Philanthropy, s. love of mankind ; good nature. 
Philippic, s. an invective declamation. 
Philology, 5. criticism ; grammatical learning; the 

study of language. 
Philosophy, s. knowledge, natural or moral. 
Phlegm, 5. the watery humour of the body. 
Phlegmatic, 0. cold ; frigid ; dull. [the dark. 

Phosphorus, s. a chemical substance which shines iu 
Phrase, 5. an idiom; a mode of speech. 



PHR PIN 

Phraseology, s. diction. 

Phy'sica], s. relating to nature or natural philosophy. 

Physician, s. one who professes the art of healing. 

Phy'sic, s. the science of healing; medicines. 

Physiognomy, 5. the art of judging a man's. nature by 
his outward appearance. 

Piazza. 5. a walk under arches. 

Pick, v. a. to chuse $ to gather. ' 

Pickax, s. an ax with a sharp point. 

Picked, a. sharp -pointed. 

Pickle, s. a salt or acid liquor to preserve what is in- 
tended to be eaten. 

Picklock, 5. a tool that opens locks. 

Picture, 5. a resemblance in colours. 

Pie, s. a crust baked with something underneath. 

Piebald, a. of various colours. 

Piece, 5. a patch ; a part • a gun, 

Piecemeal, ad. in pieces. 

Pied, a. variegated, 

Pier, 5. the column or support of an arch. [thing. 

Pierce, v. a. to make way by force into or through a 

Piety, s. reverential sentiments towards God. 

Pig, 5. a young sow or boar. 

Pigeon, s. a well known bird. 

Pigmy, 5. a nation of men supposed to be so small, that 
they were made war on by cranes. 

Pignut, s. an earth nut. 

Pike, 5. a fish ; a lance used by soldiers. 

Pilaster, s. a square column set within a wall. 

Pile, s. a heap 5 an edifice; a strong stake, 

Pilfer, v. n. to practise petty theft. 

Pilgrim, s. one who makes long journeys on foot Qgft 

Pillage, s. plunder. [religions acffrunt. 

Pillar, v?. a tall and slender portion of a building set to 
support the rest. 

Pillion, s. a soft seat behind the horseman for a woman 
to ride on. 

Pillory, s. a frame with holes, through which the head 
and hands of a criminal are put. 

Pillow, s. a bag of feathers or down to lay the head on. 

Pilot, s. he who steers a ship. 

Pimple, s. a small red pustule . [dress. 

Pin, s. a pointed short wire with a head used in female 
N3 



P I N PLA 

Pincers, 5. an instrument by which nails are drawn. 

Pinch, v. a. to squeeze; to press hard. 

Pine, s. a tree; — v- 11. to languish. 

Pineapple, s. a fruit. 

Pinion, s. a wing; fetters. 

Pink, s. a flower. 

Pinmoney, s. a wife's pocket money. 

Pinnace, 5. a small sloop ; a man of war's boat. 

Pinnacle, s. a turret; a spire. 

Pint, 5. half a quart. [spade. 

Pioneer, s. a soldier whose office is to work with the 

Pious, a. reverential towards God. * 

Pipe, s. a tube; a musical instrument; an utensil to 

smoke tobacco with. 
Pipkin, s. a small earthen boiler. 
Pippin, 5. a sharp apple. 
Pique, 5. ill will.- 
Pirate, s. a sea-robber. 
Pish, interj. a contemptuous exclamation. 
Pismire, s. an ant; an emmet. 
Pistol, s. a small hand gun. 

Pistole, s. a foreign coin of different degrees of value. 
Pit, 5. a hole in the ground ; a hollow place. 
Pitch, s. the juice of the pine made hard ; height. 
Pitch, v. a. to fix, as a camp ; to throw. 
Pitcher, 5. an earthen pot. 

Pitchfork, s. a fork used in husbandry to throw with, 
pitchy, a, black like pitch. 
Piteoiis, a. sorrowful ; mournful ; full of pity. 
Pitfall, 5. a pit covered over. 

pith, s. the marrow of a plant ; the chief part of a 
Pitiful, c. full of pity ; despicable. [subject. 

Pittance, s. a small portion. 

Pity, 5. an emotioo felt in behalf of another in distress. 
Placable, a. forgiving ; ready to be appeased, [office. 
Place, 5. a portion of space occupied by anything; an 
Placid, a. gentle; quiet; mild. 
Plague, s. the most malignant of all contagious diseases; 

any thing vexatious or troublesome. 
Plaice, s. a flat fish. 

Plaid, 5. a variegated cloth worn by the Scotch. 
Plain, s. a level ground unencumbered with trees and 

sbrufes. 



PLA PLU 

Plain, a. smooth; flat; simple; sincere; evident. 

Plaint,*, a complaint. 

Plait, s. a double. 

Plait, v. a. to fold ; to braid. 

Plan, s. a scheme ; a form ; a mode!. 

Plane, s. a level surface; a carpenter's tool. 

Planet, s. a wandering star ; a celestial body having no 

light of its own. 
Plank, s. a board smooth and thick. 
Plant, s. any vegetable production; a sapling. 
Plant, v. a. to set ; to place ; to settle. 
Plantain, s. a herb ; a tree. 
Plantation, s. a colony ; a place planted. 
Plaster, s. lime to cover walls; a salve. 
Plat, s. a small piece of ground. 
Plate, s. wrought gold or silver; a vessel to eat on. 
Platform, s. a level. 
Platter, s. a large dish. 
Plausible, a. taking; specious. 
Play, s. sport ; a drama ; a game of chance. 
Plea, s. an apology; an excuse. 
Plead, v. a. to argue in a court of justice; to speak 

earnestly. 

Pleasantry, s. gaiety. 

Please, v. a. to cause agreeable sensation* 

Plebeian, s. one of the lower people. 

Pledge, $. a pawn ; a hostage. 

Pleiades, s. pi. a constellation. 

Plenty, s. abundance; fruitfulness. 

Pliable. ? a ., . 
•n,, . ' > a. flexible. 
Pliant, £ 

Plight, s. condition; state. 

Plight, v. a. to pledge. . 

Plod, v. n. to toil ; to drudge. . 

Plot,*, a stratagem ; a contrivance; a plat* 

Plough, s. an instrument in husbandry. 

Pluck, v. a. to snatch ; to pull. 

Plug, 5. a stopper. 

Plum, s. a fruit. 

Plumb, ad. perpendicular. 

Plumber, s. one who works upon lead* 

plume, s. a feather. 



PLU POM 

Plummet, s. a leaden weight, hung to a string, by which 

Plump, a. comely; sleek. [depths are sounded. 

Plunder, s. spoils gotten in war or robbery. 

Plunge, s, the act of diving. 

Plural, a. more than one. 

Plush, s. a shaggy cloth. 

Ply, v. n. to work with diligence ; to offer service. 

Poach, v. a. to boil slightly; to plunder by stealth; 
to steal game. 

Pocket, 5. the small bag inserted into clothes. 

Pod, 5. the case of seeds. 

Poem, s. the work of a poet. 

Poe y, 5. the art of the poet. 

Poet, s. a writer of poetry. 

Poetry, s. the conceptions of the fancy expressed in verse. 

Poignant, a. keen; sharp; satirical. 

Point, s. a sharp end; an indivisible part of space; a 
degree in the compass ; a stop in writing. 

Poison, s. a venom which destroys life. 

Poise, v. a. to balance. 

Poker, 5. the iron bar with which the fire is stirred. 

Pole, s. the extremity of the axis on which the earth 
turns; a long staff; a perch. 

Poleax, s, an ax fitted to a pole. 

Polecat, s. a cat plentiful in Poland ; a stinking animal. 

Policy, s. wise government ; prudence. 

Polish, s. artificial gloss. 

Polite, a. elegant of manners. 

Politics, s. pi. the science of government, 

Poll, s. the head ; votes at an election, 

Pollute, v, a. to defile. 

poltroon, s. a coward. 

Polyanthus, s. a plant. 

PoK-gamy, s. the having several wives at a time. 

Poiypus, s. an animal that may be multiplied by cut- 
ting ; an inveterate excrescence. 

Polysyllable, s. a word of many syllables. 

' Pol yt h e i s m , -s. the wo rs h i p of m a ny gods. 

Pomatum, s. an ointment. 

Pomegranate ; s, a tree and its fruit. 

Pommel, s. a round knob on a sword or saddle, 

pomp, s, splendour; pride ; show, 



POM POS 

Pompion, $. a large fruit; a gourd 

Pond, 5. a small standing water. 

P6nder, v. a. to consider. 

Ponderous, a. heavy. 

P6niard, s. a dagger. 

Pontiff, s. a high priest. 

P6ny, 5. a small horse. 

Pool, s. a lake of standing water. 

Poor, a, indigent ; mean ; barren ; emaciated. 

Pop, v. ». to enter quickly or slily. 

Pope, 3. the bishop of Rome. 

Poplar, s. a tree of a pyramidical form. 

P6ppy, s. a flower. 

Populace, s. the common people. [to them. 

Popular, a. suitable to the common people ; acceptable 

Population, s. the state of a country as to number of 

Populous, a. full of people. [people. 

Porcelain, 5. China ware. 

Porch, s. the outer room of a building. 

Porcupine, j. a quadruped. 

Pore, s. any small continued vacuity of a solid body. 

Pore, v. n. to look with intenseness. 

Porous, c. full of pores. 

Pork, s. swine's flesh. 

Porphyry, s. marble of a particular kind. 

Porpoise, s. the sea-hog. 

Porridge, s. a kind of broth. 

Porringer, s. a vessel for spoon meat. 

Port, s. a harbour ; a gate ; demeanour. 

Portable, a. that may be carried. 

Portal, $. a gate; the arch of agate. 

Portcullis, 5. a kind of "harrow 7 hung over the gate of an 

Portend, v. a* to foretoken. [ancient fortress. 

Portent, s. an omen. 

Porter, s. one who has the charge of a gate ; a carrier 

of burthens ; strong beer. 
Portico, s. a covered walk the roof of which is supported 
Portion, s. a part; a fortune. [by pillars. 

Portly, a. grand of demeanour. 

Portmanteau, s. a bag or chest in which clothes are 
Portrait, s. a picture drawn from the life. [carried. 

Portray', v. a. to paint. 
Pose, v. te. to puzzle. 
Position, s. state of being placed ; situation.. 



POS PRA 

Positive, a. absolute ; certain ; confident. 

Possess, v.-a. to have as an owner. 

Posset, 5. milk curdled with wine. 

Possible, a. having the power to be or to be done. 

Post, 5. a messenger; quick travelling; an office; a 

piece of timber set erect. 
Postchaise, s. a chai?e to travel post. 
Posterity, s. succeeding generations j descendants., 
Postern, s. a small gate. 

Posthumous, a* done, had. or published after one's death. 
Postillion, s. one who guides the horses in a carriage. 
Postpone, v. a. to put off. 

Postscript, s. something added to the end of a letter. 
Posture, 5. place ; situation ; attitude. 
Posy, 5. a motto on a ring; a nosegay. 
Pot, 5. a vessel to hold liquids. 
Potash, s. ashes made from vegetables. 
Potatoe, s. a root for the table. 
Potent, a. powerful. 
Potentate, s. a monarch. 
Potion, s. a medical draught. 
Potsherd, s. a fragment of a pot. 
Potter, 5'. a maker of earthen pots. 
Pouch, s. a small bag; a pocket. 
Poverty, s. scantju.,ss of the means of subsistence. 
Poult, s. a young -.fucken. 

Poulterer, s. a seller of fowls ready for the cook. 
Poultice, 5. bread and milk. 
Poultry, s. domestic fowls. 

Pounce, s. the talon of a bird of prey. [rously. 

Pounce, v. n. to seize with pounces ; to come upon vigo- 
Pound, s. a weight ; a sum consisting of 20s.; an in- 

closure in which strayed beasts are confined. 
Pound, v. a. to beat with a pestle in a mortar. 
Pour, v. a. to cause a liquid to run downward. 
Pout, v. n. to look sullen, by thrusting out the lips. 
Pow'der, s. the state of a solid body ground to dust ; 

gunpowder. 
Pow'er, s. command; ability; government. 
Practical, a. relating to action. 
Practice, s. habit ; use. 
Practise, v. a. to do habitually. 
Pragmatical, a. meddling j impertinently busy, 



PRA PRE 

Praise, *. commendation. [horse. 

Prance, v. n. to spring and bound, as a mettlesome 

Prank, s. a frolic; a mischievous act. 

Prank, t\ a. to dress gaudily. 

Prate, s. idle talk ; chatter. 

Prattle, s. the talk of a child. 

Prawn, s. a small shell-fish. 

Pray, v. it. to petition. 

Prayer, s. pe ition ; mlreaty. [subject. 

Preach, v. n. to pronounce • public discourse on a sacred 

Preamble, s. the introduction particularly of an act of 

Prebend, s. an office in the church. [parliament. 

Precarious, a. uncertain ; arbitrary. 

Precaution, s. a preventive measure ; foresight. 

Precede, v. a. to go before in rank or time. 

Precedence, s. a going before. 

Precedent, s. an example. 

Precept, s. a rule authoritatively given. 

Precious, a. valuable; of great price. 

Precipice, s. a perpendicular ascent. 

Precipitate, a. hast-; inconsiderate. 

Precipitate, v. a. to throw headlong; to urge on vio- 

Precise, a. exact; strict ; nice. [iently* 

Preclude, v. a. to shut out. 

Preconceive, v. a. to form an opinion beforehand. 

Predecessor, s. one that "was in any state or place before 

another. 
Predestination, s. the scheme of God in the government 
Predict, v. a. to foretel. [of the orid. 

Pre-iominate, v. n. to prevail ; to be superior in power. 
Pre-eminent, a. excellent above otheis 
Pre- existence, s. existence previous to our being born. 
Preface, s. something spoken introductory to .he main 

design ; the first part of a book, containing previous 

matters. 
Prefer, v. a. to regard more than another; to offer; to 
Prefix, v. a. to place before. [exalt. 

Pregnant, a. fruitful; full of ground from which to 
. infer. [tion ; mischief ; iniury. 

Prejudice s. an opinion adhered 'to without exarfiina- 
Prelate, s. a bishop; an ecclesiastic of the highest 

erder. • . - 



PRE P R I 

Preliminary, s. something introductory ; a previous con- 
dition, [liminary. 

Prelude, s. music before the principal piece; a pre- 

Premature, a. produced too soon or too hastily. 

Premise, s. a point previously laid down. 

Prentice, see Apprentice. 

Prepare, v. a. to make ready. 

Preponderate, v. a. to outweigh. 

Prepossess, v. a. to incline to favour. 

Preposterous, a. absurd; unfit. 

Prerogative, s. a power of the sovereign. 

Presage, 5. a prognostic* a foretoken. 

Presbyterian, s. one who maintains that all clergymen 
should be on an equality. 

Prescience, fr foreknowledge. 

Prescribe, v. a, to order"; to direct a medicine. 

Prescription, s. a law by custom ; direction from a pby- 

Present, s. something given to another. [sician* 

Present, a, at hand ; face to face. 

Present, v. a. to offer; to exhibit ; to bestow. 

Presently, ad. at present; soon. 

Preserve, v. a. to save; to keep fruit from decay. 

Preside, v. n. to be set over. 

President, s. the head of an assembly. 

Press, v, a. to squeeze ; to crush ; to urge. 

Press, 5. an instrument for printing; a case for clothes. 

Presume, v.n. to suppose ; to make arrogant attempts. 

Presumptuous, a. arrogant; confident. 

Pretence, s. a groundless claim; a false allegation* 

Prete'nd, v. a. to claim ; to allege falsely. 

Pretension, s. a claim. 

Pretext, s. a pretended reason. 

Pretor, s. a Roman judge. 

Pretty, a. neat ; elegant ; beautiful without dignity. 

Pretty, ad, in a moderate degree ; very. 

Prevail, v. a, to gain the superiority 3 to be in forces 

Prevaricate, t>. a. to avoid speaking the direct truth. 

Prevent, v. a. to guide ; to hinder. 

Previous, a. going before. 

Prey, s. food gotten by violence ; plunder. 

Price, 5. equivalent; value ; estimation. 

Prick, v. a. to pierce slightly*. 



PRI PRO 

Prickle, 5. a small sharp point. 

Pride, s. inordinate self-esteem. 

Priest, s. one set apart for religious functions. 

Prim, a. formal; affectedly nice. 

Primate, 9. a chief bishop. [life. 

Prime, 5. the beginning ; the best part ; the spring of 

Primer, s. a first book for children. 

Primitive, «. in grammar, not derivative; a word from 

which other words are formed. 
Primitive, a. ancient; original; formal. 
Primrose, s. a flower. 
Prince, 5 a ruler; the son of a king. 
Principal, 5. a head or leader in any undertaking. 
Principal, a. chief; capital. 

Principality, s. a prince's domain. [cause. 

Principle, s. fundamental truth; element; sentiment; 
Print, s. a mark made by impression ; a picture. 
Print, v. a. to multiply books by mechanical operation. 
Prior, s. the chief man of a convent of friars. 
Prior, a. former; antecedent.. 
Priority, s. a being first in rank. 
Prism, 5. a glass for dissecting the rays of the sun. 
Prison, & a plae^ of confinement. 
Private, a. secret; alone. 
Privation, s. the loss of any thing. 
Privilege, s. peculiar advantage. 
Privity, s. joint knowledge. 
Privy, a. secret ; admitted to secrets. 
Prize, s. a reward ; a booty. 
Prize, v. a. to rate ; to value. 

Probable, a. likely; having more evidence than the con- 
Probation, s. trial. [trary. 
Probe, s. a surgeon's instrument. 
Probity, s. honesty ; integrity. 
Problem, s. a question in algebra or geometry. 
Proceed, v. n. to go forward; to arise; to transact 
Process, s. course. 
Procession, s. a solemn train. 
Proclaim, v. a. to publish solemnly. 
Procrastinate, v. a. to defer ; to delay. 
Proctor, s. an attorney in the spiritual court. 
Procure,!'. «. to obtain; to acquire; to effect* 
O 



PRO PRO 

Prodigal, s. a waster ; a spendthrift. 

Prodigy, s. any thing out of the ordinary process of na- 

Produce, 5. that which is produced ; gain. [ture. 

Produce, v. a. to yield; to bring forth. 

Product, s. something produced ; the result of multi- 
plication in arithmetic. 

Profane, a, not sacred ; treating sacred things irreve- 

Profess, v. a. to declare openly. [rently. 

Profession, s. an employment which cannot be exercised 
without a liberal education. 

Professor, s. a public teacher of some art. 

Proffer, s. an offer made. 

Proficient, s. one who has made a progress in any study 
or business. 

Profile, 5. the side face* 

Profit, s. gain ; advantage ; improvement. 

Profligate, 5. a man without principles or conduct. 

Profound, a. deep ; learned. 

Profuse, a. prodigal ; superabundant. 

Progenitor, 5. a forefather. 

Progeny, s. offspring. 

Prognostic, s. that which foreshows. 

Progress, s. course • improvement ; advancement. 

Prohibit, v. a. to forbid. 

Project, 5. a scheme; a design. 

Project, v. a. to scheme or design. 

Prolific, a. fruitful. 

Prolix, a. long; tedious. 

Prologue, 5. a speech before a play. 

Prolong, v. a. to lengthen out. 

Prominent, a. standing out. 

Promiscuous, a. mingled ; undistinguished. 

Promise, s. an engagement for somewhat hereafter, 

Promontory, s. a cape. 

Promote, v. a. to forward ; to bestow preferment. 

Prompt, a. quick ; ready. 

Prompt, v. a. to urge ; to assist at a loss. 

Promulgate, v. a. to publish ; to spread knowledge. 

Prone, a. bending downwards; lying with the facft 
downward. 

Prong, s. the tongue or sharp points of a fork. 

Pr6noun 5 s, a word used instead of a noun or a name. 



PRO PRO 

Pronounce, v. a. to speak articulately ; to utter autbo- 

Pronunciation, s. mode of utterance. [ritatively. 

Proof, 5. evidence; means of conviction ; trial. 

Proof, a. impenetrable; having the proper quality. 

Prop, s. a support ; a stay. 

Propagate, v. a, to tell widely. 

Propeuse, a. inclined. 

Proper, a. peculiar; fit. 

Property, s. a quality : those things which a man may 

use at his discretion, are called his property. 
Prophecy, 5. a prediction. 
Prophesy, v. a. to predict. 
Prophet, s. one who tells future events ; one of the sa- 

cred writers, who treats of things to come. 
Propitiate, v. a. to conciliate ; to induce to favour. 
Propitious, a. kind; favourable. 

Proportion, s. the comparative relation of one thing to 
Propose, v. a. to offer to consideration. [anothejv 

Proprietor, s. a man having property. 
Propriety, s. decorum in behaviour. 
Prorogue, v. a. to put off to another time* 
Prosaic, a. belonging to prose. 
Proscribe, v. a. to doom to destruction. 
Prose, 5. language that is not in verse. 
Prosecute, v. a. to pursue, particularly in law to a trial. 
Proselyte, s. a convert. 
Prosody, s. the art of metrical composition. 
Prospect, s. a view of something distant or future. 
Prosper, v. n. to be successful ; to thrive. 
Pr6strate, a, prone; lying with the face downward. 
Protect, v. a. to defend. 
Protest, v. n. to give a solemn declaration of one's 

opinion or resolution. [reign of Henry VIII. 

Protestant, s. one of the reformed religion begun in the 
Protract, v. «. to draw out; to delay. 
Protrude, v. a. to thrust forward. 
Protuoerance, s, a tumour. 
Proud, a. elated ; haughty. 

Prove, v. a. to evince; to show by argument or test'i 
Provender, s, dry food for brutes. [mony. 

Proverb, 5. a common saying. 
Provide, v. a, to procure beforehand; to furnish. 
2 



PRO PUL 

Providence, 5. the plan of the Creator of all things for 

the government of the world. 
Provident, a. cautious ; careful. 
Providential, a. effected by Providence, 
Province, 5. a division of a country. 
Provision, s. a providing beforehand ; victuals ; a con- 
Proviso, s. a condition. [dition. 
Provoke, v. a. to rouse ; to excite to anger. 
Prow'ess, 5. bravery. 
Prowl, v. a. to wander for prey. 
Proxy, s. the substitution of another. 
Prude, 5. a woman of affectation and primness. 
Prudent, a. judicious in conduct. 
Prune, s. a dried plum. 

Prune, v. a. to lop; to set in order, as a bird his feathers. 
Pry, v. n. to peep narrowly. 
Psalm, s. a holy song. 
Psaimody, s. the singing of holy songs. 
Psalter, 5, a psalm book. 
Psaltery s. a kind of harp beaten with sticks. 
Pshaw, interj. of contempt. 
Puberty, s. the age at which the beard begins to grow; 

the corresponding age in females. [torious. 

Public, a. belonging to a state or nation ; open ; no- 
Public, s. an assembly or numerous body j the general 

body of a state or nation; open view. 
Publican, s. a taxgatherer 5 an innkeeper. 
Publication, s. the act of publishing. 
Publicity, 5. the state 01 being generally known. 
Publish, v. a. to make known ; to put out a book. 
Pudding, s. a composition, generally with flour arid 

eggs, for the table. [the rain, 

puddle, s. a little pool formed in the road or street by 
Puerile, a. boyish. 
Purl, §. a blast of wind. 
Puff, v. n. to breathe with difficulty. 
Pugh, interj. of contempt. 
Pule, v. n. to whine. 
Pull, v. a. to draw forcibly; to gather. 
Pullet, 5. a young hen. 
Fully, 5. a small wheel for a running cord. 
Pulp, s. the soft part of fruit. 



P U L QUA 

Pulpit, s. an elevated place to speak from in a church. . 
Pulse, s. a motion of the blood, which may be perceived. 

on the application of a finger to the part. 
Pump, s. a water engine. » [two senses* 

Pun, 5. a jest produced by the employing one word hi 
Punch, s. a tool to bore with ; a mixed liquor. 
Puncheon, s. a large cask. 
Punctilio, s. nicety of behaviour. 
Punctual, a. exact; nice, particularly as to time. 
Punctuation, s. the art of putting in your stops right^. 
Pungent, a. pricking ; sharp on the tongue. 
Punish, v. a. to chastise; to impose a penaltj\ 
Puny, a, little ; sickly. 
Pupil, s. the apple of the eye ; a scholar. 
Puppet, s. a wooden actor in a play. 
Puppy, s. the young of a dog. 
Purblind, a. near-sighted. 

Purchase, s. any thing bought or obtained for a price, \ 
Pure, a. spotless; genuine; innocent. 
Purl, v. n. to murmur, as a brook. 
Purloin, v. a. to steal ; to embezzle. 
Purple, a. red tinctured with blue. 
Purport, 5. design ; tendency. 
Purpose, s. an intention. 
Purr, v. a. to murmur as a cat, in pleasure. 
Purse, 5. a small bag for money. 
Purser, s. the paymaster of a ship. 
Pursuant, a. done in consequence of any thing. 
Pursue, v. a. to follow after. 
Pursuit, s. the act of following. 
Purvey', v. n. to provide victuals ; to take by force fo? 

the king's use. 
Pusn, s. an impulse; a thrust. 
Pusillanimous, a. cowardly. 
Put, v. a. to lay; to place. 
Putrid, a. rotten. 
Puzzle, v. a. to perplex. 
PyVamid, s. a square pillar ending in a poi«i* 



Q 



Q- 



UACK, s. a self-constituted physician* 
Quadrangle, s. a square. 
03 



QUA QUI 

Quadrant, s. a mathematical instrument. 

Quadruped, 5. an animal with four legs. 

Quaff, v. a. to drink luxuriously. 

Quagmire, s, a shaking marsh. 

Quail, 5. a bird. 

Quaint, a. laboured; subtle; unnatural. 

Quake, v. n. to shake with cold or fear. 

Qualify, v. a. to make fit. 

Quality, s. a property ; somewhat conceived to be sepa- 
rable from the essence of a thing. 

Qualm, 5. a sudden sickness. 

Quantity, s. number; bulk; weight; portion. 

Quarrel, s. an angry debate; a breach of concord. 

Quarry, s. a stone mine. 

Quart, s. the fourth part of a gallon. 

Quarter, s. a fourth part. 

Quaver, v. n. to shake the voice. 

Quay, s. a wharf for unloading of shipping. 

Queen, s. the wife of a king ; a female sovereign. 

Queer, a. odd ; strange. 

Quell, v. a. to crush ; to subdue. 

Quench, v. a. to extinguish hie or thirst by a liquid, 

Querulous, a, habitually complaining. 

Query, s. a quest ion in science. 

Quest, 5. a search. 

Question, s. an enquiry ; that which demands an answer. 

Quibble, s. a pun, not used for amusement, but for cap-, 
tious argument. 

Quick, a. living; swift. 

Quicksand, 5. moving sand. 

Quickset, s. living shrubs set to grow. 

Quicksilver, s. mercury: a liquid which, being pressed, 
does not adhere to the finger. 

Quiet, s. repose; tranquillity; silence. 

Quill, $. the strong feather of the wing, of which a pen 

Quilt, s. the cover of a bed. [is made. 

Quiit, v. a. to stitch one cloth upon another with 
something soft between. 

Quince, s. a tree and its fruit. 

Quinsy, s. a disease. '■ . 

Quinte; sence, s. all the virtues of any thing. 

Quip, s, a sharp jest. 



QUI 



RAN 



Quire, s. a choir ; twenty- four sheets of paper. 

Quirk, s. a subtlety. 

Quit, v. a. to remove; to give up. 

Quite, ad. completely. 

Quiver, 1 s. a case for arrow?. 

Quiver, v. n. to vibrate; to shudder. 

Quoit, a. a thing to play with. 

Quote, v. a. to cite a passage from an author. 

R. 

RA'BBI, $i a teacher, or learned man among the 
Rabbit, s. a furry animal. [Jews. 

Kaoble, s. a tumultuous crowd. 
Race, s. a family; a running-match. 
Rack, s. ( an instrument of torture ; a wooden grate for 

horses, and other uses. 
Racket, s. a battledore. 
Radiant, a. shining; emitting rays. 
Radical, a. belonging to a root; primitive; original; 
Radish, s. a garden root. [implanted by nature* 

Raffle, s'. a lottery. 
Raft, s. a float of wood. 
Rafter, 5. the roof timbers of a house. 
Rag, s. a worn-out piece of cloth. 
Rage, 5. violent anger. 

Rail, s. a cross beam ; a sort of wooden or iron post. 
Rail, v. n. to inclose with rails; to use insolent Ian- 
Raillery, s. a sligiit satire. [guage. 
Raiment, g. vesture; dress. 
Rain, 5. the moisture that falls from the clouds. 
Rainbow, s. the bow of various colours which appears 

in showery weather. 
Raise, v. a. to lift ; to set up; to collect. 
Raisin, s. a dried grape. 
Rake, 5. a tool with teeth ; a libertine. 
Rally, v. a. to chide in a facetious manner; to muster, 
Ram, s. a male sheep. 
Ramble, 5. a wandering excursion. 
Ramify, v. a. to separate into branches. 
Rampant, a. prancing. 
Rampart, s. the wall of a fortified place. 
Rancid, a. strong-scented. 
Rancour, s, implacable hatred. 



RAN REA 

Random, a. done by chance. 
Range, v. a. to place in order ; to rove. 
Rank, 5. a line of men ; a row ; a class. 
Rank, a. luxuriant; strong-scented. 
Rankle, v. n. to fester ; to breed virulence. 
Ransack, v. #. to plunder. 
Ransom, s. a price paid for liberty. 
Rant, s. high-sounding empty words* 
Rap, s. a quick smart blow. 
Rap, i\ a. to strike; to give ecstasy. 
Rapacious, a. given to plunder. 
Rapid, a. quick; swift. 
Rapine, 5. plunder. 
Rapture, <?. ecstasy ; transport. 
Rare, a. scarce; uncommon; excellent; thin. 
Rarify, v. a. to make thin. 
Rascal, s. a mean fellow ; a scoundrel. 
Rase, u. a. to erase; to overthrow; to destroy. 
Rash, a. precipitate; thoughtless of danger or con- 
Rasp, v. a. to rub to powder. [sequences. 
Raspberry, s. a delicious berry that grows on a species 

cf the bramble. 
Rat, s. an animal of the mouse kind. [mently. 

Rate, v. a. to value at a certain price; to chide vehe- 
Rath, a. early. 

Rather, ad. sooner; more willingly. 
" Ratify, v. a. to confirm. [judicious. 

Rational, a. endowed with reason ; agreeable to reason ; 
Rattle, s. a quick sharp noise with frequent repetitions. 
Rattlesnake, s. a kind of serpent. 
Ravage, 5. spoil ; ruin ; waste. 
Rave, v. n. to be furiously mad. 
Raven, s. a large black fowl. 

Ravenous, a. hungry as a raven ; hungry to a disease. 
Raw, a. not dressed by fire ; bleak ; chill. 
Ray, s. a beam of light. 
Razor, s. a. tool to shave with. 

Reach, v. a. to touch with the hand extended ; to at- 
Read, v. a. to peruse. [tain ; to hold out. 

Ready, a. prepared ; willing. 

Real, a. relating to things, not persons ; not fictitious. 
Realm, s. a kingdom. 
Fveam, s. twentv quires of £a£fcU 



REA REC 

Reap, v. a. to cut down corn. 

Rear, s. the last division of an army in march. 

Rear, v. a. to raise up : to educate. 

Reason, s. the intellectual principle in man ; a causey 

a principle in argument. 
Rebel, s. one who rises against lawful authority. 
Rebuke, s. a sharp reproof. 
Recant, v. a. to retract. 
Recapitulate, u. a. to sum up generally. 
Recede, v. n. to fall back ; to give way. 
Receipt, s. the act of receiving ; a note by which money 

is acknowledged to have been received ; prescription 

of ingredients for any composition. 
Receive, v. a. to take; to admit. 
Recent, a. new; late; fresh. 

Receptacle, s. a place into which things are received. 
Reception, s. receiving; treatment. 
Recess, 5. a retired place ; a cessation from business. 
Recipe, 5. a medical prescription. 
Reciprocal, a. alternate ; done by each to each. 
Recite, 1. a. to repeat; to enumerate. 
Reckon, v. a. and n. to number ; to call to account. 
Reclaim, v. a. to reform. 
Recline, v. n. to lean back or sideways. 
Recluse, s, one who lives in solitude. 
Recognize, v. a. to acknowledge ; to recollect. 
Recoil, v. n. to rush back; to shrink. 
Recollect, v. a. to recover to memory; to recover 

Strength of mind. 
Recommend, v. a. to commend to another. 
Recompense, s, reward ; compensation. 
Reconcile, v. a. to compose diiierences. 
Record, s. an authentic account. 
Record, v. a. to register authentically. 
Recorder, s, a lav officer. 

Recover, v. a. to restore from sickness ; to regain. 
Recount. v : . a. to relate. 

Recourse, s. application as for help or protection. 
Recreant, s. an apostate; a coward. 
Recreate, v. a. to amuse; to refresh. 
Recriminate, v\ n. to return one accusation with another. 
Recruit, s. a repairing of strength or means; a new 

soldier. 



ITE C REG 

Rectify, v. a. to make right. 

Rectitude, 5. straightness ; uprightness. 

Rector, s. a minister of a parish, where the emolu* 

ments are entire. 
Recur, v. n. to return to mind ; to have recourse to. 
Red. a. colour, as that of blood. 
Redbreast, s. a bird. 

Redeem, v. a. to ransom. [the death of Christ. 

Redemption, s. ransom ; purchase of God's favour by 
Redoubt, 5. the outwork of a fortification. 
Redoubted, cu formidable. 
Redound, v. n. to be sent back by reaction ; to conduce. 

Redress, s. relief of grievances. 

Reduce, v. a, to bring to another denomination ; to 
make less ; to subdue. 

Redundant, a. plentiful; exuberant. 

Reed, s. a plant ; a pipe or arrow made of reeds. 

Reek, v. n. to smoke; to steam. 

Reel, s. a frame upon which yarn is wound ; a dance. 

Reel, v. a. to wind on a reel ; to stagger. 

Refer, v. a. to allude; to yield to another's judgement. 

Refine, v. a. to purify; to exalt. 

Refit, v. a. to repair. 

Reflect, v. a. to return the rays of light, and forms of 
things ; to consider ; to reproach. 

Reflux, 5. a flowing back. 

Reform, 5. change from worse to better. 

Refractory, a. obstinate ; perverse ; disobedient. 

Refrain, v. a. to forbear. 

Refresh, v. a. to relieve after hunger or fatigue. 

Refuge, s. shelter from distress or danger. 

Refulgent, a. bright ; splendid. 

Refund, v. n.to pay what has been received. 

Refuse, 5, worthless remains ; dross. 

Refuse, v. a. to reject; to deny. 

Refute, v. a. to prove false or erroneous. 

Regal, a. royal; kingly. 

Regale, s. a feast. 

Regard, s. look ; respect ; attention; reference. 

Regenerate, v. a. to restore to youth, vigour, or in- 

Regent, 5. a temporary governor; a ruler, [nocence. 

Regicide, s. a murderer of his king. 
Regimen, s . a proper diet in sickness. 



REG REM 

Regiment* 5. a body of soldiers under one colonel. 
Region, s. part of the world ; part of the body. 
Register, s. an account of things regularly kept. 
Regret, s. vexation at something past. 
Regular, a. agreeable to rule. 

Rehearse, v. a. to excite ; to repeat previously to pub- 
Reject, v. a. to refuse. [lie exhibition. 
Reign, s. royal authority ; the time of a king's govern- 
Reimburse, v. a. to repay. . [ment. 
Rein, s. part of a bridle. 
Reins, s. pi. the kidneys. 
Reinstate, v. a. to put again in possession. 
Rejoice, v. n. to be glad. 
Reiterate, v. a. to repeat again. 
Relapse, s a falling back into sickness or vice. 
Relate, v. a- and n. to tell; to have reference to. 
Relation, s. a narration; a relative. 
Relative, s. a kinsman or kinswoman; a pronoun which 
refers to a substantive preceding. 

Relax, v. a. to slacken ; to divert. 

Release, s. dismission from obligation, confinement, ser- 
Relent, v. n. to soften. [vitude, or pain. 

Relics, 5. pi. the remains of bodies; things kept in me- 

Relict, 5. a widow. [mory of persons deceased. 

Relief, s. succour; mitigation; figures projecting in 
statuary. [nel by placing another. 

Relieve, v. a. to support; to assist; to dismiss a senti- 

Religion, s. a system of divine faith and worship. 

Relinquish, v. a. to quit. 

Relish, s. taste; liking. 

Reluctant, a. unwilling. 

Rely', v. n. to put trust in. 

E>emain, v. n. to continue; to be left behind, when 

Remainder, 5. what is left. [something is taken away. 

Remand, v. a. to send back. 

Remark, s. observation; note. [paired. 

Remedy, 5. a medicine; that by which any evil is re- 
Remember, v. a. to keep in mind; to call to mind. 

Remind, v. a. to put in mind. 

Remiss, a. slack ; slothful. 

Remission, s, abatement; pardon. 

Remit, v. a. to relax ; to forgive. 

Remnant, s. residue. 



REM REP' 

Remonstrate, v. a. to expostulate earnestly. 
Remorse, s. pain of guilt; tenderness; compassion. 
Remote, a. distant; alien ; of a longtime since. 
Remove, v. n. to change place. 
Remunerate, v. a. to reward. 

Rencounter, s. accidental meeting; sudden combat. 
."Rend, v. a. to tear with violence, 
lie ud er, v. a. to give ; to restore. ' 

Renovate, ( V ' "' t0 make aiiew > to be » in anew " 

Renounce, v. a. to disown publicly what had belonged 

Renow'n, s. fame; celebrity. [to us. 

Rent, s, money paid for the use of a house or land. 

Repair, v. a. to restore after injury. 

Repartee, s. a smart reply. 

Repast, 5. a meal ; fooo\ 

Repeal, s. a revoking. 

Repeat, v. a. to say or do again ; to deliver from me- 

Repel, v. a. to drive back. [mory. 

Repent, v. n. to be sorry for sin. 

Repetition, s. saying or doing again ; recital from me- 

R.epine, v. n. to fret : to be discontented. [mory. 

Replenish, v. a. to stock; to fill. 

Replete, a. full to exuberance. 

Reply', s. an answer ; the return to an answer. 

Report, s. a rumour ; repute ; account returned ; sound 

Repose, s. sleep ; quiet. [produced. 

Reprehend, v. a. to chide. [another. 

Represent,*), a. to exhibit; to descrbe; to appear for 

Representation, s. image ; likeness ; deputation. 

Repress, v. a. to put down; to subdue. 

Reprieve, s. a suspension of punishment. 

Reprimand, 5. reproof; reprehension. 

Reprisal, s. a taking by way of retaliation. 

Reproach, s. censure; blame. 

Reprobate, 5. one lost to virtue. 

Reproof, s. blame addressed to the offender. 

Reprove, v. a. to reproach. 

Reptile, s. a creeping thing. 

Republic, s. commonwealth; government without al 

Repugnant, a. contrary ; inconsistent. [king. 

Repulse, s t a being driven off or put aside. 

Repute, s. character ; reputation j established opinion. 



R E Q RET 

Request, s. intrcaty; credit. 

Require, v._ a. to demand. 

Requite, v. a, to repay; to return like for like, 

Rescind, v. a. to revoke. 

Rescue, 5. deliverance from violence or danger. 

Research, $. enquiry ; examination. 

Resemble, v. a. to be like. 

Resent, v. a. to take ill. 

Reserve, s. something- kept back ; modesty ; eautkm* 

Reside, v. n. to have abode; to dwell. 

Residue, s. what is left. 

Resign, v. a. to give up. 

Resist, 17. c. to oppose. 

Resolve, v. a. and n. to solve; to determine. 

Resolute, a. determined. 

Resort, 5. a concourse. 

Resort, v. n. to have recourse to ; to repair to. 

Resource, s. some new menus that offer. 

Respect, s. regard ; honour ; relation. 
Respective, a. particular. 
Respire, v. n. to breathe. 
Respite, s. a reprieve; a pause. 
Resplendent, a. bright ; splendid, 
■Respond, v. n, to answer. 
Response, s. an answer. 
Rest, s, sleep ; repose ; quiet. 
RestifT, a. resolute not to go; stubborn. 
Restitution, s, the act of restoring. 
Restorative, a. able to recruit life. 
Restore, v. tu to retrieve; to give back. 
Restrain, v. a. to withhold j to hold in; to prohibit, 
Restrict, v. a. to limit. 
Resty, a. restiff. 

Result, s. a consequence ; an inference. 
Resume, v. a, to take bask. 
Resumption, s. the act of resuming. 
Resurrection, 5. return from the grave. 
Retail, s. sale by small quantities. 
Retain, v. a. to keep. 
Retaliate, v. a. to return like for like.. 
Retard, v. a. to hinder; to delay. 
Retentive, a. having the power of retaining, 
P 



RET RIB 

Retinue, s. a train of attendants. 

Retire, v. n. to withdraw. 

Retort, v. a. to return any censure, or incivility. 

Retract, v. a. to unsay ; to confess error. 

Retreat, s. a retiring; a place of privacy. 

Retrench, v. a. to cut off authority or expense. 

Retribution, 5. repayment; appropriate reward or fra- 

Retrieve, v. a. to recover ; to regain. [nishmeut. 

Retrograde, a. going back. 

Retrospect, s. a looking back upon things. 

Return, s. a coming back ; a restoring. 

Reveal, v. a. to lay open; to publish things unknown. 

Revel, s. a noisy feast. 

Revelation, s. discovery of sacred truths. 

Revenge, s. a return of injury. 

Revenue, 5. income. 

Revere, v. a. to honour ; to regard with awe. 

Reverie, s. a sort of waking dream. 

Reverse, s. change ; opposite. 

Reverse, v. «• to turn'upside down ; to repeal. 

Reversion, s. a right of succession. N 

Revert, v. a. to change; to turn back. 

Review', 5. a survey; a military exhibition. 

Revile, v. a. to vilify; to treat with contumely- 
Revise, v. a. to examine with a view to alter and amend. 

Revive, v. a. to bring to life again; to recomfort ; to 
bring to memory. 

Revoke, v. a. to call back ; to unsay. 

Revolt, v. n. to rebel; to regard wirh loathing. 

Revolve, v. a. and ?i, to move in a circle; to consider. 

Revolution, s. a returning motion; a great change in a 

Reward, s. a recompense. [state, or a nation. 

Rhapsody, s. a discourse, fiery, but unconnected. 

Rhetoric, s. the art which teaches oratory. 

Rheum, s. the watery matter of the body, sometimes 
producing a defluxion from the eyes. 

Rheumatism, s. a disease proceeding from rheum. 

Rhubarb, s. a root. 

Rhyme, 5. poetry; the sound of one syllable answering 
to the sound of another. 

Rib, s. one of the bones which inclose the intestines- 
Ribaldry, s. stale and vapid speech. 



RIB RO A 

Ribband, s. a fillet of silk. 

$. a grain. 
Kick. a. -wealthy; valuable; fertile. 
Hiches, s. wealth ; money. 

Hick, s. a pile of corn or hay regularly heaped up. 
Kid, v. a. to set free ; to clear. 
Kiddle, 5. a puzzling question. 
Hide, 5. an excursion on horseback or in a carriage. 
Ridge, 5. the top of any thing sloping. 
[Ridicule, s, wit that provokes laughter. 
Ridiculous, a. worthy of laughter or contempt. 
Rifle, v. a. to pillage. 
Rift, s. a cleft. 
T\.]g, v. a. to fit with tackling. 
Right, s. justice; just claim. 
Right, a. straight ; fit ; just; honest. 
Righteous, a. just ; virtuous. 

Rigid, a. stiff; severe; cruel. 

Rigour, s. coldness; seventy. 

Rill, s. a small brook or stream. 

Rim, s. a border; a margin. 

Rime, 5. hoar-frost ; a mist. 

Rind, s. bark; husk; peel. 

Ring, s. a circle ; an ornament for the finger. 

Ring, v. 77. and a. to strike or sound as a bell. 

Ringleader, s. the head of a ring of rioters. 

JJioglet, s. a curl. 

Rinse, v. a. to wash slightly. 

Riot, s. sedition; uproar; jollity. 

Rip, v. a, to open a seam. 

Ripe, a. mature; complete; finished. 

%i\ .■■- lb, ». w. to fret on the surface, as water swiftly 

Rise, s» a beginning; a source. [running. 

. v. n. to get up; to improve. 

Risible, a. b power of laughing ; exciting 

Risk , £ hazard; danger. [laughter. 

Rite, s. a sole :: religion. 

Rival, 5. a competitor. 

Rive, v. a. to split ; to cleave. 
River, s. a large current of water. 

Rivet, 5. a fastening pin clenched at both ends. 
Rivulet, 5. a small river. 
^load > g, a large way; a oath, 
PS 



RO A ROU 

Roam, v. 7i. to wander; to rove. 

Roan, a. dappled. 

Hoar, v. n. to utter a loud noise. [fire. 

Roast, v. a. to dress meat by turning it round before the 

Rob, v. a. to take away by violence the property of 

Robe, s. a gown of state. • [another. 

Robin, s. a redbreast. 

Robust, a. strong; sinewy. 

Rock, s, a vast mass of stone ; a distaff. 

Rock, v. a. to shake; to move a cradle. 

Rocket, 5. an artificial firework. 

Rod, s. a twig; an instrument of punishment. 

Roe, 5. a species of deer; the eggs of a tisb. 

Rogue, s. a vagabond ; a knave. [loaf. 

Roll, s. a thing roiling; a mass made round ; a small 

Romance, 5- fiction ; a tale of wild adventures in war or 

Romp, 5. a rude lively girl. [iove* 

Rood, s, the fourth part of an acre. 

Roof, s the cover of a house. 

Rook, s. a bird. 

Rookery, s. a nursery of rooks. 

Room, s. place; stead; a chamber. 

Roost, s. a place where birds rest. 

Root, ^. that part of a plant which rests in the ground. 

Rope, s. a cord; a string; a halter. 

Rosary, s. a string of beads used by Catholics for their 

Rose, s. sl sweet flower. [prayers. 

Roseate, a. rosy ; blooming. 

Rosin, s. thickened turpentine. 

Rostrum, s. the stage from which the Roman orators 

addressed their audience. 
Rot, v. a. and n. to bring to corruption; to decay. 
Rotation, <?. a turning round; succession. [sense. 

Rote, s. words uttered without comprehension of- their 
Rove, v. 7i. to go from place to place without settled 
Rover, 5. a wanderer ; a pirate. [design. 

Rough, a. uneven ; rugged ; harsh. 
Round, s. a circle; step of a ladder; a district. 
Roundhouse, 5. a constable's prison. 
Roundly, ad. plainly, 
Rouse, v. a. to wake from rest. 
Rout, s. a rabble. 
Route, s. a road ; a way. 



ROW RYE 

Row, s. a line of men or things. 

Row, v. a. to move a boat with oars. 

Roy'al, a. kingly; noble. 

Rub, v. a. to touch bard ; to scour ; to polish. 

Rubbish, s. a loose mass of various matters. 

Ruby, s. a precious stone. 

Rudder, s. the instrument by which the course of a ship 

Ruddy, a. reddish. [is guided. 

Rude, a, coarse ; uncivil ; violent. 

Iludiment, s. the first principles of any science; the 

beginning of any thing. 
Rue, s. an herb. 
Rue, v. a. to be sorry for. 
Ruff, s. a linen ornament for the neck. 
Ruffian, s. a man of violence. 
Ruffle, 5. plaited linen used as an ornament. 
Ruffle, v. a. to disorder; to make rough. 
Bug, s. a coarse nappy woollen cloth. 
Ruirged, a. rough. [tion. 

Ruin, s. the remains of a building demolished ; destruc-* 
Rule, 5. government; sway; a precept. 

ivller, s. a governor; an instrument by which lines are 

Rum, s. spirits distilled from sugar. [drawn. 

Rumble, v. a. to make a hoarse, low, continued noise, 
like thunder. 

Ruminate, v. n. to chew food a second time, as cows do ; 

Rumour, s. a flying report. [to muse. 

Rump, 5. the hinder part of a beast or bird. 

Bun, v. n. to go swiftly along. 

Punnet, s. a liquor used for. turning milk into hard 

• curds for cheese, &c. 

jlupture, s. breach of friendship; breach of peace be- 

Rursl, a. belonging to the country. [tween nations. 

jpush, s. a plant. 

Bush, v.n. to move with violence. 

Ruk, s. a kind of biscuit. 

Russet, .a. reddish ; coarse ; rustic. 

Rust, 5. the red incrustation of iron or other metals« 

Rustic, a. rural; homely; ill bred. 

Rustle, v. n. to make a low continued rattle. 

Rut, 5. the track of a cart wheel. 

Ruth, s. pity ; grief. 
Rye, s. a coarse kind of bread corn. 
P3 



SAB SAM 

s. 

SA'BEATH, s. the day of rest and worship. 
Sable. 5. an animal and its skin. 

Saole, a. black. 

Sabre, s. a seymeiar; a crooked sword. 

Sack, 5. a large bag; a measure of three bushel?; a 

Sack, v. a. to plunder. [species of wine. 

Sacrament, s. the outward and visible sign of an in- 
ward and spiritual grace. 

Sacred, a. holy; solemn ; not to be violated. 

Sacrifice, s. an offering made to some deity ; any thing 
renounced for the sake of something else. 

Sacrilege, s. the applying to common uses what was 

Sad, a. sorrowful ; afflictive. [sacred* 

Sadden, v. a, to make sad. 

Saddle, s. a seat to put on a horse's back. 

Safe, s. a buttery ; a pantry* 

Safe, a. free from danger. 

Saffron, s. a plant. 

Sagacious, a. quick of discernment. 

Sage, s. a plant : a man of wisdom. 

Sail, 5. a canvass sheet ; a ship. 

Saint, s. one eminent for pie"/. 

Sake, 5. end ; purpose ; account. 

Salary, s. stated hire ; compensation for labour. 

Sale, 5. the act of selling. 

Sal lad, s. food of raw herbs. 

Sallow, a. of a sickly yellow colour. 

Sally, s. eruption; issue from a town besieged ; (light; 

Salmon, s. a fish. [frolic. 

Salt, s. a well-known seasoning ; wit. 

Saltcellar, s. a vesel of salt for the table. 

Saltpetre, s. nitre. 

Salvation, 5. preservation from eternal death. 

Salubrious, a. wholesome. 

Salve, 5. a remedy for wounds. 

Salver, 5. a plate on which any thing is presented. 

Silvo, s. an exception. 

Salutary, a. wholesome. 

Salute, v. a- to greet ; to kiss* 

Same, a. not different ; not another. 

Sample, t, specimen. 



SAM S C A 

Sampler, s. a piece of needle-work for girls. 
Sahptify, v. a. to make holy. 
Sanction, 4. confirmation; countenance. 
Sanctuary, s. a holy place, formerly allowed to shelter 
Sand. s. gravelly earth. [criminals. 

Sandal, s. the sole, as of a shoe, made to be laced on 
Sane, a. sound ; healthy of body or mind. [the loot. 
Sanguinary, a. cruel. 
Sanguine, a. red; ardent; confident, 
Sap, s. the vitai juice of plants. 
Sap, v. a. to undermine. 
Sapient, a. wise ; sage. 
Sapling, s. a young tree. 
Sarcasm, s. a taunt ; a gibe. 
Sarcastical, a. severe; taunting. 
Sarcenet, s. a fine thin silk. 

Sa^li, 5. a belt worn for distinction- a window moved 
Satchel, s. a school-boy's bag. [with putnes, 

Sate, v. a. to make tired of. 
Satiate, v. a. to satisfy completely. 
Satiety, s. state of being completely satisfied, 
Satin, 5. a soft, close, shining silk. 
Satire, s. a poem censuring vice and folly. 
Satisfaction, s. the being pleased ; amends. 
Satisfactory, a. giving content ; atoning. 
Satisfy, v. a. to content; to recompense; to appease; 
Saturday, s. the last day of the week. [to convince. 

Savage, 5. a mari untaught and uncivilised. 
Sauce, 5. something to give relish to food. 
Saucepan, s. a pan to make sauce in. 
Saucer, s. a small plate for a teacup. 
Saucy, a. pert; insolent. 

Sa- e, y. a. to preserve from danger or destruction; to 
Saunter, v. n. to loiter ; to rove. [^pare; to lay by. 

Savour, s. a taste; oclbnr. 
Savoy 7 s. a sort of cabbage. 
Sausage, s. a composition of meat and spice. 
Saw, s. a toothed instrument for cutting ; a proverb- 
Say, v. a. to speak ; to tell. 
Scabbard, s. the sheath of a sword. 
Searlbld, s. a temporary stage. 

Scaid, v. a. to bum with hot liquor. [ladder. 

Scale, s, a balance ; part of the covering of a fish ; & 



SCA SCO 

Scale, v. a. to mount as by ladder. 

Scallop, s. a fish with an indented shell. 

Scalp, s. the skin on the top of the head. 

Scamper, v. n. to bound lightly along. 

Scan, v a. to examine nicely. 

Scandal, 5. a reproachful aspersion ; censure. 

Scanty, a. narrow ; small. 

Scape, s. an escape. 

Scar, s, the mark of a cut, burn, or scald. 

Scarce, a. rare ; not common. 

Scare, v. a. to frighten. 

Scarf, s. a flowing belt worn over the shoulder. 

Scarlet, s. a bright red colour. 

Scate, s. an iron to slide with ; a fish. 

Scatter, v. a. to sprinkle; to dissipate. 

Scavenger, s. a cleaner of streets. 

Scene, s. a part of a play ; a landscape, or any other 

composition that can be taken in by the eye at once. 
Scent, s. smell ; chase by smell. 
Sceptic, s. a universal doubter. 
Sceptre, s. the ensign of royalty borne in the hand. 
Scheme, s. a plan; a project. 
Schism, s. a faction in religion. 
Scholar, s. a disciple ; a man of letters. 
School, 5. a place for education. 
Science, s, art; knowledge built on principles. 
Scientific, a. producing demonstrative knowledge* 
Scissars. 5. pi. a small pair of shears. 
Scoff, v. n. to speak contemptuously. 
Scold, v. a. to reprove clamorously. 
Sconce, s. a sort of candlestick. 
Scoop, 5. a kind of large ladle; a semi-circular knife to 

cut an apple. 
Scope, s. aim; intention; room; space for action, 
Seoreh, v. a. to burn slightly. 
Score, s. an accou.nl ; a debt ; twenty. 
Scorn, s. contempt. 
Scorpion, s. a reptile. 
Scoundrel, s, a low, petty villain. 
Scour, v. a. to rub hard; to cleanse. 
Scourge, s. a whip. [ enemy. 

Scout, $. one sent privately to observe the motion of the 
Scowl, v, ?i, to frown | to look sullen. 



SCO SEA 

Scramble, s. eager contest for something. 

Scrap, 5. a small portion; a fragment. 

Scrape, v. a. to pa-re lightly. 

Scratch, v. a. to wound slightly. 

Scrawl, v. a. to write unskilful I y. 

Scream, v. n. to cry shrilly. 

Screen, s. any thing that affords shelter or concealment. 

Screetch, v. n. to shriek. 

Screw, s. a furrowed cylinder used by mechanics for 

fastening. 
Scribble, v. n. to write without care or beauty. 
Scribe, s. a writer. 
Scrip, &. a small bag. 
Scripture, 5. writings; the EiWe. 
Scrofula, s. the king's evil. 
Scroll, s. a writing rolled up. 
Scrub, v. a. to rub hard. 
Scruple, s. doubt; a weight. 
Scrutiny, s. search; careful examination,, 
Scuffle, 5. a debate with blows. 
Scuik, v. n. to lurk secretly. 
Scull, s. the brain pan. 
Sculler, 5. a cockboat. 
Scullery, s. a place to clean dishes. 
Scullion, s. sl cook's servant. 

Sculptor, s. one who cuts wood or stone into statues. 
Scum, 5. dross; that which rises to the top. 
Scurrilous, a. with foul language. 
Scurvy, s. a disease. 
Scurvy, a. mean ; unworthy. 
Scy'metar, s. a crooked sword. 
Scythe, s. an instrument for mowing grass. 
Sea, s. the ocean ; an inland portion of salt water, as 

the Mediterranean, the Enxine. 
Seal, 5. a stamp; an animal. 

Seam, s. the needle-work which joins two pieces together. 
Sear, v. a. to burn the surface. 
Search, s. an enquiry ; an examination. 
Season, 5. one of the four parts of the year; opportunity. 
Season, v. a. to mix food with any tiling that gives a re- 
lish: to prepare. 
Seat, «. a chair ; a tribunal ; a mansion. 



SEA SEN 

Secede, v. n. to withdraw. 

Seclude, v. a. to shut up apart. 

Second, s. the 6()th part of a minute. 

Second, a. next to the first. 

Secret, s. any thing unknown. 

Secretary, s. one who writes for another. 

Secrete, v. a. to hide. 

Sect, s. a party in philosophy or religion. 

Section, s. a division ; a chapter in a book. 

Secular, a. belonging to worldly concerns. 

Secure, a. free from fear; easy. 

Secure, v. a. to make fast. 

Sedan, s. a close chair to be borne in the streets. 

Sedate, a. calm ; serene. 

Sedentary, a. accustomed to sit; inactive. 

Sediment, s. what settles at the bottom. 

Sed riorj, s. insurrection against government. 

Seduce, v. a. to tempt ; to mislead. 

Sedulous, a. assiduous. 

See, s. the province of* a bishop. 

See, v. a. to perceive by the eye. 

Seed, s. a ^rain that produces a plant. 

Seek, v. a. to loo'k for j to solicit; to pursue. 

Seem, v. n. to appear. 

Seemly, a. decent; becoming. 

Seesaw, s. motion backward and forward. 

Seeth, v. a. to boil. 

Seize, v. a. to take by force. 

Seldom, ad. rarely. 

Select, v. a. to chnse out. 

Self, pron. one's own person. 

Selfish, a. void of regard for others* 

Sell, v. a. to give for a price. 

Selvage. 5. the edge of cloth. 

Semblance, s, likeness. 

Semicircle, s. a half circle. 

Semicolon, s. half a colon ; a point made thus (;)» 

Seminary, s.. a house of education. 

Sempstress, s. one who lives by her needle. 

Senate, s. an assembly of counsellors, for the govern* 

ment of a country. 
Send, v. a. to dispatch j to transmit. 



SEN SET 

Senior, s. one older than another. 

Senna, s. a tree ; a drug. [in*-. 

Sense, s. faculty of perceiving; understanding; mean- 
Sensibility, s. quickness of perception; deiicacy. 

Sensible, a. perceptible; intellectually sound. 

Sensitive, a. quick of sensation. 

Sensual, a. belonging to sene; gross; indulgent to 
mean propensities; intemperate. 

Sentence, s. the decision of a judge. 

Sententious, a. abounding with maxims of life and con- 
duct"; brief; pithy. 

Sentiment, s. internal feeling ; opinion. 

Sentinel, s. a soldier on guard. 

Separate, v. a, to disjoin. 

September, s. the ninth month of the year. 

Septennial, a. lasting seven years. 

Sepulchre,- s. a grave; a tomb. 

Sepulture, s. burial. 

Sequel, s. conclusion; consequence; succeeding part. 

Sequester, v. a. to set aside for a particular ube; to 
withdraw into solitude. 

Seraph, 5. one of the orders of angels. 

Sere, a. dry; withered. 

Serenade, s. music in the night. 

Serene, a. calm ; placid. 

Serge, s. woollen cloth. 

Serjeant, s. a tipstaff; a military officer. 

Series, s. a succession. 

Serious, a. grave ; solemn. 

Sermon, s. a pious discour?e. 

Serpent, s. a creature that moves on its belly, without 

Serpentine, a. winding like a serpent. [legs. 

Servant, s. one who attends on and obeys a master. 

Serve, v- a. and n. to obey; to work for; to be sufficient. 

Service, 5. obedience; assistance; military duty. 

Servile, a. slavish • mean. 

Servitude, s. subjection; slavery. 

Session, 5. a sitting of magistrates, or of the legislature. 

Set, 5. a complete suit or assortment. 

Set, v. n. to place ; to fix ; to plant. 

Settle, v. a. to fix* ? to establish. 

Settle, v. n. to subside; to fix to a place. 

Settlement, s. a colony • a jointure. 



S B V SHE 

Sevenm^ht, s. a week. 

Sever, v. a. to divide. 

Several, a. many; divers. 

Severe, a. sharp; cruel; painful. 

Sew, v. a. to join by threads drawn with a needle, 

Sew'er, s. a passage fur water. 

Sex, 5.. the distiitctioii of male and female. 

Sexton, s. an officer of the church. 

Shabby, a. mean ; piltry. 

Shackle, v. a. to chain. 

Shade, s. the obscurity occasioned by intercepting the 
ravs of light ; a screen ; a ghost. 

Shadow, s. the figure of any thing produced on the 
ground or a wail by that thing's intercepting the 
rays of light; a shade. 

Shaft, Si an arrow ; a section of the earth. 

Shag, s. rough hair; rough cloth. 

Shake, s. concussion given and received. 

Shallow, j. a shoal ; a sand. 

Shallow,. a, not deep i silly* 

Shalot, s. a small onion. ' . - 

Sbjrn, 5 imposture ; trick. 

Shambles, s. a butchery. 

Shame, 5. the confusion of mind arising from a de- 
tected fault ; disgrace ; ignominy. 

Shamefaced, a. modest; bashful. 

Shank ; s. the long; and slender part of the les;, or of any" 

Shape, s. form ; make. [instrument*. 

Shapely, a. gracefully shaped. 

Shard, s. a piece of an earthen vessel. 

Share, 5. a part ; a portion ; the iron of a plough that 

Shark, s. a voracious sea-fish. [cuts the ground. 

Sharp, a. keen; piercing; sour; shrill; severe. 

Sharper, 3. a petty thief. 

Shatter, v. a. to break to pieces; to weaken the union 

Shave, v. a. to pare smooth with a razor. £of parts. 

Shaving, s. a thin slice. 

She, pron. the female named before. 

Sheaf, 5. a bundle of corn. 

Shear, v. a. to clip or cut. 

Shears, 5. a large pair of scissars. 

Sheath, 5. a scabbard for a sword 5 the case of any 

Shed, s. a temporary ©overing. [utensil. 



SHE S H R 

Shed, t>. a. to pour out ; to spill ; to scatter. 

Sheep, s. the animal which bears wool, remarkable for 

innocence and usefulness. 
Sheer, v. a. pure ; clear. [manufacturer. 

Sheet, s. the linen of a bed; a leaf of paper from the 
Shelf, s. a horizontal board against a wall to lay things- 

on ; a sand-bank ; a rock. 
Shell, s. a bard covering; the natural dwelling of cer- 
Shell, v. a. to take out of the shelf. [tain animals, 

Shelter, s. a defence from rain, wind, or any thing vio- 
Shelving, a. sloping.. [lent or inclement,. 

Shepherd, s.. one who tends sheep. 
Sheriff, ft a chief annual county officer. 
She'iry, s. a kind of white wine. 
Shield, 5. a buckler; a defence. 

Shift, s. an evasion ; a trick ; a woman's inner garment; 
Shift, v. a. to change; to alter. 
Shilling, s, a silver coin value twelve pence. 
Shin. s. the forepart of the leg. 

Shine, v. n, to glitter; to rook bright; to appear to 
Ship, s. a large vessel to sail on the seas, [advantage, 
Shire, 6\ a county ; a. province. 
Shirt, s. a man's inner garment. 
Shiver, v. n. to tremble. 

Shiver, v. a. to shatter; to break at once into pieces. 
Shoal, s. a multitude, principally of fishes; a sand- 
Shock, s. conflict; concussion; offence. [bank. 
Shoe, s. the cover of the foot. 
Shoot, s. a quick pain ; a young branch. 
Shoot, v. a. and n. to discharge from a gun ; to sprout 
Shop, s. a place for sale or for work. [out. 
Shore, s. a coast ; a drain ; a buttress. 
Short, a. not long ; scanty. 
Shorthand, s. a method of swift writing*. 
Shot, s. small bullets. 
Shove,, s. a push. 
Shove], s. a kind' of spade-. 

Shoulder, s. the joint which connects the arm with the 
Shout, 5. a cry of triumph. [trunk*. 

Show, 5. an exhibition ; a sight. 
Show'er, s. a fall of rain. 
Shred, s. a small piece cut off. 
Shrew, s. a quarrelsome, noisy woman. 
Q 



SHR SIL 

Shrewd, a- sagacious ; artful ; cunning. 
Shriek, s. a cry of anguish. 
Shrill, a. piercing in sound. 
Shrimp, $. a small shell-fish. 

Shrine, s. a case in which something sacred is placed. 
Shrink, v. n. to grow less. 
Shrive, v. a. to hear at confession. 
Shrive], v. a, to contract into wrinkles. 
Shroud, s. burial clothes; sail ropes. 
Shroud, v. a. to shelter ; to cover. 
Shrovetide, s. the week before Lent; anciently the sea- 
Shrub, s. a small tree. . [son of confession. 
Shrug, s. a raising of the shoulders by way of contempt. 
Shudder, v. a. to shake with fear or cold. 
Shuffle, v. n. to mix cards; to evade; to shift off. 
Shun, v. a. to avoid ; to decline. 
Shut, v. a. to close; to bar. 
Shutter, s. the wooden covering for a window. 
Shuttle, s. an instrument used in weaving. 
Shuttlecock, s. a cork stuck with feathers and struck 

with a battledore. 
Shy, a. reserved; cautious. 
Sick, a. afflicted with disease. 
Sickle, s. a hook to cut corn. 

Side, s. that extremity of any thing, which is neither 
Side, v. n. to join with. [up nor down. 

Siege, s.. the military attack of a fortress or town. 
Sieve, s. an utensil employed for separating dust from 
Sift, v. a. to separate by a sieve. [larger parts. 

Sigh, s. the utterance of the breath, after holding it in 

for a short time. 
Sight, s. perception by the eye ; a show. 
Sightly, a. pleasing to the eye. 

Sign, s. a token ; a picture hung at the door of a house. 
Sign, v. a. to subscribe one's name; to ratify by hand or 

seal. 
Signal, 5. notice given by voice, flag, or telegraph, from 
Signal, a. eminent. [a distance. 

Signature, s. subscription of a name. 
Signet, 5. a seal ; the seal-manual of a king. 
Signify, v. a. to mean ; to be of weight • to give notice. 
Silent, a. mute; still. 
Silk, s. a fine soft thread, spun by a worm. 



S I L S K E • 

Silkworm, 5. the worm that spins silk. 

Sillabub, s. curds made by milking on wine. 

Silly, a. foolish ; witless. 

Silver, s. a precious metal of a white colour. 

Similar, a. resembling. 

Simile, s. a comparison, chiefly in poetry, for illustration 

Simmer, v. n. to boil gently. [and delight, 

Simper, v. n. to smile foolishly. 

Simple, s. a drug ; a medicinal herb. 

Simple, a. plain; artless; uncompounded. 

Simpleton, 5. a silly mortal. 

Simplicity, s. plainness; artlessness. 

Simulation, s. hypocrisy ; the pretending to what we 
are not. 

Sin, s. an action contrary to the laus of God. 

Since, ad. because that; from that time. 

Sincere, a. pure; honest; undissembling. [are moved. 

Sinew, s. a tendon ; the ligament by which the joints 

Sing, v. a. to articulate musically ; to pronounce a song 

Singe, v. a. to scorch. [with time. 

Single, a. by itself; alone; unmarried. 

Singular, a. particular; uncommon; in grammar, ex- 
pressing only one. 

Sinister, a. on the left hand; inauspicious; bad; corrupt, 

Sink, v. n. to fall gradually. 

Sink, s. a drain. 

Sip, 5. a small draught. 

Sippet, s. a small sop. 

Sir, 5. a word of respect to men. 

Sire, s. a father ; a title of kings. 

Sirup, s. the juice of vegetables boiled with sugars 

Sister, s, a female b^rn of the same parents. 

Sisterhood, s. the inhabitants of a nunnery. 

Sit v. n. to rest with the body erect. 

Site, 5. position ; situation. 

Situation, 5. position; condition. 

Sixpence, s. a coin ; half a shilling. 

Size, 5. bulk; a glutinous substance. 

Skate, s. a flat fish ; an iron worn on the foot by those 
who travel on ice. 

Skein, s. a knot of thread or silk. [natural situation. 

Skeleton, s. the bones of an animal preserved in their 

Sketch, 5. an outline. 

Q2 



SKE SLI 

.Skew'er, s. a wooden or iron pin. 
Skiff, s. a small light boat. 
Skill, s. dexterity; knowledge of any art. 
Skillet, s. a small boiler. 

Skim, v.- a. to take off the cream or scum of any liquid. 
Skimmer, 5. a ladle to skim with. 

Skin, $. the natural covering of the flesh ; the rind of 
Skin, v. a. to take off the skin. [fruit. 

Skip, v. a. and n. t© leap or bound £ to pass over. 
Skirmish, s. a slight battle. 
Skirt, s. a border ; an edge. 
Skittish, a. easily frightened; wantQR. 
Skulk, v. il. to hide ; to kirk in fear. 
Skull, s. the bone that incloses the head. 
Sky, 5. the heavens ; the hemisphere above us. 
Sky'lark, s. a lark that mounts and sings. 
Sky'ligbt, s. a window in the roof. 
Skyrocket, $. a kind of rising fire-work. 
Slab, s, a plane of marble or other stone. 
Slack, a. loose ; remiss. 
Slake, v. a. to quench thirst. 
Slander, s. guilt falsely imputed. 
Slant, a. oblique; not direct. 
Slap, s. a blow'with the hand open. 
Slash, 5. a slight wound. 

Slate, 5. a grev fossile stone, used to cover houses, or to 
Slattern, s.. a woman negligentof cleanliness, [write on. 
Slave, s. one subject to the absolute control of another. 
Slaver, •&. ?z. to emit spittle. 
Slaughter, s. destruction of life. 
Slay, v. e* to kril ; to commit slaughter. 
Sledge, s. a carriage without wheels. 
Sleek, a. smooth; glossy; in good case. 
Sleep, s. the state in which we remain insensible to out- 
Sleet, s. a sort of small snow. [ward objects. 
Sleeve, s. the covering of the arm. 
Sleight, s. artifice ; a trick. 
Slender, a. thin ; small. 
Slice, s. a portion smooth and thin. 
Slide, v. n. to pass without steps. 
Slight,.?, neglect; contempt. 
Slight, a. small • worthless j weak* 
Slim, a. slender.. 



SLI ' SNA 

Slime, s. any glutinous substance. ' [any thing. 

Slip, s. a false step ; a mistake ; a Ions:, narrow piece of 

Slipper, s. a morning shoe ; a shoe slipped on. 

Slippery, a. not affording firm footing. 

Siit, s. a long cut. 

Sloe, s. the fruit of the black thorn. 

Sloop, s. a small ship. * 

Slope, 5. a declivity ; an oblique direction 

Sloth, s. inactivity : laziness. 

Slouch, 5. a lazy, spiritless walk. 

Sloven, s. a man negligent of cleanliness. 

Slough, s. a deep miry place. 

Slow, a. not swift ; dull; inactive; tardy. 

Slug, s. a reptile that devours fruits and vegetables. 

Sluggard, s. one who rises late in a morning. 

Sluggish, a. inactive. 

Sluice, s. a vent for water. 

Slumber, s. light sleep. 

Slur, s. a slight disgrace. 

Slur, v. a. to perform imperfect^. 

Slut, s. a slattern. 

Sly, a, meanly artful. 

Small, a. little; slender; weak; trivial. 

Smart, s. quick lively pain. 

Smart, a. pungent; quick; witty; neat. 

Smatter, v. n. to have a slight superficial knowledge. 

Smear, v. a. to soil ; to daub. 

Smell, s. one of the senses ; perception by the nose ; 

the thing so perceive'd. 
Smelt, 5. a small sea fish. ' [pleasure. 

Smile, s. a slight contraction of the face, expressive of 
Smite, v. a. to strike. [works in metals. 

Smith, s. one who smites with a hammer ; one who 
Smoke, s. the light particles which ascend from any 

thing burning. 
Smoke, v. n. to emit smoke ; to use tobacco. 
Smooth, a. having an even surface ; level ; glossy ; 

. insinuating. 
Smother, v. a. to kill by intercepting the breath. 
Smug, a. neatly dressed. 

Smuggle, v. a. to import goods without paying the c!u- 
Smut, 5. mildew. [ties. 

Snack, s, a share : a part agreed on. 
Q3 



S N A SOD 

Snail, s. a reptile with a shell on his back, into which 
he retires at .pleasure. 

Snake, 5. a rep ile, 

Snap, v. a. to break at once ; to produce a sharp sound $ 
to attempt to bite ; to speak with ill humour. 

Snare, s. a gin ; a net ; a trap. 

Snarl, v. n, to growl like a cur. 

Snatch, v. a. to seize hastily. {and servility- 

Sneak, v. n. to creep slily ; to behave with meanness 

Sneer, 5. a contraction of the nostril expressive of con- 
tempt ; a taunt. 

Sneeze, s. action from the nose. 

Sniff, v. n. to draw breath audibly by the nose. 

Snip, 3;. a. to cut at once with scissars. 

Snipe, s. a bird. 

Snivel, v. n. to cry feebly as children. 

Snore, v. n. to breathe hard through the nose in sleep. 

^Snort, v. n. to blow through the nose as a high-mettled 

►Snout, s. the nose of a beast. [horse. 

Snow, s. rain congealed before it falls, by the winter's 

Snow'drop, s. an early flower. fcold. 

Snub, v. a. to check; to reprimand coarsely and con- 
temptuously., [candle. 

Snuff, «. powder of tobacco.; the burned wick of a 

Snuff, v. a. to draw in air by the nose. 

Snuffers, s. an utensil to cut off the snuff of a candle. 

Suutrle, v, n. to breathe hard through the nose. 

Snug, «. close; private. 

So, ad. in like manner; thus. 

Soak, v. a. to steep in moisture. 

Soap, 5. a substance used in washing. 

Soar, v- n. to fly aloft. 

Sob, s. a convulsive motion of the breath in sorrow. 

Sober, a. temperate ; cairn. 

Sobriety,, s. temperance ; gravity. 

Social, a. belonging to society; familiar ; kind. 

Society, 5. numbers united in one interest ; a fraternity; 
a company. 

Sock, s. a covering for the foot, usually woollen. 

Socket, $. the hollow part of a thing to which another 

Sod, s. a turf; a clod. [thing is fitted, 

Sofa, s, an easy seat for several persons. 

SodJea, a. penetrated with moisture. 



SOD SOP 

Soder,, s. a metallic cement. 

Soft, a. yielding easily when pressed ; gentle ; sweet. 

Soil, s. land ; dung-; compost; discolouration. 

Sojourn, v. n. to dwell for an interval. 

Solace, s. comfort; pleasure. 

Solar, a. belonging to the sun, 

S6lda», s. a suitaa. 

Solder, 5. a metal ii£ cement. 

Soldier, s. a warrior. 

Sole, s. the bottom of the foot or shoe. 

Sole, a. there being no other. 

Solemn, a. grave; with deep seriousness. 

Solemnity., s. gravity; an occasional ceremony. 

Solemnize, v. a.~ to perform a solemnity,, 

Solicit, v. a. to excite; to intreat. 

Solicitor, s. an attorney. 

Solicitous, a. anxious. 

Solid, s. that which has length, breadth and thickness. 

i^olid, a. Bot liquid; firm; sound; true; sober. 

Solidity, & denseuess; sobriety. 

Soliloquy, s. a speech made by one in solitude to hirn- 

S5iitarv, a. alone; retired. [self. 

Solitude, *, a lonely life or place. 

Solve, v. Ji. to clear up ; to explain, [parts ; able to pay. 

Solvent, a. having the power to cause dissolution of 

Solution, s. separation of parts ; explanation. 

Some, a, uncertain quantity or number. 

Somebody, s. a person uncertain. 

Something, ? . . 

Somewhat, J* * thing uncertain. 

Son, s. a male child ; a man, considered in relation to 

his parents. 
Song, s. a short poem written for the voice ; music. f 
Songster, s. a. singer; a singing bird. 
Sonnet, s. a small poem. 

Sonorous, ii. giving a loud or shrill sound; magnificent 
Soon, ad before long; early; willingly. [of sound; 

Soot, 5. condensed or embodied smoke. 
Sooth, 5. truth. 

Soothe, v. a, to flatter ; to please ; to calm. 
Soothsay, v. n. to foretel. 
S _>p, £. bread steeped in liquor. 
S^phi, s. the emperor of Persia. 



SOP SPE 

Sophist, 5. a pretender in philosophy; one who reasons 

with fallacious acuteness. 
Sophisticate, v. a. to spoil by a corrupt mixture or 
Soporific, a. causing sleep. [addition. 

Sorcery, 5. magic ; intercourse with evil spirits. 
Sordid, &. foul; base; covetous. 

Sore, 5. a part of the body diseased, where the skin is 
Sorrel, 5, a plant. [gone. 

Sorrow, s. grief; pain ; sadness. 
Sorry, a. grieved ; vile. 
Sort, s. a kind ; a species. 
Sort', v. a. to divide into sorts. 
Sot, s. a blockhead ; onestupified with drinking. 
Sottish, a. ignorant; continually drinking. 
Sovereign, s. a supreme lord. 
Soul, s. the intellectual part of a man. 
Sound, s. a noise; a shallow sea. 
Sound, a. healthy ; whole ; stout. 
Sound, y. a. to try the depth of water with a line. 
Soup, s. the liquor of meat long boiled. 
Sour, a. acid ; peevish ; morose. 
Source, s. spring; head; origin. 
South, a. the pole opposite to the north. 
Sow, 5. a female pig. 

Sow, v. a. to scatter seed for the purpose of a crop. 
Space, s. extension of place ; quantity of time. 
Spacious, a. wide; roomy. 
Spade, s. an instrument to dig the earth with. 
Span, s. the space from the end of the thumb to that of 

the middle finger extended; nine inches. 
Spangle, s. a small plate of shining metal. 
Spaniel, s. a dog for sport.. 
Spar, s. a mineral. 

Spar, v. n. to engage in mock contention. 
Spare, a. scan y; superfluous; lean. 
Spare, v. a. tc do without; to allow; to forgive. 
Spark,, s. a particle of fire ; a gay young fellow. 
Sparkle, v. n. to emit sparks ; to glitter. 
Sparrow, s. a bird. 
Spatter, v. a. to sprinkle with dirt. 
Spawn, s. the eggs of fish. 

Speak, v. n. to utter articulate sounds 3 to harangue. 
Spear, $< a long pointed weapon. 



S P E S :P I 

Special, a. particular. 

Specie, s. circulating money* 

Species, s. a sort.; a class of -nature. 

Specific, s. a remedy adapted to one disease. 

Specific, a. belonging: to a species. 

Specify, v. a. to mention.; to note by some distinction. 

Specimen, s. a sample; part of a thing exhibited that 

■Specious, a. showy ; plausible, [the rest may be known. 

Speck, 5. a small spot. 

Speckle, v. a. to mark with small spots. 

Spectacle, s. a gazing-stock; any thing that maybe 

Spectacles, s. pi. glasses to assist the sight. [seen. 

Spectator, s. a looker-on. 

Spectre, s. the appearance of a dead person. 

Speculate, v. n, to meditate ; to contemplate. 

Speculation, s. a scheme not reduced to practice. 

Speech, s. articulate utterance; a harangue. 

Speed, s. quickness ; celerity. 

Spell, s. a charm; something by which evil spirits are 

supposed to be commanded. 
Spell, r. a. to form words of Jetters. 
Spend, v. a. to consume ; to waste. 
Spendthrift,.^ a prodigal. 
Sphere, s. a globe. 

Spice, & a flagrant vegetable, as mace, cloves, nut- 
Spider, s. a well-known insect. [meg, &c. 
Spigot, s, a stopper for a tap. 
Spike, s. an ear of corn; a long nail. 
Spike,%. a. to fasten with nails ; to render cannon use- 
Spikenard, s. a spice. [less. 
Spill, v. a. to waste; to shed. 
Spin, .u. c. to draw out into threads; to stream in a 

small current; to play with a top, or tetotum. 
Spinach, s. a plant. 
Spindle, s; a pin to form thread. 
Spine, s. the back-bone. 
5pinnet, s. a small harpsichord. 
Spinster, s. in law, an unmarried woman.' 
Spiral, a. in the .form of a .curve ; winding. 
Spire, $. a curve ; an obelisk on the top of a steeple; a 

blade of grass. 
Spirit,*, breath; soul; veil emence. of mind ; a ghost; 
Spirited, a. vehement of mind. [a supernatural being. 



SPI SPR 

Spiritual, cu incorporeal. 

Spiritualize* v. a. to allegorize. 

Spirituous, a. the quality of strong liquors. 

Spirt, v. a. to send out a quick stream. 

Spirt, s. a short fit of activity. 

Spit, s. an utensil to roast meat on. 

Spit. w. to, to throw spittle out of the mouth. 

Spite, 5. malice; rancour; hate. 

Spittle, s. the moisture of the mouth. 

Splash, v. a. to daub with dirt. 

Spleen, 5, one of the bowels ; ill-humour ; melancholy ; 

Splendid, a. showy; magnificent. [vapours. 

Splenetic, a. fretful. [lence. 

Sp- inter, s. a fragment of any thing broken wiih vio- 

Split, v. a. to cleave; to rive; to divide in two 

lengthwise. 
Spoil, v. a. to rob ; to mar ; to make useless. 
Spoil, s. plunder. 

Spokesman, s. one who speaks for another. 
Sponge, s. a soft substance that sucks up water. 
Sponsor, s. one who answers for another ; a godfather 
or godmother. 

Spontaneous, a. voluntary ; without being forced. 

Spoon, 5. an utensil used in eating liquids. 

Sport, s. play; diversion ; bunting, shooting, &c. 

Sportsman, s. one who loves hunting or shooting. 

Spot, s. a variation of colour; a blot; a stain; disgrace. 

Spouse; s. one joined in marriage ; a husband or wife. 

Spout, s. a pipe out of which something is poured ; a 
cataract from the clouds. 

Sprain, s, the over-straining of a limb, producing lame- 
Sprat, s. a small fish. ' [ness. 

Sprawl, "v. n. to have the limbs stretched on the ground. 

Spray-, s. a sprig or bough ; the foam of the sea. 

Spread, v. a. to extend ; to publish. 

Sprig, s. a small branch ; a twig. 

Spright, s. an apparition. 

Sprightly, a. gay; brisk. 

Spring, s. a season of the year; elastic force ; fountain; 

Springe, s. agin; a noose. [source; leap. 

Sprinkle, v. a. to wet, with drops of liquor; to scatter 
in small quantities. 

Sprite, 5. a spirit. 



SPR S T A 

Sprout, s. a shoot of a vegetable. 
Spruce, s. a species of fir. 
Spruce, a. nice ; trim ; affectedly neat. 
Spur, 5. a sharp point fixed to a horseman's heel; in- 
Spurious, a. counterfeit. [cilement. 
Spurn, i?. a. to kick ; to scorn. 
Sputter, v. n. to send out small flying drops. 
Spy, s. on? who watches another's actions ; the secret 
Spy, v. a. to discover. [emissary of a despot. 
Spyglass, s. a telescope. 
Squabble, s. a low brawl. 
Squalid, a. foul ; dirty. 
Sqaal), s. a sudden wind. 
Squall, v. n. to scream. 
Squander, v. a. to spend profusely. 
Square, s. a figure with four equal sides and angles; an 

open place in a city. 
Squat, a. sitting close to the ground. 
Squeak, s. a shrill cry ; the voice of a pig. 
Squeamish, a. nice; easily disgusted. 

Squeeze, s. a pressure. 

Squill, s. a plant. 

Squib, s. a small pipe of paper filled with wild lire. 

Squint, s. looking obliquely ; a defect in the direction 

Squirrel, s, a small active animal, [of the eyes. 

Squirt, s. an instrument by which a quick stream is 

Stab, s. a wound with a pointed weapon, [spirted. 

Stable, s. a house for beasts. 

Stable, a. fixed ; steady ; firm. 

Stack, 5. a large pile of hay, corn, or wood; a number 

Staff, s. a stick ; an ensign of office. [of chimneys. 

Stag, 5. the male red deer. 

Stage, s. the scaffolding on which plays are performed ; 

Stagger, v. a. to reel; to hesitate, [a rest on a journey. 

Stagnant, a. still ; motionless. 

Stagnate, v. n. to have no course or stream. 

Stain, s. a dye ; a blot ; a discoloration. 

Stair, s. a step to ascend from the lower part of the 
building to the upper. 

Stake, s, a post; a wager; a pledge. 

Stale, a. long kept; spiritless from time. 

Stalk, s. the trunk, or stem, on which fruits and flowers 

Stalk, v, n, to walk formally and slow. \gtei*. 



ST A S T E 

Stall, s. the standing for a horse or ox; a booth in m 

Stammer, v. 71. to hesitate in speaking. [fair... 

Stamp, s. an instrument to make an impression ; tfie 

impression made. 

Stamp, v. a. to strike with the foot ; to impress a mark.. 

Stanch, a. sound ; firm ; trusty. 

Standi, v. ft. to stop blood. 

Stand, s. a station ; a post ; a stop. 

Stand, v- n- to be on the feet ; to stop. 

Standard, s. an ensign in war ; a fixed weight or measure. 

Standish, s. a stand for pen and ink. 

Star, s. a luminous body in the heavens. 

Starch, s. a substance used for stiffening linen. 

Stare, %>. n> to look with wonder, or with rudeness.. 

Stark, ad. completely. 

Starling, s. a bird. 

Start, s. a quick motion of terror ; advantage,. 

Startle, v. n. to change ptaee from terror. 

Starve, v. n, to perish with hunger. 

State, s. condition; grandeur j a nation and its rulers.. 

State, v. a. to explain ; to settle ; to regulate. 

Station, s. rank ; situation ; post assigned. 

Stationer, s. a seller of paper. 

Statuary, s. a sculptor ; the art of making statues. 

Statue, s. an image ; the solid representation of a living 

Stature, s. the height of any animal. [being. 

Statute, s. a law. 

Stave, v. a. to break in pieces, as a barrel. 

Stay, s. a continuance ; a stop. 

Stays, s. an article of a woman's appareK 

Stead, s. room; place. 

Steadfast, } c . . 

q * . 7 > «. firm; constants 

Steak, 5. a slice of flesh, 

Stea', v. a. to take away secretly the property of an- 

Stealth, s. slyness; secrecy. [other. 

Steam, s. the vapour of hot liquor. 

Steed, s. a horse for state or war. 

Steel, s. iron refined. 

Steer, s. a young bull. 

Steer, v. a. to guide a ship. 

Steep, s. a descent approaching to perpendicular 

Steep, «• a, to soak. 



S T E STO 

Steeple, s. the turret of a-church. 

Stem, s. a stalk ; the prow or fore-part of a ship. 

Stem, v. a. to oppose a current. 

Step, i, a footstep; gait ; round of a ladder. 

SteVde, a. barren; unfruitful. 

Stirling-, a. genuine, particularly as applied to money. 

Stein, s. the hind part of a ship where the rudder \£ 

Stern, a? severe in look or manners* [placed. 

S.ew'ard, s. one who manages the affairs of anoiher. 

Stick, 5. a piece of wo -d small and long. 

Stick, v. a. and n. to fasten on; to adhere; to be stopped. 

Stickle, v. n. to contend obstinately. 

Stiff, a. stubborn; formal. 

Side, v. a. to suffjeate ; to suppress. 

Stigma, 5. a mark of disgrace. 

Stigmaiize, v. a. to mark with disgrace. 

Stile, s. steps in o a field. 

Sjll, s. a vessel fbr distillation.' 

Still, a. silent; without motion. 

Stilts, s. supports in walking used by boys. 

Stimulate, v. a* to excite; tospuron. 

Sting, 5. an animal's weapon borne in the faiL 

Stint, v. a. to limit; to restrain. 

Stipend, s. settled pa'y. 

Stipulate, v. a. to make conditions; 

Stir, v. a. to move; to incite. 

Stirrup, s. part of a saddle. [thing. 

Stitch, 5. the pass of a needle and thread through any 

S:ock, s. linen for the neck ; lineage ; a fund of money; 

a store of goods. 
Stocking, $. the cowrlng of the leg. 
Stocks, s. a prison f »r the \e-zs. 

Stomach, s. the beilv; the seat of digestion. [fruits- 

Stone, 5. a hard substance formed in the earth, and in 
Stop. s. a pause or sand; an obstacle; a point in. 

wrrting. 
Stopple, s. what stops the mouth of a decanter. 
Store, v*. goods acen nuiated. 
Storm, s. p> tempest; a^wault ( > L " a fortress; 
Story, s. a history ; a tale; one floor Of a house* 
Stove, s. a place to make fire in. 
Slout, a. large j muscular strong; valiant, 



STO 



STK 



Stow, v. &. to lay up ; to put away for use. 

Straddle, v. n. to open wide the legs. 

Straggle, v. n. to wander. 

Straight, a. in one direction; not crooked. 

Straightways, ad. immediately. 

Strain, s. a song. 

Strain, v. a. to pour through something; to stretch. 

Strait, 5. a narrow pass. 

Strait, a. narrow ; close ; strict. 

Strand, &. the verge of the sea or of any water. 

Strand, v. a. to drive or force a ship upon the shallows. 

Strange, a. uncommon ; unknown* 

Strangle, v. a. to kill by intercepting the breath. 

Strap, s. a strip of leather.. 

Stratagem, 3. an artifice; a deception. 

Straw, ^. the stalk on which the corn glows'.* 

Straw'berry, s. a fruit. 

Stray, v. n. to wander; to lose one's way. 

Streak, s. a line of colour j. a stripe. 

Stream, s. a running water; a liquid that flow*. 

Streamer, s. an ensign. 

Street, $. a way between two rows of houses*, 

Strength, & force; vigour. 

Strenuous, a. brave; active; zealous. 

Stress, s. importance ; force. 

Stretch, s. extension; occupation of plac«; 

Strew, v. a. to spread by scattering. 

Strict, a. exact ; severe ; close. 

Stride, v. n. to open wide the legs. 

Strife, s, contention ; contest. 

Strike, v. a. to hit with a blow. 

Striking, a. affecting. 

String, s, a slender rope. 

Strip, 5. a long narrow shred. 

Strip, v. a. to make naked. 

Stripe, *. a line of colour; a blow; a lash, 

Stripling, s. a youth. 

Strive, v* n. to contend ; to endeavour. 

Stroke, s. a blow. 

Stroke, o. a. to rub gently in one direction.'- 

Stroll, v, n. to wander. 

Strong, a. vigorous; robust* 



STR SUB 

Structure, ^. an edifice. 

Struggle, 5. labour ; effort. 

Strut, v. n. to walk affectedly. 

Stubble, s. the stalks of corn left in the field by the 

Stubborn, a. strongly resisting; obstinate. [reaper. 

Stucco, s. fine plaster for walls. 

Stud, 5. a button for a Shirt sleeve ; a breed of horses. 

Study, 5. application to books ; deep thought*; an apart - 

Stuff, 5. furniture ; cioth. [ment for study. 

Stuff, v. n. to fill out. 

Stumble, v. n. to trip in walking. 

Stump, s. the remaining part of a joint or tree. 

Stun, 0. a. to make senseless or dizzy. 

Stunt, v, a. to hinder i^m growth. 

Stupendous, a. vonderful ; amazing; astonishing. 

Stupid, a. dull; heavy. 

Stupour, s. a deprivation of sense. 

Sturdy, a. hardy ; of a rough temper. 

Sturgeon, *, a sea fish. 

Stutter, v. n. to shammer. 

Sty, s. a cabin to keep ho^s in. 

Style, ^. a form of expression, peculiar to one man, or 
one sort of composition. 

Style, v. a. to name. 

Subdue, v. a. fro conquer. 

Subject, ^. one wbo lives under the dominion of anoftier ;• 
the matter treated of. 

Subjoin, v. a. to add at the end. 

Subjugate, v. a. to conquer. 

Subjunctive, *. the form of a verb, parenthetical or sub- 
joined to something else. 

Sublime, a. high in place; magnificent in fancy, con- 
ception, or language. 

Sublunary, eu relating to this world; under the moon. 

Submissive, a. obedient ; humble. 

Submit, v. n. to be subject. 

Subordinate, a. inferior in order. 

Suoorn, v. a. to procure evidence by false means. 

Subscribe, v. a. to attest ; to consent to by underwriting 
the name; to contribute money with others. 

Subsequent, a. following in train or order. 

Subservient, a. subject; submissive. 
K $ 



SUB 



SUL 



Subside, u. n. to abate ; to sink. 

Subsist, v. n. to be maintained. 

Substance, s. being; essential part; body; wealth ; 

Substantial, c. real; solid. [means of life. 

Substantiate, v. a. to make out in evidence. 

Substantive, s. a noun. 

Substitute, f, one acting for another. 

Subterfuge, 5. a shift; an evasion ; a trick. 

Subterraneous, a. lying under the earth. 

Subtile, a. thin; delicate; piercing. 

Subtle, a. sly ; artful ; cunning. 

Subtract, v. a. to take away a part from the whole. 

Subvert, v. a. to overturn. 

Suburb, 5. the outparts of a city. 

Succeed, v. a. and n. to fullow in order ; to prosper. 

Success, s. prosperity. 

Successor, 5. one who succeeds to another. 

Succinct, a. girded tip ; concise. 

Succour, s. aid ; assistance. 

Such, pron. of that kind. [attract with moisture. 

Suck, v. a. to draw in with the mouth; to imbibe; to 

Sucker, s. part of a pump ; a young twig shooting froj 
the stock. 

Suckle, v. a. to nurse at the breast. 

Suckling, 5. a child at. the breast. 

S'^^on. s. the act of sucking. 

SflRen, a. happening without notice. 

Sue, v. a. and n. to prosecute by law ; 

Suet, s. coarse sm\ hard fat. 

Sutler, v. a. to bear ; to endure; to allow. 

Suffice, v. n. to be enough. 

SatTocate, v. a. to kill by intercepting the breath. 

Suffrage, 5. a vote. 

Suffuse, v. a. to spread over as with a tincture. 

Suear, s. the iuice of the sugar cape changed into pow- 

Suages%<>. a/tohint. [der or solid* 

Suicide, s, self-destruct on. 

Suit, 5. a set; petition; courtship. 

Suit, v. a. to fit. 

«M? y ' I*- gloomv; morose; obsticate. 

Sullen, ^ & 

^uiiy, v. a, to soil; to spot. 



to beg earnestly. 



S U L SUP 

Sultan, s. an eastern emperor. 

Sultana, s. the queen uf an eastern emperor. 

Sultry, a. hot and close. 

Sum, s. the whole of anv thing ; quantity of money. 

Summary, s. a compendium. 

Summary, a. short ; brief. 

Summer, s. the second season. 

Summerset, s. a leap, heels over heacL 

Summit, s. the utm >st height. 

Summon, v. a. to call with authority. 

Summons, s. a call of authority. 

Sumptuary, a. -regulating the costs of life. 

Sumptuous, a. costly. 

Sun, s. the luminary of the day. 

Sunday,*, the Christian sabbath. 

Sunder, t*. a, to part. 

Sundry, 5. several ; many* 

Sunflower, s. a plant. 

Sup, v. n. to eat the evening meal. 

Superb, a. grand j pompous. "*>** 

Supercargo, s. an otficej to manage the trade of a ship. 

Supercilious, a. haughty. 

Supererogation; -c. a doing more than duty. 

Superficial, allying on the surface 5 shallow. 

Superfluous, a. ,poYe than enough. tt| 

Superintend, vja, to cy^rseefc 

Superior, c. higher.; gre^te^y] dignity or excellence. 

Superlative, a. the highest degree. 

Supernatural, a. above nature. 

Supernumerary, a. above tHe stated number. 

Superscription, s. a writing on the top or the outside. 

Supersede, v. a. to set aside. 

Superstition, s. religions panic ; a preference of the 

forms of religion to its duties. 
Superstructure, s. what i^. buipen something else. 
Supervise, 0. &. to oversee; 

Supine, a. lying with the face upward; indolent ; care- 
Supper, 5. the evening repast. [less,. 
Supplant, v. a. to displace by craft. 
Supple, «. pliant, flexible. 
Supplement, s. an addition to supply defects. 
Suppliant, 1 

Supplicant, J* »!«*»*«>"«•■ 
R 3 



SUP SWA 

Supplicate, v. n to implore. 

Supply', s - relief ki vant ; .parliamentary revenue. 

Support, s.' a prop; maintenance; a supply. 

Suppose, v. a. to lay down without proof. 

Supposititious, a. not genuine. 

Suppress, v. a. to cms). ; to overpower; to conceal. 

Supreme, a. highest in authority. 

Sure, «. certain; confident; firm. 

Surety, $. certainty; security against loss; a bondsman,, 

Surface, s. i he outside; tne upper side. 

Surfeit, s. sickness from o\er- eating. 

Surge, s. a swelling sea. 

Surgeon, s. one skilled in surgery. 

Surgery, s. the act of curing by manual operation. 
(Surly, a. gloomy ; morose. 
Surmise, s. an imperfect notion. 
Surmount, v. a to overcome. 
Surname, s. a family uame. 
Surpass, v. a to rxcel. 

Surplice, s. a mini tee's white garment. [pleted. 

Surplus, s. what remains when the object has been cam : 
Surprise, 5. the state of being taken unawares; astonish- 
Surrender, s. a yielding, fluent. 

Surreptitious, a. dene f>v stealth; gotten fraudulently. 
S u « rou ndyV. a. to en \ i 1 o n. 

&*{mey\ s. a view; mensuration; superintendence. 
Survive, v. a- to live after; to outlive another. 
Susceptible, a. capable of admitting; open to impression. 
Suspect, h. a. to imagine guilty without proof; to hold 
uncertain; to imagine with a degree of fear and jea- 
lousy what is not known. 
Suspend, v- a. to hang; to put off; to delay. 
Suspense* s . uncertainty. (from an office. 

Suspension, s. a ceasing for a time; the being suspended 
Suspicious, a, inclined to suspect; liable to be suspected. 
Sustain, v. a. to bear ; to support. 
Sustenance, s. nutriment. 

Sutler, s. a man who sells provisions in a camp. 
Swaddle, v. a. to bind with linen, generally used of new- 
Swagger, v. n. to strut ; to bluster. [bom children 

Swain, 5. a pastoral youth. 
Swallow, s. a bird. 
Swallow, u. a. to take down the throat. 



SWA SYS 

B^mp, s. a rrjarsh ; a fen. . 

S«an, a', a large water-fowl. 

S M ui kin s. a kind of soft flannel, imitating the down 

Swarm, s a ma'tit de, particularly of bees, [ofaswan. 

S'aithy,a dnskv ; tawny* 

S ash, v n. to make a great clatter or noise. 

Swathe, v. a. to bind with swaddling? clothes. 

Sway, v. a. to wield ; to govern. fguage. 

S tear, v. a. to dec-are upon oath; to rise profane Ian- 

Sweat, $. the moisture produced on the body by violent 

exercise. 
Seep, v. a. to clean with a broom or brush. 
Sweet, a. pleasing to the taste, smell, ear 3 or eye ; mild, 
SWeetbrta'r, s. a fragrant shrub. 
Swtetm at, s. fruits preserved with sugar. 

Sw etwiliiam, 5. a plant. fe 

S veil, v. n. to grow bigger. *"' 

Swerve, v. ??. to wander from the right direction, 
Switt, a. quick; fleet; speedy. 
S vim, v. n. to float on the water. 
Swine 1 , 5. a hog; a pier ; a sowr. 
Swineherd, 5. a keeper of hogs. 
Swinti v. a. to wave loosely in the air. 
Swi eh, s. a twig. 
Swivel, s. a portion of mechanism that turns round in or 

upon another portion which is immoveable. 
Swoon, s. a fainting lit. 
Sword, s. a weapon. 
Sv'eamore, s. a tree. 
Sy'cophant, s. a flatterer; a tale-bearer. 
Sy'llable s. an articulation made by one impulse of the 
Sylph, s. a fairy nymph. [breath, 

Sv'ivan, 5. a wood god ; a satyr; — a. belonging to woods, 
Symmetry, 5. proportion. 

Sy'mpathy. s. a feeling of the joys and sorrows of an- 
Sy'mphony, s. harmony of mingled sounds. [other, 

Sy'mptom, s. a sign ; a token of sieVness or recovery. 
Sy'oagogue, 5. au assembly of the Jews to worship. 
Synonymous, a. of the same s gnifjeation. 
Sy'ntax, s. :bat part of grammar which teaches the 

construction of words in a sentence. 
Sy'ringe, 5. a squirt. . 
Sy'stexn, 5, a scheme ; a theory ; a method* 



TAB TAP 

T. 

tfnrWBBY, s. a kind of silk with a wavy colour. 
JL Tabernacle, s. a tent; a place of worship. 

Table, s. a flat surface supported with feet, for house- 
hold uses ; a slab. 

Tablet, s. a small level surface; a pocket-book. 

Tabour, §. a drum beaten with one stick to accompany 
a pi pe. 

Tacit, a. silent; implied; not expressed by words* 

Taciturnity, s. habitual silence. 

Tack, s. a small nail; the change of a ship's course, 

Tackle, s. the ropes of a ship. 

Taffeta, #. a thin silk. 

Tag, s, a point of metal at the end of a lace. 

Tail, *, that which hangs from the end of the spine of* 
quadruped,; the feathers at the end of the spine of 
a bird. 

Tailor, 5. one whose business is to make clothes. 

Taint, v. -a. to infect. 

Take, v. a. to receive; to seize:; to lay hold on. 

Tale, s. a narrative; a story. 

Talent, $. a certain weight or sum; faculty; power £ 

Talisman, s.. a magical character. [gift of nature. 

Talk, s. conversation .; familiar speech. 

Tall, a. high in stature. 

Tallow, s. the fat of an animal. 

Tally, 5. one ; of <two sticks, equally notched and cor- 
responding with each other. 

Talon, 4. the<cla w of a bird of prey. 

Tamarind, ■$. a tree and its fruit. 

Tame, a. not wild ; subdued* 

Tamper, v..n. to undertake to corrupt or deprave. 

Tan, v. a, to impregnate leather with bark. 

Tangible, a, perceptible by the touch* 

Tangle, v. a, to embroil. 

Tankard, s. a vessel with a cover, fpr strong drink. 

Tansy, s. a plant. 

Tantalize, v. a. to tease with false hopes. 

Tantamount, a. equal to. 

Tap, 5. a gentle blow ; a pipe to draw off liquor* 

Tape, 5. a narrow fillet or hawL 



TAP TEM 

Taper, s. a wax candle. 

Taper, a. sloping- to a point 

Tapestry, s. cloth woven to resemble a picture. 

Tapster, s. one who taps or draws drink. 

Tar, s. the juice of pines ; a sailor. 

Tardy, a. slow ; dilatory ; late. 

Tare, s. a weed. 

Target s. a shield. 

Tarnish, v. a. to sully; to soil. 

Tarry, v. n. to stay. 

Tart, s. a small fruit pie. 

Tartar, s. a native of Tartary ; the lees of wine. 

Task, 5- an employment ; business imposed. 

Tassel, s. an ornamental bunch of silk, cr glittering 

substances. 
Taste, s. the sense by which liking ordislikinsr whatwetake 

into the month is perceived; intellectual discernment, 
Tatter, s. a fluttering rag. 
Tattle, i\ n. to talk idly. 

Tavern, 5. a house where wine is sold by retail. 
Taunt, s. scoff; insult; ridicule. 

Tautology, 5. a repetition of the same sense in different 
Tawdry, a. daring; sh-wy without cost. [words. 

Tax, s. an impost ; a tribute. 
Tax, v. a. to lay a tax ; to censure; to accuse. 
Tea, 5. a Chinese plant. 
Teach, v. a. to instruct; to inform. 
Teal, 5. a »ild fowl. 

Team, s. the horses of a farmer's w r aggon. 
Tear, s. a drop of water from the eye. 
Tear, v. a. to pull in pieces. 

Tease, v. a. to put out of humour by importunity. 
Techy, a. peevish; easily made angry. 
Tedi »us, a. slow ; dilatory. 
Teens, s. pi. the years between 12 and 20. 
Teeth, the pi. of Tooth. 
Telescope, s- a glass for distant view. 
Tell. v. a. to utter; to inform; to count. 
Temerity, 5. unreasonable contempt of danger. 
Temper, s. middle course ; disposition of mind ; calm- 
lem. eiate, a. moderate of appetite and passion, [ness. 
Tempest, s. a violent wind; a storm. 
Temple^ s. a house in which God was worshipped by the 



TEM T H A 

Jews,or in which the Pagans worshipped their deities; 

the side of the head. 
Temporary, a. lasting for a limited time. 
Tempt, v. a. to solicit to ill. 
Tenacious, a, holding fast an opinion or privilege. 
Tenant, £. one that rents of another. 
Tend, i>. a. to watch; to guard ; — n. to move towards. 
Tender, s. a proposal for acceptance 
Tender, a. soft ; easily pained. 
Tendon, s. a sinew. 
Tendril, 5. the clasp of a vine. 
Tenement, s. a house let to hire. 
Tennis, 5. a play with a ball. 
Tenour, s. a sound in music ; purport. 
Tense, 5. a term in grammar,. 
Tense, a. stretched; stiff. 
Tenseness, s. extension. 

Tent, s. a moveable military habitation-; a sort of wine. 
Tenure, s. the condition or manner in which a man en- 
Tepid, a. lukewarm; hottish. [joys an estate. 
Term, s. a limit; a boundary; name 5 condition; 
Termagant, s. a scolding woman. [space of time. 
Terminate, v- u> to conclude. 
Terrace,*, a small grassy hill ; airaised walk. 
Terrestrial, a. earthly. 
Terrible, -a. formidable; dreadful. 
Terrify, v. a. to affright. 
Territory, $. land ; -district. 
Terror, s. discomfiting fear. 
Terse, a. smooth; neat. 
Tertian, a. returning every third day. 
Test, s. a means of trial. 
Testament, s. a will ; the name of holy writ. 
Testator, *. one who leaves a will. 
Tester, $. a cover of a bed; a coin with a head stamped 
Testify, v. a. to witness. [on it ; sixpence. 
Testimonial, *. a certificate or attestation. 
Testimony, s. evidence. 
Testy, a. fretful ; peevish. 
Tetotum, 5. a plaything. 
Text, 5. a sentence of Scripture. 
Texture, s. a web. 
•*Than 3 ad. placed un comparison. 



THA THR 

Thane, *. an old title of honour. 

Thank, v- a. to acknowledge with gratitude* 

That, pron. for which ; who ; the thing present oe absent". 

Thatch, s. a straw covering of a house. 

Thaw, *. the dissolution of a frost. 

The, artide, denoting a particular thing. 

Theatre, s. a pteiy house. 

Theft, s~ the act of taking privately what belongs t#- 

Their, pron. pi. of them. [another, 

Theme, *. a subject of speech or writing. 

Themselves, pron. pi. their very, selves. 

Then, ad. at that time. 

Thence, ad. from that place* 

There, ad. in that place. 

Therefore, ad. for this reason. 

Thereonj aa\ on that. 

Thermometer, s. an instrument to measure the degreed 

These, pron. pk of this. [of heat and cold. 

Thick, a. substantial ; clumsy j gross ; muddy. 

Thicket, s> a close wood. 

Thickset, 5. fustian. 

Thief, s.. one who takes privily another's property. 

Thigh, Si the limb from the hip to the knee. 

Thimble, « a metal cap for the-finger. 

Thin, a. lean; slim; slender.. 

Thine, pron. relating to thee. 

Thing, $. whatever is ; any kind of matter. 

Think, v. a, to haver ideas ; to reason; to judge, 

Thirst, 5. an uneasy craving for drink. 

This, pron. that which is present.. 

Thistle, s. a prickly weed. 

Thither, ad. to that place.. 

Thong, *• a strap of leather.. 

Thorn, s. a prickly tree; one of the prickles, 

Thorough, a. complete. 

Thoroughfare, s. a passage through. 

Those, pron. pi. of that. 

Though, conj. although ; notwithstanding. 

Thought, 5. the act of thinking ; idea;, sentiment;. par* 

pose ; expectation ; care. 
Thrash, v. a. to beat corn ; to beat thoroughly- 
Thread, s. a small line or twist. 
Thready, a. to pass through with a thread. 



THR TIL 

Threadbare, a. worn out. 

Threat, s. a menace. 

Threshold, 5. entrance; the step of a gate or door. 

Thrice, ad. three times. 

Thrift, s. profit ; earn. 

Thriii. v. n. to shudder; to tingle. 

Thrive, v. n. to prosper. 

Throat, s. the forepart of the neck. 

Throb ; v. n, to heave; to palpitate* 

Throne, s. the seat of a king. 

Throng, s. a crowd. 

Throttle, v. a. to choak. 

Through, prep, from side to side. 

Throw, v. a. to fling ; to ca^t. 

Thrush, s. a singing bird. 

Thrust, s. the protrusion of a sword; an assault. 

Thumb, s the first finger of the hand. 

Thump, 5. a heavy blow. 

Thunder, s. a loud rumbling noise in the clouds, usually 
preceded by lightning. 

Thursday, 5. the fifth day of the week. 

Thus, ad. in this manner. 

Thwart, v. a. to cross; to vex. 
Thyme, s. a plant. 

Thyself, pron. recip. belong-ng to thee only. 
Tiara., 5. a dress for the head ; a diadem. 
Tick, s. a score; a sort of linen. 
Ticket, s. a token of right ; a card of admission. 
Tickle, s. a touch of the finger that makes children 
Tide, s. a flux and reflux ; a stream. [laugh. 

Tidings, s. pi. news ; intelligence. 
Tidy, a. neat. 

Tie, 5. a knot; a bond; an obligation. 
Tier, s. a row ; a rank. 
Tiffany, s. a very thin silk.. 
Tiger, s. a fierce beast. 
Tight, a. from tie, well tied or closed ; neat. 
Tile, s. burnt clay to cover houses with. 
TBI, s. a money-box. 
Till, conj. to the time or degree. 
Till, v. a. to cultivate theearth. 

Tilt, s. the temporary cover of a boat, cart,, or waggon * 
a military sport* 



TIL TOM 

Tilt, v. c to cover ; to place obliquely ; to fence. 
Timber, s. wood fit for building. 
Timbrel, s. a kind of musical instrument. 
Time, s. the measure of duration. 
Time, v. a. to suit with respect to time. 

2: imid ' l a. fearful. 
Timorous, ^ 

Tin, s. a metal. 

Tinder, s. rags singed by the fire. 

Tinge, v. a. to stain win some colour^lightly. 

Tingle, v. ??. to feel a sharp pain. 

Tinker, s. a mender of old brass. 

Tinkle, v. n. to clink ; to make a sharp noise. 

Tinsel, 5. foil"-; false lustre. 

Tint, s. a slight stair of eolour. 

Tiny, a. little; small ; puny. 

Tip, s. the top ; the end ; the point ; the extremity. 

Tippet, 5. a covering for a woman's neck. 

Tipple, v. n. to drink wantonly and idly. 

Tipsy, a. half drunk. 

Tiptoe, ad. on the end of the toe. 

Tire, v. a. to fatigue. 

Tissue, s. cloth interwoven with gold or silver. 

Tithe, 5. the tenth part ; the part assigned for the 

maintenance of the clergy. 
Title, s. a claim of right ; a name of honour; the first 

page of a book. 
Titter, s. a restrained laugh. 
Tittle, s. a small* particle ; a point. 
Titular, a. nominal ; without real authority. 
To, prep, noting motion tow ards. 
Toad, s. an amphibious animal. 
Toast, s. bread dried before the fire. 
Tobacco, s. a plant used for smoking and snuff. 
Together, ad. in company. 
Toil, v. n. to labour. 
Toilet, s. a dressing-table. 
Token, 5. a sign ; a mark ; evidence. 
Tolerate, v. a. to endure ; to permit. 
Toll, s. a tax ; money collected for the expenee of roads 
Toll, v. a. to ring a bell. [or bridges^ 

Tomb, s. a monument for the dead. 
Tombstone, s. a stone laid over the dead* 



TON TOW 

Ton, s. a weight of 20 hundred. 

Tone, s. note ; speech ; cant. 

Tongs, s. pi. one of the fire irons. 

Tongue, 5. the organ of speech ; language. 

Too, ad. over and above ; overmuch. 

Tool, s. an instrument; a hireling. 

Tooth, s. a bone with which we chew. 

Top, s. the highest part of a thing ; a boy's pfeythk^, 

Topaz, 5. a precious stone. 

Tope, v. n. to drink to excess. 

Topic, s. a general head of discourse. 

Topography, s. a description of particular places* 

Topple, v. n. to fall forward. 

Torch, s. a candle of flax. 

Torment, s. pain; misery. 

Torment, v. a. to put in pain* 

Torpid, a. numbed; inactive. 

Torpor, s. dullness of sensation. 

Torrent, k, a rapid stream. 

Torrid, a. parched ; burning. 

Tortoise, s. an animal covered with a hard ffoelL 

Torture, s. anguish ; agony. 

Toss, v. a. to fling; to agitate. 

Total, *. the amount of several numbers added to- 
gether; the whole. 

Totter, v. n. to shake, so as to be in danger of falling. 

Touch, s. the sense of feeling; a joining. 

Touch-hole, $. a hole in fire-arms, through which the 
spark is communicated to the powder. 

Touchstone, & a stone to try metals. 

Touchwood, 5. a ratten wood that soon takes firs. 

Tough, a. not brittle ; stlrf. 

Tour,*, a ramble ; a roving ; a journey. 

Tournament, s. a tilt; a militarj* sport. 

Tow, 5. flax or hemp dressed. 

Tow, v. a. to draw by a rope. 

Towards, prep, in a direction to. 

Tow'el, *. a cloth on which the hands are wiped* 

Tow'er, s. a high building ; a fortress. 

Tow'er, v. n. to eoar ; to mount- 
Town, s. a collection of houses with a market, 

Townhouse, «. a house for town business. 

Townsman, *•. one of the same 



TOY TRA 

Toy, s. a plaything. 
Trace, v. a. to follow ; to mark out. 
Trace, ) s. mark left by any thing passing ; course pur- 
Track, $ sued. 
Tract, 5. a region ; a treatise. 
Tractable, a. manageable. 
Trade, 5. traffic ; commerce. 

Tradition, s. an account of things long past delivered 
Traduce, v. a. to slander. [by verbal report. 

Traffic, s. commerce ; trade. 

Tragedy, s. a dramatic representation of a serious ac- 
Tragical, a. mournful. [tion. 

Trail, v. a. to draw along. 

Train, s. part of a gown which trails on the ground ; a 
Train, v. a. to educate ; t© breed. [series ; a retinue. 
Traitor, s. one who being trusted betrays 3 a conspira- 
tor against the state. 
Trample, v. a. to tread .under foot. 
Tranquil, a. peaceful. 

Transact, v. a. to manage an affair ; to deah 
Transcend, v. a, to surpass. 
Transcribe, .v. a. to copy- 

Transcript, s, a copy. 

Transfer, i>. a. to convey j to make ow from one to 

Transfigure, v. a. to transform. {another* 

Transfix, v. a. to pierce through. 

Transform, v. a. to change the shape, 

Transfuse, v. a. to pour out of one into another. 

Transgress, v. a. to pass beyond • to violate. 

Transient, a. soon past. 

Transition, ,9. a removal ; a change 5 a passing from 
one subject to another. 

Transitory, a. continued but a short time. 

Translate, v. a. to interpret into another language. 

Transmit, v. a. to send from one place to another. 

Transparent, a, clear; that may be seen through. 

Transpire, v. 11. to escape from secrecy to notice. 

Transplant, v. q. to remove and plant in a new place. 

Transport, s. rapture; ecstasy. 

Transport, v. a- to banish ; to agitate with passios. 

Transpose, v.'a. to change the order of things. 

Trap, s. a snare. 

Trapdoor, s* a dqor in a floor or roof. 
S3 



TRA TRI 

Trappings, 5. pi. ornaments. 

Trash, 5. dross ; dregs. 

Travail, s. labour ; toil. 

Travel, s. a journey. 

Tray, s. a hollow trough of wood. 

Treachery, s. perfidy. 

Tread, v to set the foot ; to trample. 

Treason, s. the act of a traitor. 

Treasure, $. wealth hoarded. 

Treat, v. a. and n. to negociate ; to discourse; tons* 

well or ill ; to give an entertainment. 
Treat, s. an entertainment given. 
Treatise, s. a discourse. 
Treatment, 5. usage. 
Treaty, s. a negociatiom 
Treble, s. a sharp tone. 
Treble, a. threefold. 

Tree, s. a sturdy plant rising to a considerable heigbi* 
Trellis, s. a lattice work. 
Tremble, v, n. to shake with fear; to quiver. 
Tremendous, a. dreadful. 
Tremour, 5. a state of trembling. 
Tremulous., a. fearful; quivering. . 
Trench, $. a ditch; a defence made by throwing tip 
Trencher, s. a wooden platter. [earth. 

Trepidation, s. the state of trembling and terror. 
Trespass, v. n. to transgress ; to enter another's ground 
Tresses, s. the curls ofthe hair. [unlawfully. 

Trial, s. test; examination. 
Triangle, s. a figure of three angles. 
Tribe, s. a certain race of people. 
Tribulation, s. vexation; sorrow. 
Tribunal, 5. the seat of a judge. 
Tribune, s. a Roman officer. 

Tribute, s, payment made in acknowledgment of sub- 
Trice, s. a short time; an instant. [jection. 
Trick, s, an artifice; a juggle; a fraud. 
Trickle, v. n. to fall in drops ; to form a slender stream. 
Triennial, a. lasting three years. 
Trifle, 5. a thing of no moment. 

Trigger, 5. the catch which being pulled causes the gun 
Trim, a. nice; dressed up. [to go oft 

Trimming, s. lace, &c. on clothes. 



T R I TUG 

Trinity, s. the mystery of the Christian Godhead, 

Trinket, 5. a toy ; female ornament. 

Trip, 5. a stumble; a mistake. 

Triple, $. threefold ; treble. 

Triplet, s. three verses rhyming together. 

Trisyllable, g. a word consisting of three syllables. 

Trite, a. worn out ; stale. 

Trivial, a. worthless; inconsiderable. 

Triumph, s. joy for success. 

Troop, s. a body of soldiers. 

Trophy, s. something taken in war, and displayed m 

Trot, s. a pace of a horse. [triumph, 

Trouble, s. disturbance; affliction. 

Trough, s, any thing hollowed; a fixed machine for 

horses, pips, &c. to drink from, 
Trousers, s. a sailor's pantaloons. 
Trout, s. a fish. 

Trow, v. n. to think ; to conceive. 
Trow'el, s. a tool used by bricklayers. 
Truant, 5. a pupil who wilfully keeps away from school. 
Truce, 5. a temporary peace. 
Truck, s. an exchange. 
Truckle, v. n. to yield abjectly. 
Trudge, v. n. to get on steadily and slowly. 
True, a. not false ; known ; agreeing with fact, 
Trumpery, s. worthless trifles. 
Trumpet, s. an instrument of martial music. 
Truncheon, s. a staff of command. 
Trundle, v. n. to roll along; to twirl. 
Trunk, s. the body of any thing; a sort of chest; th$ 

weapon of an elephant. 
Truss, s. a bundle; a bandage. 

Trust, s. confidence; reliance; credit. [estate, 

Trustee, s- one intrusted with the management of an 
Truth, s. a proposition which states things as they are £ 

honesty ; reality; veracity. 
Try, v. a. to examine. 
Tub, 5. a round vessel of wood. 
Tucker, s. an article of a woman's dress, 
Tuesday, s. the third day of the week, 
Tuft, 5. a cluster of grass or hair. 
Tug, *?. a. to pull along. 

S3 i 



TUI T W I 

Tuition, s. instruction j education. 
Tulip, s. a Bower. 
Tumble, s. a fall. 
Tumult, s. a riot ; a bustle. 
Tun, s. a cask of fwo pipes. 
Tune, s. harmony ; an air. 
Tune, v. a. to put into a musical tune. 
Tunic, s. a child's upper garment. 
Turban, s. the cover worn by Turks on their heads* 
Turbot, s. a delicate fish. 
Turbulent, a. violent j mindy. 
Turf, 5. a clod covered with grass. 
Turmoil, s. trouble ; disturbance. 
Turn, v. a. to change direction ; to transform. 
Turner, 5. one whose trade it is to turn with a lathe. 
Turnip, $. a root used for food. 

Turnpike, 5. a gate in a highway at winch money is paid. 
Turnstile, 5. a cross in a foot-path to stop cattle. 
Turpentine, s. a gum from the pine. 
Turret, s. a little tower. 
Turtle, 5. a species of dove. 
Tush, interj. expressing contempt. 
Tu-k, s. the long tooth of an elephant, a bear, &c» 
Tutelary, a. guarding; protecting. 
Tutor, 5. one who instructs. 
Twain, a. two. 

Twang, .9. a sharp quick sound ; a canting sound of the 
Tweezers, .9. nippers. [voioe. 

Twelvemonth, s. a year. 
Twice, ad. two times. 

•Twig, s. a small shoot ; a switch. [after sunset. 

Twilight, s. the imperfect light before sunrising and 
Twin, s. one of two children born at a birth. 
Twine, s. a twisted thread. 
Twine, v- n. to embrace-, 
Twinge, s. a sudden pang. 
Twinkle, v- n. to sparkle as a star; to open and shut ths 

eye convulsively. 
Twirl, v. a. to turn round swiftly. 
Twist, ik a. to form small cords into a larger. 
Twit, v. a. to reproach. 
Twitch, v. a, to nluck ; to snatch, 



TWI VEA 

Twitter, v. n. to make a sharp tremulous noise as s 
Twofold, a. double. [swallow. 

Ty'ranny, s. severity ; capricious rule. 
Ty'rant, s. a cruel capricious governor. 

U& V. 

VA'CANT, c. empty; free; unsupplied. 
Vacate, v. a. to quit possession of. 
Vacation, s. a period of leisure. 
Vacuity, s. space unfilled. 
Vagabond, s. an idle sauntering fellow. 
Vagrant, s. a beggar at a distance from home. 
Vague, a. not clearly defined. 
Vain, a. fruitless; empty; ostentatious. 
Valance, s. the hangings of a bed-tester. 
Vale, s. a valley. 

Valet, s. a servant waiting on the person of his master* 
Valiant, a. brave in war. 
Valid, a. having force ; conclusive. 
Valley, s. a low ground between hills. 
Valour, 5. courage displayed in feats of arms. 
Value, s. price; worth ; rate. 

Vane, s. an instrument to tell which way the wind blows, 
Vanish, v. n. to disappear. 
Vanity, s. emptiness ; frivolous ostentation. 
Vanquish, v. a. to conquer. 
Vapid, a. spiritless ; insipid. 
Vapour, s. fume. 
Variety, s. change. 

Varlet, s. a civil officer; a low servant ; a scoundrel. 
Varnish, s. a shining liquid or substance spread oa 

another substance. 
Vary, v. a. to differ ; to change ; to alter. 
Vase, s. a vessel, generally for ornament ; an urn. 
Vassal, s. one bound to a certain subjection; the tenant 

of a superior lord. 
Vast, a. large ; great; ©omprehensive. 
Vat, s. a brewer's tub. 

Vault, 5. a continued arch underground; a repesitory 
Vault, v. n. to leap ; to jump. [for the dsad, 

l^aunt, v. n. to boast. 
Veal, s. the flesh of a ealf. 



VEE y ER 

Veer, u. n, to change as the wind. 

Vegetable, s. that which grows without animal life. 

Vegetate, v. n. to grow as plants. 

Vehement, a. forcible; impressive,. 

Vehicle, s. a carriage. 

Veil, s. a cover for the face. {flow?. 

Vein, s. a tube in the flesh through which the blood 

Vellum, $. the skin of the calf dressed for writing. 

Velocity, s. speed. 

Velvet, $. a sort of silk. 

Venal, a, corrupt ; mercenary. 

Vend, v. a. to se'l. 

Venerate, v. a. to reverence. 

Vengeance, 5. harm done in requital for an offence. 

Vengeful, «. eager to requite offences. 

Venial, a. pardonable ; that may be allowed. 

Venison, 5. the flesh of deer. 

Venom, s. poison. 

Vent, 5c a hole; a passage. 

Ventilate, v. a. to fan with wind. 

Venture, s. a hazard. 

Veracity, 5. moral truth ; honesty of speech. 

Verb, s. one of the eight parts of speech. 

Verbal, a. spoken, not written ; hollow, in words only. 

Verdant, a. green. 

Verdict, s. decision of a jury. 

Veidigrise, g. the rust of brass. 

Verdure, s. green vegetable colour. 

Verge, s. the edge, or utmost border. 

Verge, v. n. to bend downward ; to tend. 

Verify, y. a. to prove the truth of. 

Verily, ad. in truth. 

Verity, s truth ; certainty. 

Vermilion, s. a bright red colour. 

Vermin, 5. any petty noxious animal. 

Vernal, a* belonging to the spring. 

Versatile, a. inconstant ; fickle. 

Verse, 5. measure in words ; syllables arranged in ca-» 

Versed, a. skilled. [deuce; a line of poetry. 

Vertical, a. directly over head. 

Vertigo, 5. a giddiness. 

Very, e. true; real; in a great degree. 



VES VIO 

Vesper, s. the evening star. 

Vessel, 5. any utensil made to contain liquors; a ship ; 
the pipe for the blood or humours in an animal body. 
Vest, s. an outer garment. 
Vestibule, s. the entrance of a building. 
Vestige, 5. a footstep ; a trace ; a mark ; a sign. 
Vestry, 5. a small room adjoining to a church. 
Vesture, s. clothing. 

Veteran, s. an old soldier; a man long practised in any 
Vex, v. a. to trouble ; to tease. [thing. 

Ifgly, a. not beautiful ; displeasing to the eye. 
Vial, s. a small transparent bottle. 
Vibrate, v. n.to play to and fro. 

Vicar, s. a minister of a parish, where part of the emo- 
luments have been alienated. 
Vice, 5. the course of action contrary to virtue. 
Vicinity, s. neighbourhood. 
Vicious, a. addicted to vice. 
Vicissitude, s. succession ; change. 

Victim, s. a sacrifice. 

Vic or, s. a conqueror. 

Victuals, s. pi. food. 

Videlicet, ad. to wit ; that is to say. 

Vie, v. n. to contend ; to endeavour to equal. 

View, s. a prospect; a survey ; an intention. 

Vigil, s. the eve before a holiday, on which men were 

Vigilant, a. watchful. [accustomed to watch. 

Vigour, s. strength ; force. 

Vile, a. sordid; nicked. 

Vilify, v. a . to debase; to speak ill of. 

Villa, s. a country seat. 

Village, s. a small collection of houses. 

Villain, s. a depraved character. 

Vindicate, v. a. to justify ; to defend. 

Vindictive, a. given to revenge. 

Vine, s. the plant that bears the grape. 

Vinegar, s. nine grown sour. 

Vineyard, s. a ground planted with vines. 

Vinous, a. having the qualities of wine. 

Vintage, s. the time of gathering grapes. 

Vintner, 5. one who sells wine. 

Viol, s. a stringed instrument of music. 

Violate, v. a. to injure; to infringe. 



V I O U N C 

Violent, a. forcible j acting with strength- 
Violet, $. a flower. 
Violin, s. a fiddle. 

Violoncello, s. a stringed instrument of music. 
JViper, s. a serpent 
Virago, s. a masculine woman. 
Virgin, s. a young maid. 

Virtual, a. having the efficacy, without the material 
Virtue, s. moral goodness. £par£. 

Virtuoso, s. one skilled in curiosities. 
Virulent, .£. malignant; venomous. 
Visage, s. the face^ the countenance. 
Viscount, $. a nobleman next? in degree to an earl. 
Visible, c. open ; that can be seen. 
Vision, s. sight; a waking dream, supposed to hare 
Visionary, a. imaginary, [something supernatural in it» 
Visit, £. the ceremonious going to see another. 
Visor, s. a mask. 

Vista, s. prospect through an avenue. 
Visual, a. used ija sight. 
Vital, a. necessary to life. 
Vitiate, v. a. to deprave; to corrupt. 
Vivacity, s, sprightlin ess. 
Vivid, a. brilliant ; active. 
Vixen, s. a violent woman ; a scold. 
Viz. contraction of videlicet , to wit; that is to say. 
Vizard, 5. a mask. 

Viz : er, *, the prime minister of the Turkish empire. 
U'lcer. 5. an inveterate sore. 
jtJ'ltimate, a . the last. 
SJ'mbrage, $. a shadow .; offence. 
Umbrella, s. a portable covering from the sun or r&l% 
U'mpire, s. an arbitrator. 
Unadvised, a. imprudent; indiscreet. 
Unaffected, a. real,; open; candid; sincere. 
Unanimous, a. being of one mind. 

Unavailable, 1 , 

Vt >-r ?#• useless; vam. 

unavailing, J ? 

Unbend, v. a. to relax j to remit. 

Unborn, a. not yet born into life. 

Unbosom, v. a. iq reveal in confidence,. 

Unbridled, a. licentious. 

^Jacu&in, v r q.. to free from chains. 



UNC UNS- 

U'neTe, s. the father's or mothers brother, 

Unconcern, s. negligence. 

Uncouth, a. strange; ill-bred. 

U'nction, s. an ointment ; the act of anointing 

Undeceive, v. a. to inform justly. 

lender, ad. and prep, beneath; below, 

TJ'ndergo, v. a. to suffer. 

U'nderhand, ad. sly ; cunning. 

Underline, v. a. to draw a line under, 

I/nderling, s. an inferior agent. 

U'nderneath, a. below. 

Understand, v. a. to comprehend fully, 

Understanding, s. intellectual powers. 

Undertake, v. a. to engage in. 

Undertaker, s. a conductor of funerals. 

U'nderwood, s. bushes under timber trees. 

Undesignirig, a. sincere. 

Undone, a. not yet begun; destroyed; ruined. 

U'ndulate, v. a. to roll as a wave. 

Unfeeling, a. insensible; hard of disposition. 

Unfledged, a. that has not yet the full complement of 

g£S;}n.. to expand. t«*~ 

Ungainly, a. awkward. 

U'nicorn. 5. an imaginary beast with one horn, 

U'niform, a. conforming to one rule. 

Unintelligible, a. not to be understood. 

U'nion, s. the act of joining. 

Ifnison, s. a repetition of the same sound in music, 

Unit, s. one. 

Unite, v. a. to join ; to agree. 

tfnity, 5. concord. 

Universal, a. all, without exception. j 

U'niverse, s. all created things. 

University, s. a general school for the liberal arts. 

Unless, co?ij» except. ^#' 

Unlettered, a. unlearned. j& 

Unnerve, v. a. to weaken. 

Unprincipled, a. having vicious habits. 

Unravel, v. a. to clear. 

Unrivalled, a. having no rival or equal* 

Unruly, a. turbulent. 

Unsay', v, a. to retract. 

Unspeakable, a. not to be expressed* 



UNT URB 

Until, ad. to the time that. 

Untimely, a. happening before the natural time. 

U'nto, prep, the old word for to. 

Unwieldy, a. bulky. 

Vocabulary, s. a collection of words for the use of Ieam- 

Vocal, a. having a voice ; belonging to the voice, [ers. 

Vocation, s. trade or calling. 

Vocative, s. the grammatical case used in calling or 

Vociferous, a. with a loud voice. {[speaking to. 

Vogue, s. fashion ; mode. 

Voice, 5. modulated sound from the mouth. 

Void ? #. empty; vacant. 

Volatile, a. flying; lively; flying off by evaporation. 

Volcano, s. a burning mountain. 

Volition, s. the power of choice. 

Volley, s. a flight of shot. 

Voluble, a. fluent of words. 

Volume, s. a book. 

Voluminous, a. consisting of volumes. 

Voluntary, a. acting by choice. 

Volunteer, s. a soldier who enters into the service of 

his own accord. 
Voluptuary, $. one given to luxury. 
Voluptuous, a. luxurious. 
Vomit, v. a. to throw up from the stomach. 
Voracious, a. greedy to eat. 
Votary, 5. one devoted to any religious service* 
Vote, s. choice declared. 
Vouch, v. n. to attest. 
Vouchsafe, v. a. to grant. 
Vow, 5. a religious promise. 
Vow'el, s. a letter which sounds by itself. 
Voy'age, s. a journey by sea. 
Up, ad. aloft ; out of bed ; above. 
Upbraid, v. n. to chide ; to reproach. 
Uphill, a. difficult. 
Uphold, v. a. to support. 
Upholder, s. a supporter; an undertaker. 
Upholsterer, s. one who furnishes houses. 
Upon, prep, not under. 
U'pper, a. superior in place. 
U'pright, a. straight up ; perpendicular; honest, 
U'proar, s, loud noise ; tumult. 
Urbanity, 5. kindness with good breeding.- 



URC WAL 

tfrchin, s. a hedge-hog • a name of slight anger to a 
Urge, v. a. to incite ; to press. [child. 

Urn, s. a vessel largest in the middle, and contracted 

above and below. 
Use., s. habit ; custom ; employment. 
U'sher, .?. an under-teacher in a school. 
U'sher, v. a. to introduce. 
U^ual, a. common; of frequent practice. 
Usurp, v. a. to seize or possess without right. 
Usury, s. profit on money lent; unfair profit, [trade. 
Utensil, s. an instrument for use in a house, kitchen, or, 
Utility. 5. usefulness. [in the highest degree. 

Utmost, a. extreme; placed at the extremity; beinj 
TJ'tter. v. a. to speak ; to emit sounds ; to publish. 
Utter, a. entire; perfect. 
Vulgar, s, the common people. 
Vulnerable, a. liable to be wounded. 
Vulture, s. a large bird. 

w. 

WA'DDIN T G, s. a soft kind of stuff used for warmth 
in linings; the paper which secures a gun-charge* 
Wade, v. n* to walk through water. 
Wafer, s. a thin substance for closing letters. 
Waft, v. a. to carry smoothly through the air. 
Wag, s. a sly fellow. 
Wag, v. a. and n. to shake slightly. 
Wage, u. a. to stake against, as to wage war. 
Wager, 5. a bet ; any pledge upon a chance or per- 
formance. 
Wages, s. stipend ; settled pay for service done. 
Waggon, 5. a heavy carriage for burthens. 
Wagtail, s- a bird. 
Wail, v. a. to lament; to moan. 
Wainscot, s. the inner wooden covering of a wall. 
Waist, s. the smallest part of the human trunk* 
Waistcoat, s. a garment worn about the waist. 
Wait, v. a. to expect ; to attend. 
Wake, s. a merriment ; a feast- making* 
Wake, v. a. to wateh ; not to sleep. 
Walk, v. ru to go on foot. 
Wall, s. a partition of brick, &c 
Wallet, s, a bag •> a knapsack. 
T 



WAL W E A 

Wallfruit, 5. fruit which grows against a wall, 

Wallow, v. n. to roll as in the mire; 

Walnut, s. a large nut. 

Wan, a. pale as with sickness. 

Wand, s. a small stick or twig; 

Wander, v. n. to rove. 

Wanton, a. froiicksome ; causeless* 

Want, s. need ; deficiency. 

War, 5. hostility between nations; 

Warble, v. a. to sing ; to quaver. 

Ward, s. a young person under the protection of a 

Wardrobe, $. a room where clothes are kept, [guardian,, 

Ware, 5. something to be sold ; merchandize. 

Warfare, s. military life. 

Warlike, a. military. 

Warm, a. a little hot; zealous. 

Warmth, 5. heat; zealj passion. 

Warn, v. a. to caution. 

Warrant, v. a. to undertake for a thing; to justify; 

Warrant, s. a written authority from a magistrate; 

Warren, $. ground set apart for rabbits. 

Wart, s. a hard excrescence on the flesh. 

Wash, v. a. to cleanse with water. 

Wasp, s. a stinging insect. 

Waste, 5. desolate or uncultivated ground; 

Waste, v. a. to diminish uselessly. 

Watch, 5. a pocket time-keeper. 

Watch, v. a. to keep guard. 

Water, s. one of the elements. 

Wave, s. a billow at sea. 

Wave, i), n. to play loosely in the air. 

Waver, v. n. to be unsettled. 

Wax, s. the produce of bees ; a composition used to 

Way, s. a road ; a passage ; a method, [close letters, 

Way'lay, v. a. to beset by ambush. 

Way'ward, a. froward; unruly. 

Weak, a. feeble. 

Wealth, s. riches ; money. 

Wean, v. a. to refuse the breast to a child. 

Weapon, s. an instrument of offence. 

Wear, v. a. to waste ; to have on. 

Weary, a. tired; exhausted. 

Weasel, s. a small animal* 



WEA WHE 

Weather, 5. the state of the air, 
Weather, v. a. to pass with difficulty. 
Weathercock, s. a vane to show which way the wind 
Weatherglass, s. a barometer. [blows'. 

Weave, v. a. to form with intersecting threads. 
Web, s. any thing woven. 

Webfooted, a. having films between the toes of the foot, 
Wed, v. a. to marry. 

Wedge, 5. a log, or piece of iron, thick at one extre- 
mity and sharp at the other, to split wood. 
Wedlock, $. marriage. 
Wednesdays s. the fourth day of the week. 
Weed. s. a wild herb. 
Weed, v. a. to root up weeds* 
Week, s. the space of seven days. 

Weep, v. n. te shed tears. [amine nicely, 

Weigh, i\ a. to try the weight of any thing; toes- 
Weight, s. the heaviness of any thing; importance. 
Welcome, interj. of hospitality. 
Welfare, s. happiness; well being. 
Well, s. a spring; a fountain. 
Well, a. not sick; happy; prosperous* 
Well, ad not amiss; rightly. 
Welladay, interj. a!as. 
Wellborn, a, not meanly descended. 
Wellbred, a. polite ; renned in manners. 
Welter, v. n. to roll in blood, mire, &c. 
Wen, s. a fleshy excrescence on the bod>% 
West, s. the region ^here the sun sets. 
Wet, a. moist ; rainy. 
Whale, 5. the largest of fishes. 
Wharf, s. a place to land goods at. 
What, pron. thai: which; which of many? 
Whatever, pron. this or that. 
Wheat, s. bread- corn. 
Wheedle, v. a. to entice by soft words. 
Wheel, *. a circular body, made to turn round upoxa 
Wheeze, v. n. to breathe with noise. [its axis* 

Whelp, s. the young of a dog, &c. 
When, ai. at the time that. 
Whence, ad. from what place; for which cause, 
AVhenever, ad. at whatsoever time a 
S T here, ad. at what place. 

T2 



WHE WHO 

Wherever, ad. at whatever place. 

Wherefore, ad. for which reason ; for what reason? 

Wherein, ad. in which. 

Whereof, ad. of which. 

Whereto, ad. to which ; to what end ? 

Whereon, ad. upon which ; upon what ? 

Wherry, s. a light river-boat 

Whet, v. a. to sharpen ; to give an edge. 

Whether, pron. which of two. 

Whetstone, s. a sharpening stone. 

Whev, s, the thin part of milk. 

Whiff, s. a blast ; a puff. 

While, s. a space of time. 

While, 7 , . 

Whjlst,^ ^ long as. 

Whim, 5. an odd fancy. 

Whimper, v. n. to cry in a low voice. 

Whimsey, s. a freak; an odd fancy. 

Whine, v. n. to lament in a pitiful voice. 

Whip, s. an instrument to beat with, tough and pliant* 

Whirl, v. a. to turn round rapidly. 

Whirlpool, s. water moving circularly. 

Whirlwind, s. a storm moving circularly. 

Whisk, v. n. to move quickly. 

Whisker, s. hair on the lips or cheeks. 

Whisper, 5. a low voice. 

Whist, s. a game at cards. 

Whistle, s. a small wind instrument with a shrill sound. 

White, 5. a colour. 

Whither, ad. to what place. 

Whiting, s. a fish. 

Whitlow, s. a swelling at the finger's end. 

Whitsuntide, s. the feast of Pentecost. 

Whiz, v. a. to make a humming noise* 

Who, pron. which person. 

Whoever, pron. any one. 

Whole, a. all; no part wanting. 

Wholesale, $. sale of large parcels at a time. 

Wholesome, a. sound ; contributing to health. 

Whom, the accus. of who, sing, andpZ. 

Whoop, s. a shout of pursuit. 

Whose, gen, of who and which* 



WHO WIT 

Whosoever, prow, any without restriction ; in modem 

speech the syllable so i? omitted. 
Why, ad. for what reason. 
Wick, s. the stem of a candle. 
Wicked, a. given to vice. 
Wicker, a. plaited with small sticks. 
Wicket, s. a small gate. 
Wide, a. broad ; remote. 
Widgeon, s. a water-fowl. 
Widow, 5. a woman whose husband is dead. 
Widower, s. a man whose wife is dead. 
Width, s. breadth. 
Wield, v. a. to use with full power. 
Wife, s. a woman that is married. 
Wig, s. false hair worn on the head. 
Wild, s. a desert. [mantic. 

Wild, a. not tame; savage; immoral; uncouth; ro- 
Wilderness, s. a desert ; a land of solitude. 
Wildfire, s. gunpowder rolled up wet. 
Wile, 5. a deceit; a fraud. 
Wilful, a. stubborn. 
Will, 5. choice; command. 
Willing, a. inclined to any thing; pleased. 
Willow, 5. a tree. 
Win, v. n, to gain by conquest. 
Wince, v. n. to shrink from pain. 

Wind, s. a current of air. [serpentine* 

Wind, v. a. to turn round, as thread upon a bottom ; to 
Window, s. an aperture in a house fur light and air. 
Wine, s. the juice of grapes. 
Wing, s. the part of a bird usedin flying. 
Wink, v. n. to shut the eye for a moment. 
Winnow, v. a. to fan, as corn. 
Winter, s. the cold season of the year. 
Winter, v. n. to pass the winter. 

Wipe, v. a. to cleanse by the application of a soft sub* 
Wire, s. metal drawn into threads. [stance. 

Wise, a. judicious; of excellent faculties; well informed. 
Wish, s. a longing desire. 
Wisp, 5. a small bundle of hay. 
Wit, 5. unexpected and amusing combinationsof thought; 

quickoess of fancy; a man of genius; sense. 



WIT W R A 

Witch, 5. a woman supposed to be familiar with *vil 

With, prep, by ; noting the cause or means. [spirits- 

Withdraw', v. a. to take away. 

Wither, v. n. to fade; to waste. 

Withhold, v. a. to keep back. 

Within, prep.m the inner part 

Without, prep, not with. 

Withstand, v. a. to oppose. 

Withy, s. the willow. 

Witness, 5. a person who gives testimony. 

Witticism, s. a mean attempt at wit. 

Wizard, s. a man familiar with evil spirits* 

Woe, s. grief ; sorrow ; misery. 

Wold, 5. a plain open country. 

Wolf, s. a fierce beast. 

Woman, s. the female of the human race. 

Wonder, s. amazement ; admiration $ the cause of 

wonder. 
Wont, v. a. to be accustomed. 
W r oo, v. a. to court ; to make love* 
Wood, s. a place filled with trees. 
Woodbine, 5. the honey-suckle. 
W'oodcock, 5. a bird. 
Wool, 5. the fleece of sheep. 
Word, s. a distinct member of human speech ; the por~ 

tion of sound expressed by one set of letters joine4 

together. 
Work, 5. toil ; labour. 
World, s. the earth ; mankind. 
Worldly, a. bent upon the things of this world. 
Worm, s. an insect. 
Worry, v. a. to tear ; to harass. 
Worse, a. more bad; more ill. 
Worship, 5. religious reverence. 
Worst, a. most bad ; most ill. 
Worsted, 5. woollen yarn. 
Wort, 5. new beer. ' x 

Worth, 5. price; value; virtue. 
Worth, a. equal in value to. 
Worthy, a. deserving; of fair character* 
Wound, 5. a hurt in the flesh. 
Wrangle. 5. a captious dispute. 



WRA YEW 

Wrap, v, a. to roll together. 

Wrath, s. anger ; fury ; rage. 

Wreath, s. a garland. 

"Wreck, s. the destruction, or fragments of a ship. 

Wrench, v. a. to pull by force. 

Wrest, v. a. to twist by violence ; to take away by 

Wrestle, v. n. to struggle for a fall. [twisting. 

Wretch, s. a wicked person ; an unhappy person. 

Wright, s. a workman ; an artificer. 

Wring, v. a. to twist ; to squeeze ; to torture; to extort. 

Wrinkle, s. a furrow of the skin. 

Wrist, s. the joining of the hand to the arm. 

Write, v. a. to express by letters on paper, &c. 

Writhe, v. ??. to twist the body from pain. 

Writing, s. the act of writing ; a legal instrument 

Wrong, s. injury; injustice. 

Wry, a. crooked ; distorted. 

X. 

XIs a letter, which, though employed in tfie 
# English tongue, begins no word in our language. 

Y. 

YACHT, s. a small ship contrived for swiftness and 
pleasure. 
Yard, $. ground inclosed to a house ; a measure of three 
Yarn, s. spun wool or flax. [feet. 

Yawn, v. n. to gape. 
Ye, the nom. pLof thou. 
Yea, ad. yes ; surely. 

Year, s. twelve months. [a year. 

Yearly, a. annually happening ; lasting a year ; once 
Yearn, v. n. to feel great desire with uneasiness. 
Yeast, 5. the foam, spume, or flour of malt liquor when 
Yell, s. a cry of horror or agony. [in fermentation. 

Yellow, s. a colour. 
Yelp, v. n. to bark as a hound. 
yecma», s. a farmer. 
Yes, ad. a term of affirmation. 
Yesterday, 5. the day last past. 
Yet, Cory, nevertheless. 
Yet, ad. beside; still; at least. 
Yew,*, a tree of tough wood, 



YI E ZOO 

Yield, v. a. to produce; to give way. 

Yoke, s. a frame of wood put on the neck ; a mark of 

Yoik, 5. the yellow part of an egg. [servitude* 

Yonder \ a ' in view > Dut distant. 
Yore, ad. long ago ; of old time. 
You,j5ro?z. oblique case of ye; it is a!rc> now used for 

the right, or nominative case 3 and for the singular 

instead of thou. 
Young, a. youthful; not old. 
Young, s. the offspring of animals collectively. 
Your, pron. belonging to you. 

Yourself, s. you ; even you. [hood. 

Youth, s. the early part of human life; one past child* 

z. 

ZA'NY, t. a half-witted fellow; the performer who 
represents such a character. 
Zeal, s. passionate ardour in favour of a good thing. 
Zealot, 5. one whose zeal is excessive. 
Zenith, s. the point in the heavens immediately over 
Zephyr, s. the west wind. [the head. 

Zest, s. the relish attendant on any gratification of 

taste, bodily or mental. 
Zodiac, s. the track of the sun through the twelve signs. 
Zone, s. a girdle; a division of the earth. 
Zoology, s. the science of living creatines. 
Zoophyte, s. a substance which partakes of the nature 

both of vegetable and animal. 



THE E>^>. 



Richard Taylor & Co* Printers, Shoe Lane,- London* 










n m 



Deacidified using the Bookkeeper process. 
Neutralizing agent: Magnesium Oxide 
Treatment Date: Oct. 2006 

PreservationTechnologies 

A WORLD LEADER IN PAPER PRESERVATION 

1 1 1 Thomson Park Drive 
Cranberry Township, PA 16066 
(724)779-2111 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 




003 337 292 9 



